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China poverty alleviation, raising standard of living

How a Chinese city battles poverty

A mountainous city in Yunnan, China has managed to lift nearly 1.7 million residents out of poverty in 6 years. Find out how this feat was achieved in Zhaotong, a city that once had the largest share of poverty-stricken residents across the country.

 
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China establishes monitoring and assistance mechanism to prevent reoccurrence of poverty
By Wang Hao, Shi Ziqiang, (People's Daily) 09:47, October 18, 2020

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Photo taken on October 13 shows farmers pick up mushrooms in a greenhouse of a family farm in Bozhou, east China’s Anhui province. (Photo by Liu Qinli/People’s Daily Online)

“Thanks to the policy of the government, I feel more secure about getting rid of poverty,” said Fu Huaiqin, a resident in Heshunhui village, Weixian county, north China’s Hebei province.

The man was diagnosed with a bladder tumor last year. Although medical insurance was able to cover a part of his expenses, he still needed to pay a high cost of over 10,000 yuan (about $1,491) himself. His family, which had just shaken off poverty, was faced with the risk of getting into debt.

Fu’s predicament triggered a warning of the big data system of Weixian county preventing the reoccurrence of poverty.

Staff members with the local healthcare department verified his situation, provided a relief worth of 7,000 yuan for him, and advanced a series of measures concerning healthcare and employment, preventing Fu’s family from falling into poverty again.

Preventing the reoccurrence of poverty is an import part of China’s poverty alleviation. Preliminary statistics suggest that nearly 2 million people who have been lifted out of poverty are at risk of returning to poverty, and nearly 3 million of the population living barely above the poverty line could possibly be impoverished.

Local governments in China have actively explored and put into place a mechanism to effectively prevent people from falling back to poverty, and rolled out targeted measures to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation and ensure that the poverty alleviation goals will be achieved with high quality.

Both poverty-stricken households and those barely living above the poverty line are the main focus of attention in poverty reduction. Therefore, to prevent the reoccurrence of poverty calls for extra efforts for these groups.

The State Council Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development has specified that family is the basic unit of the mechanism to prevent reoccurrence of poverty.

The mechanism monitors registered poverty-stricken households that have shaken off poverty and yet are still faced with risks of returning to poverty, as well as marginal households with an income slightly higher than that of registered poverty-stricken households.

East China’s Anhui Province has identified 61,279 marginal households and formulated 206,600 measures to provide assistance. Through well-targeted support, the province has already eliminated the risk of falling into poverty again for 18,029 of them.

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Workers make uppers at a poverty alleviation workshop in Nujiang Lisu autonomous prefecture, southwest China’s Yunnan province, October 14. (Photo by Liang Zhiqiang/People’s Daily Online)

By collecting data on the targets through the monitoring mechanism and receiving warning of possible risks, China is trying to help those in need as soon as possible so that they won’t return to poverty.

The poverty alleviation data platform of northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region has collected the dynamic information about more than 160,000 poverty-stricken residents, over 2.92 million people who have been lifted out of poverty and 370,000 marginal population facing risks of falling into poverty. Their income levels are shown in four colors, red, orange, yellow and green, which indicate their corresponding risks of slipping back into poverty.

Weixian county, Guantao county and other areas in Hebei province have established a unified network concerning medical insurance, civil affairs, and emergency management, allowing the local government to accurately identify residents that have spent a large amount of money because of diseases or disasters and thus provide timely capital assistance.

To prevent residents from falling into or returning to poverty, it is crucial to improve the self-development capacity of the poor people, help them secure jobs and ensure sustained and stable income growth for them.

“I now earn over 2,000 yuan per month, plus a subsidy of 300 yuan. The job is easy and the income is basically the same as those villagers working out-of-town,” said Wang Zhaoxia, a resident in Tai’an village, Lu’an, Anhui province.

She once tried to secure a job in the cities, but failed as she lacked professional skills. Last year, she participated in training sessions provided by the village and found a job in a poverty alleviation workshop near her home.

She now processes wire harness for washing machines and becomes more confident about her future.

By adopting various measures such as vocational training, poverty alleviation collaboration and workshops, Anhui province has helped over 1.6 million poor residents secure a job and prevented them from returning to poverty.

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Farmers, led by local officials, fertilize the soil at a strawberry planting base in Yuping Dong autonomous county, Tongren, southwest China’s Guizhou province, October 14. (Photo by Hu Panxue/People’s Daily Online)

China has also woven a strong security net to prevent residents from falling into poverty due to illness, disasters or education.

