Salahuddin
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My dear brother neither Taliban was Islamic state nor Saudi arebia is Islamic state. Islamic State was one state---The Khilafah State which insha'Allah is returning. It is a historical fact which no-one doubts that the Islamic world used to be one single state. It remained one single state since Allah (swt) honoured it with Islam until the arrival of the colonialists in the 18th Century; and since then turned into Feudal statelets fighting at border points, despite the fact that the Islamic world was all one single territory.
What is the Khilafah (or Caliphate)?
The Khilafah is the global leadership for all the Muslims in the world. Its role is to establish the laws of the Islamic Shari'ah and to carry the call of Islam to the world. It is a model completely distinguished from any other ruling style such as democracy, theocracy or monarchy. The Shari'ah that is applied in founding the ruling, in caring for the citizen's affairs, and in the external affairs is from Allah. It is a system of unity not a system of union. The system of government in Islam, which is the system of Khilafah, is a unitary system of one state and not a federal system. Muslims all over the world are not allowed to have more than one Islamic State.
Is the Khilafah a Monarchical System?
The monarchical system is not an Islamic system and Islam does not approve of it whether the monarch is a figurehead who does not rule, as is the case in Britain and Spain, because the Khalifah (Caliph) is not a figurehead, rather he is the ruler and an executor of the laws of Allah on behalf of the Islamic Ummah; or if the monarch is the head and the actual ruler, as is the case in Saudi Arabia and Jordan. This is because the Khalifah does not acquire his position like the kings do; rather, Muslims select him and give him a pledge of allegiance. The hereditary system is not allowed in Islam; the Khalifah does not have more privileges than any other citizen and he is not above the law like the kings who cannot be tried, rather he is subservient to the laws of Allah and is liable to be accounted on every act he commits.
Is the Khilafah an Imperial System?
The regions ruled by Islam - though they are of various races and linked to one central place - are not ruled by an imperial system but by a system contradictory to the imperial system. The imperial system does not treat races equally in the various regions of the empire; rather it gives privileges in the ruling, finance and economy to the centre of the empire.
The Islamic way of ruling is to equate between the subjects in all the regions of the state. Islam grants non-Muslims who hold citizenship, the full rights and duties that Muslims have. They enjoy the same fairness as Muslims and are subject to the same accountability like them. Furthermore, every single citizen, regardless of his or her creed, enjoys rights that even a Muslim living abroad who holds no citizenship does not enjoy. With this equality, the Islamic system differs completely from the imperial one. It does not make the regions under its ruling into colonies, areas of exploitation, nor a source of wealth funnelled back into the central region for its own
benefit, no matter how far apart they were, and no matter how different their races were. It considers every single region as a part of the state and its citizens enjoying the same rights as those in the central region. It also makes the ruling authority, its system and its legislation the same in all the regions.
Where is the Khilafah today?
The Khilafah does not exist today in any shape or form throughout the entire world. It was destroyed following World War 1 at the hands of Mustafa Kemal of Turkey. Commenting on its destruction, Lord Curzon, the British foreign secretary, told the House of Commons on 24th July 1924 "...Turkey (the seat of the Khilafah) is dead and will never rise again because we have destroyed its moral strength, the Khilafah and Islam."
What about Saudi Arabia, Iran, Pakistan and Sudan?
For a land to be considered an Islamic State, every single article of the country's constitution, every rule and law, must emanate from the Islamic Shari'ah. In every case of the above-mentioned countries however, these criteria are far from being met. In these places, Islamic law is only by writing the source of the country's legislation, with all types of secular legislation and customs playing along side it, while the constitutions give much more weight to democracy, socialism, capitalism and the like. But these are all concepts that have their roots in other than Islam. Thus it can, in no way, be claimed that any of the current Muslim countries are representative of Islam and the Islamic System of government which is the Islamic Khilafah.
Who will be the ruler in the Caliphate and will he be accountable?
The Khalifah (Caliph) rules the State according to the commands of Allah as laid down in the Qur'an and in the example of the Prophet Muhammad. The people choose and appoint the Khalifah. As a citizen of the Islamic State, whether male of female, Muslim or non-Muslim, you can approach the Khalifah. This may be done for any reason, be it to encourage him to fear Allah, or to ask him for your rights. People are obliged to remove the Khalifah if he implements other than Islam.
How will the Caliphate view science and technology?