Provinces in the country have taken a series of measures to ensure that those who are incapable of working are provided with aid and guarantees and that families which fall into or return to poverty because of illnesses, disability, disasters and other accidents could receive timely assistance.

By developing industries, China has ensured long-term and effective results in poverty alleviation.

The country has implemented more than 980,000 industrial projects in poverty-stricken areas, covering 92 percent of the households in poverty.

As of the end of August, the national poverty alleviation projects, leading enterprises in poverty alleviation and workshops for poverty reduction had fully resumed work.

The number of rural migrant workers from poor areas reached 106 percent of that last year, and the country has consumed nearly 130 billion yuan on products and services from poor areas.

The tasks in the agreement on east-west pairing-off cooperation for poverty alleviation were over-fulfilled ahead of schedule.

China has so far sent 255,000 work teams, and sent more than 2.9 million officials from government departments at or above the county level and from state-owned enterprises and government-affiliated institutions to serve as first secretaries of Party village committees and village-stationed officials in poverty-stricken and backward villages. They are joining hands with poor residents in a bid to comprehensively win the fight against poverty.
 
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Belt and Road alliance for poverty relief established in Chinese border province
Source: Xinhua| 2020-11-17 19:29:28|Editor: huaxia

KUNMING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- An alliance for poverty relief and development along the Belt and Road was set up in southwest China's Yunnan Province on Tuesday to promote the sharing of experience and models.

The Alliance of Poverty Reduction and Development (APRD), approved by the Alliance of International Science Organizations (ANSO), was jointly established by 14 international scientific institutions and government organizations in countries and regions including China, Poland and Hungary.

With its secretariat based in the city of Lincang, the alliance will focus on common regional challenges and major demands from countries along the Belt and Road in the areas of poverty reduction and development.

The organization will seek cooperation in areas including scientific research, training, studies on poverty relief and development, and technology sharing among countries along the Belt and Road, said Liu Yansui, director of the Center for Assessment and Research on Targeted Poverty Alleviation under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, one of the organizers of the APRD.

ANSO, launched in late 2018 under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), is comprised of scientific research organizations from countries participating in the BRI, as well as international organizations.
 
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The last nine poverty-stricken counties in southwest China's Guizhou Province were officially removed from the poverty list, the provincial government announced on Monday.

The areas were also the last remaining poverty-stricken counties in China.

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A very significant milestone. Now, the next target is to complete 2035 program.
 
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10:46, 03-Dec-2020
China resettles 9.6 million people for poverty relief during 13th Five-Year Plan period
CGTN

China has completed its poverty alleviation relocation plan during the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020) period, relocating over 9.6 million people, said Zhao Chenxin, secretary-general of the National Development and Reform Commission.
 
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China's poverty-stricken counties see online retail sales rise 26%

Xinhua · china.org.cn | January 28, 2021

Online retail sales, an important force in the fight against poverty, jumped 26 percent year on year to total 301.45 billion yuan (about 46.49 billion U.S. dollars) across China's 832 national-level poverty-stricken counties last year, the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) said on Thursday.

Online retail sales, an important force in the fight against poverty, jumped 26 percent year on year to total 301.45 billion yuan (about 46.49 billion U.S. dollars) across China's 832 national-level poverty-stricken counties last year, the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) said on Thursday.

In the fourth quarter, the impoverished counties saw online retail sales surge 30.4 percent from a year earlier to 94.57 billion yuan, MOC spokesperson Gao Feng told a regular press conference.

The counties were home to about 3.07 million online retailers at the end of last year, up 13.7 percent from the end of 2019, said Gao.
China vowed to eliminate absolute poverty by the end of last year, 10 years ahead of the schedule for poverty-eradication set by the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
 
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11 years on, woman in iconic photo shares story of transformed life
Feb 3, 2021
New China TV

A photo taken by a Xinhua correspondent during the 2010 Spring Festival travel rush touched the hearts of many. After 11 years, the photographer finally found the woman in the iconic picture. Here are the tremendous changes that have taken place in the woman's life since.


11年前那位感动中国的“春运母亲”,找到了!

  2010年的春运第一天,一张名为《孩子,妈妈带你回家》的照片直击人心
  11年前那位感动中国的“春运母亲”,找到了!

这是一次11年的寻找。
2010年1月30日,当天全国进入春运的第一天。新华社记者周科在南昌火车站广场拍下了这样一张照片:
一位年轻的母亲,背上巨大的行囊压弯了她的身躯,手里的背包眼看拖地,但揽在右臂中的婴孩整洁而温暖。抬头前行的年轻母亲面色红润,一双大眼睛坚定有力。

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  2010年1月30日,巴木玉布木背着大包、抱着孩子在南昌火车站匆忙赶车。周科 摄

就是在那一天,这张名为《孩子,妈妈带你回家》的照片被新华社摄影部的编辑含泪编发,在当晚海量春运照片中直击人心,被数百家网站和报纸选用。
2011年,该照片获得年度中国新闻摄影金奖和第21届中国新闻奖。
“一张震撼人心却又让人深思的照片!”
“肩上扛的是生活,怀里搂的是希望。”
“当妈之后就看不得这类图了,看了就忍不住眼泪。”
……
11年来,这张照片不断在网络和社交平台流传,不断被各大媒体引用、转发,并成为“春运表情”。每到春运,人们总会想到这位中国母亲;每逢母亲节,网友便会发布这张照片来颂扬母爱。
11年来,众多的询问和反馈,让记者开始后悔当年“没有留下那位母亲的联系方式”。在众多网民和关注者不断发来的相关信息里,也让周科开始了一场漫长的寻找。
随着信息一点点地拼凑,照片一张张地对比,不久前,当年那位母亲,轮廓越来越清晰:巴木玉布木,32岁,彝族人。
2021年春节前夕,在四川省凉山彝族自治州越西县瓦岩乡桃园村,围坐在火塘旁,伴随着跳动的火苗,周科终于结束了寻找,与11年前那名自己镜头里的年轻母亲相遇了。
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1月20日拍摄的通往巴木玉布木家的乡村公路。周科 摄
“一次喧闹车站的陌生偶遇,到远隔数千里之外的重逢,苦苦寻找了11年的一名没有只言片语的陌生人啊。”周科感慨,这些年自己带着相机走过更多的陌生城市,然而,这名曾在自己镜头里出现的陌生人却成了11年的牵挂。
  “住上不漏雨的房子,是我儿时的梦想”
见到巴木玉布木时,她笑得灿烂,看不出岁月的沧桑。与11年前照片中一样,她盘起头发、背着孩子迎面走来,除了略显瘦削,依旧是那双明亮的眼睛,炯炯有神。
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1月22日,巴木玉布木在接受采访。周科 摄
她的身后,是刚刚建好的新房,钢筋水泥结构,结实的板材门窗。“住上这栋大雨漏不进去、寒风吹不进来的房子,小时候做梦都想。”曾在土坯房住了30年的巴木玉布木,童年的家在半山腰,出嫁后家在山脚下,变的是海拔,不变的是土坯房。
住进新房,巴木玉布木偶尔还会做噩梦:害怕孩子们冻醒,更担心房子塌下来。
曾经,每到雨季,屋外大雨,巴木玉布木的土坯房里便是小雨。雨水落在地面不打紧,可时常会滴落在床上打湿被子,一家人都睡不了觉。脸盆放在床上接雨,一个不够,再加另一个,还不行就用木桶……
巴木玉布木回忆,那时候家里没有通电,漆黑的夜里,夫妻俩就在屋里摸来摸去,凭着感觉找漏点接雨水。整个晚上,就这样抱着熟睡中的孩子盼天亮。
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  1月20日,上图是大女儿巫其拉布木在介绍自己曾经住过的房间;下图是她在自己的新房间整理衣物。周科 摄

日复一日,年复一年,屋顶的瓦片不知被翻弄了多少次,雨中的不眠之夜又过了多少回。
在未拆除的旧房前,记者推开几块木板拼成的房门,简陋的木板床,补了又补的被褥。从柜中翻出几件黑色的彝族察尔瓦(披衫),巴木玉布木说,“这些白天当衣服穿,晚上就是被子。”她说自己偶尔去集镇上淘衣服,2块钱一件,也有5块钱一件的,但家里人很少买,“更多是别人穿旧了不要的就捡回来。”
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1月22日拍摄的身着彝族服饰的巴木玉布木。周科 摄
10年前,位于全国“三区三州”深度贫困地区之一的桃园村,苦日子并非巴木玉布木一家。
从她家门口放眼望去,村庄周围,一道道山梁、一级级梯田清晰可见,山上草枯叶黄。远处,一座座大石山高耸入云,根本望不见外面的世界。
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  1月22日,上图是巴木玉布木童年住过的村庄;下图是她现在居住的桃园村。李思佳 摄