When Islam came for the first time as a way of life, Muhammad sent Muslims on a special mission to ash-Sham (modern day Syria, Jordan and Palestine). At that time ash-Sham was not ruled by Islam and was dominated by a superpower of that time, the Romans, who were Christians. These Romans were very skilled in military technology and had developed two special catapults. Also, the Muslims acquired trench technology from the second superpower of the time, the Persians, via Salman al-Farsi and it was put to good use in the Battle of the Trench. This is allowed in Islam because the Muslims did not go to take their way of life from the Persians and Romans. They did not take on their beliefs, values and systems of life. They took only the technology from them, which in fact did not come from a particular belief and is for all human beings to find, by the grace of Allah. Muhammad by his example showed us that technology in its origin is permitted in Islam, but it must be put only to Halal (permitted) use. So a surgeon's knife can be used to heal, but not abort an innocent baby. TVs, Internet and DVDs can be used to propagate the truth or for educational purposes but not to exploit women as material objects.
How will women be treated in the Caliphate?
Men and women have similarities in that they are both humans. They have minds, an ability to reason. They have feelings, instincts and needs. They are both accountable to Allah to contribute to the Islamic society in order to please Allah. So, Islam did not differentiate when it called both men and women to use their reasoning to study the world and understand that it is created. Islam ordered both to pray, fast and perform hajj (pilgrimage). Nor did Islam stop at beliefs and individual worships, because it is a complete way of life. Islam also called both men and women to deal in the affairs of society, such as buying, selling, renting, farming, trading, marrying with their consent, judging, providing medical treatment, electing and accounting the ruler. It also made the seeking and teaching of knowledge compulsory on both women and men.
How will non-Muslim minorities be treated in the Caliphate?
No one can deny the fact that the Islamic World was ruled and governed by the Islamic State. Many non-Muslims used to live with Muslims under the banner of Islam for almost thirteen centuries. Throughout those periods non-Muslims used to have the same high standard of living as the Muslims did. They enjoyed equal rights, prosperity, happiness, tranquillity and security.
Muslims along with non-Muslims only began facing severe hardships after the abolishment of theIslamic State and living under the rulership of the Colonialists.
By investigating the Islamic history in its entirety it is evident that non-Muslims lived amongst the Muslims under the Islamic rule. A Christian mother would breast-feed her Muslim child, Muslim men used to marry Christian or Jewish women, in-laws from them. Muslims used to deal with the Christians and the Jews in the life's affairs. The Jew and Christians used to be called Ahl al-Dhimma, People of the Covenant. The Prophet said, "He who abuses a dhimmi [non-Muslim citizen] then I will be his rival and dispute him on the Day of Judgment."
An Islamic classical scholar, Imam Qarafi, says, "It is the responsibility of the Muslims to the People of the Dhimma [non-Muslim citizens] to take care of their weak, fulfilling the needs of the poor, feeding the hungry, providing clothes, addressing them politely and even tolerating their harm even if it was from a neighbour, even though the Muslim would have an upper hand. The Muslims must also advise them sincerely on their affairs and protect them against anyone who tries to hurt them or their family, steal their wealth or violates their rights."
How does Islam view Capitalism?
This basis of Capitalism is the Capitalist creed, i.e. the creed of detaching "religion" from life. This creed does not result from a rational process, nor even from a logical one, rather it is a compromise between two contradictory ideas; the idea which the clergy used to call for in the "Medieval Ages", namely the submission of everything in this life to the "Religion", i.e. Christianity and the idea which some thinkers and philosophers called for, namely the denial of the existence of a Creator.
So the idea of detachment of the "Religion" from life is a compromise solution between these two sides. A compromise solution is conceivable between two similar views where there is some disparity, but it is inconceivable to exist between two contradictory views. Either there is a Creator who created man, universe and life and accordingly this discussion will then be about whether this Creator has prescribed a system for man to proceed with, in this worldly life, and Who will account him after death on his adherence to this system, or, there is no Creator and accordingly the religion would not be detached from worldly life but rather would be rejected from it.
But to say there is no importance in the existence or non-existence of a Creator is a matter which does not convince the mind or reassure the soul. Therefore the mere fact that the Capitalist doctrine is a result of a compromise in an issue which allows no such compromise is enough in itself to refute this doctrine for both those who believe in the existence of a Creator or those who deny His existence. The decisive rational evidence leads to the conclusion that there is a Creator Who created man, universe and life, and that this Creator has prescribed a system for man to follow in this life and He will account him after death on his adherence to this system. However, the issue at hand is neither to discuss the existence of the Creator nor the system which He set up for man, rather it is to discuss the Capitalist doctrine and to expose its falsehood. In this regard it is enough to establish the falsehood by the fact that this creed is a compromise between two contradictory opinions and that it is not built on reason.
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