“不外出打工,光靠几亩地能吃饱就算不错了。”桃园村第一书记刘剑说,“村里土地贫瘠,不少还悬在半山腰上,播下一颗种子不见得能长出一粒粮食。要是遇上洪涝干旱,一年的收成就没了。”
巴木玉布木家有6亩旱地,祖上一直以种植玉米、荞麦和土豆为主,每年的收成勉强维持一家人填饱肚子。想吃大米要到集镇上买,但家里根本没有钱。2007年大女儿出生,巴木玉布木偶尔会用节省下来的零钱去买几斤大米,与玉米粉混在一起,给女儿“加餐”长身体。
2009年,二女儿出生,嗷嗷待哺中,巴木玉布木感觉看到了自己重复的童年,她害怕孩子们会像自己一样永远走不出这座大山。
就这样,巴木玉布木做出了一个大胆的决定:出去打工!
  “打工一个月能挣五六百块钱,比家里种地要强”
2010年1月30日,记者在南昌火车站拍摄的那位背负大包、怀抱婴孩匆忙赶车的年轻的母亲,正是巴木玉布木。她说,那是她结束在南昌5个月打工生涯,赶着返回大凉山老家的一幕。
她记得很清楚,那天一早,自己扛着大包小包,带着女儿从住处赶到南昌火车站,再乘坐两天一夜的火车抵达成都。在成都,她花了15元钱在一家小旅馆休息了一晚,又搭乘14个小时的火车抵达越西县,从县城回到大凉山的家里,已是深夜。这趟行程,巴木玉布木花了三天两夜。
如今,从南昌坐高铁到成都,最快只需要8个多小时,而从成都乘火车到越西,6个多小时就能抵达。
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1月22日,巴木玉布木和孩子们在家门口。周科 摄
记者翻开那张曾震撼人心的“春运表情”照时,巴木玉布木惊讶又感慨。她告诉记者,当年自己背包中装满被子、衣物,手拎的双肩包里是一路需要的方便面、面包、尿不湿。她说,那一次,自己背的东西实在太多了,也引得不少好心人上前帮忙。
10余年过去了,中国的长足进步其实从旅客行李背囊的变化都能看出来。如今在车站码头,已经很难拍到像巴木玉布木满荷大包小包这样的“经典镜头”了。
在巴木玉布木的记忆里,那是她第一次走出大凉山,第一份工作便是在南昌一家烧砖厂搬砖。
“砖厂打工一个月能挣五六百块钱,不多,但比家里种地要强。”巴木玉布木说,白天上班,她就背着女儿一起搬运石砖。女儿在肩头睡着了,就把她放在一旁,自己一边干活一边看着她。
巴木玉布木没念过一天书,更不会讲普通话,连火车票也是同村人代买。霓虹灯下的招牌、路边的标识等,周边的一切对她来说都视而不见。在砖厂,她的活动范围很小,除了上班、带孩子和睡觉,砖厂就是她的全部。
巴木玉布木告诉记者,自己的童年是在高山上度过的。山下虽然有学校,但山高坡陡,下山的路要走上两个小时。像当地女孩子没有上学的习俗一样,巴木玉布木从没走进过学校。
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1月22日,巴木玉布木和孩子们行走在集镇上。周科 摄
童年的大多时光,放牛,照顾弟妹,日出日落,每天恒定。对于巴木玉布木来说,每天最开心的事情是等着父母干活归来。再大些,她便加入其中,学着种地。
初到南昌,巴木玉布木一边搬砖,一边练习普通话,努力融入陌生的社会。
此前,她从没见过奶粉和尿不湿。外面的世界,对巴木玉布木来说总是很新鲜。
在砖厂打工期间,巴木玉布木最头疼的事是二女儿经常生病。在老家遇到这种情况,她会带孩子去镇上医院看病。但只身在外,她不知道医院怎么去,唯一能做的就是回家。
“那张照片,正是我带二女儿回家的时候。”巴木玉布木说。
不幸的是,二女儿回家后不到半年就因病去世。自此,她再也没有外出打工。2011年,她的第三个孩子在出生后10天也不幸离世。
“那个年代,桃园村只有一条泥巴路通往外界,出行靠马车,医疗条件非常落后,不少孕妇都是在家里生产,小孩子生病很难得到及时救治。”巴木玉布木说。
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1月22日拍摄的通往巴木玉布木家的乡村公路。李思佳 摄
  “无论生活有多难,我们都要勇敢向前”
正当巴木玉布木和丈夫打算重新外出打工的时候,村干部反复提及的“精准扶贫”让夫妻俩看到了希望。
起初,巴木玉布木并不懂什么叫精准扶贫。但她看到,桃园村的土地上“长”出了许多烟叶大棚,不少村民忙前忙后。
从几亩地试种,到大面积铺开,桃园村一改往年习惯,开始种植烟叶、果树等经济作物。
巴木玉布木一打听,一亩烟叶能挣好几千块钱,这不比在外打工差。于是,她与丈夫把家里的6亩地全部改种了烟叶。
第一年,因技术不好、经验不足,夫妻俩仅挣了五六千元,但他们看到了增收的希望。第二年,扶贫干部上门摸底,送来一张建档立卡贫困户帮扶联系卡,巴木玉布木一家被列为扶贫对象。
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1月22日,巴木玉布木在家中整理脱贫材料。周科 摄
随后,从县级联系领导到驻村农技员,再到具体帮扶责任人,大家为巴木玉布木搭建了脱贫平台。对口帮扶干部刘勇,隔三岔五往巴木玉布木家里跑,将烟叶苗送到田间地头、协调技术员手把手指导……
通过学习,巴木玉布木夫妇种植的烟叶产量成倍增加,年收入从几千元增加到几万元,种植面积也从当初的6亩增加到15亩。
与此同时,巴木玉布木还到半山腰上找荒地,在石头缝中辟出一块块试种地。她高兴地看到,烟叶从半山腰的石头堆里露出头来。
2020年,巴木玉布木家年收入达到10万元,其中工资性收入3万元、家庭生产经营性收入7万元,成功实现脱贫。
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1月22日,巴木玉布木和孩子们行走在村里修建好的水泥路上。周科 摄
作为扶贫对象,巴木玉布木2018年获得国家4万元的建房补贴,她自筹7万元在宅基地旁盖起了一栋钢筋水泥结构的新房。三室一厅的房屋粉刷一新,干净明亮,还贴上了地板砖,电饭煲、冰箱、洗衣机等家电齐全。按照彝族风俗,新居落成,要邀请亲朋好友来家做客,巴木玉布木夫妇一口气宰了两头牛。
依照国家政策,巴木玉布木还享受到医疗和教育方面的资助。2013年以来,她又生育了三个孩子,全部在县城医院免费出生。目前,大女儿巫其拉布木上初一,次女王雪医读小学一年级,儿子巫其布吉上幼儿园。
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  1月22日,大女儿巫其拉布木(左)、次女王雪医(中)、儿子巫其布吉分别在学校的画面。周科 摄

几个孩子很懂事,尤其是次女王雪医,成绩优异,还当上了班长。每当村民夸奖女儿,巴木玉布木总是咧开了嘴。
记者了解到,作为越西县北部的一所初级中学,新民中学学生人数已从2015年的873人增加到现在的2425人,其中女学生比例由15%增长到51%。在国家的援建下,学校不仅新建了几栋教学楼,还正在动工建设一个标准的运动场。
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  1月22日,上图是巫其拉布木就读的越西县新民中学;下图是该校正在建设的足球场。李思佳 摄

2018年,桃园村修建了乡村公路,电力、通信、自来水都通了,村口常遭水冲毁的那座小桥也修葺一新。曾经的上学难、看病难、通信难等问题基本得到解决。
走在宽阔平坦的水泥路上,桃园村孩子们的上学路已经缩短到十几分钟。
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1月22日,大女儿巫其拉布木在学校课堂上。周科 摄
为了增加家庭收入,巴木玉布木夫妇还利用农闲时节外出打工。如今,顿顿都有大米饭,有蔬菜也有肉吃。看着孩子们一张张可爱的面孔,巴木玉布木说,“希望他们好好读书,平平安安。无论是生活的贫困,还是遭遇的不幸,我们都要勇敢向前!”
看着巴木玉布木甜美的笑容,记者已然看到了11年前镜头里年轻母亲笃定的目光。(记者周科、李思佳)
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1月21日,新华社记者周科(左)和巴木玉布木的合影。李思佳 摄
 
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China: Prescription for Poverty | Full Documentary
Streamed live on Feb 28, 2021
New China TV

The 50-minute documentary #ChinaPrescriptionForPoverty tells life-changing stories about hundreds of millions of people.

Who are they? How did they fight poverty? What does it mean to the rest of the world?

Our crew have travelled to where the battles were among the toughest, trying to unveil the secrets and wisdom behind China's war on poverty.
 
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