Main findings of the report
The entire Sachar Report is available for download at various websites.[6]
Some findings are as follows: A..Sachar committee has put a lot of analysis about the Indian Muslim with "statistical reports" based on information from government agencies, banks, Indian Minority Commission, different state governments and its agencies. The major points covered in the reports are:
In the field of literacy the Committee has found that the rate among Muslims is very much below than the national average. The gap between Muslims and the general average is greater in urban areas and women. 25 per cent of children of Muslim parents in the 6-14 year age group have either never attended school or have dropped out.
Muslim parents are not averse to mainstream education or to send their children to affordable Government schools. The access to government schools for children of Muslim parents is limited.
Bidi workers, tailors and mechanics need to be provided with social safety nets and social security. The participation of Muslims in the professional and managerial cadre is low.
The average amount of bank loan disbursed to the Muslims is 2/3 of the amount disbursed to other minorities. In some cases it is half. The Reserve Bank of India’s efforts to extend banking and credit facilities under the Prime Minister’s 15-point programme of 1983 has mainly benefited other minorities marginalizing Muslims.
There is a clear and significant inverse association between the proportion of the Muslim population and the availability of educational infrastructure in small villages. Muslim concentration villages are not well served with pucca approach roads and local bus stops.
Substantially larger proportion of the Muslim households in urban areas are in the less than Rs.500 expenditure bracket.
The presence of Muslims has been found to be only 3% in the IAS, 1.8% in the IFS and 4% in the IPS.
Muslim community has a representation of only 4.5% in Indian Railways while 98.7% of them are positioned at lower levels. Representation of Muslims is very low in the Universities and in Banks. Their share in police constables is only 6%, in health 4.4%, in transport 6.5%.
For the Maulana Azad Education Foundation to be effective the corpus fund needs to be increased to 1000 crores. Total allocation in the four years 2002 to 2006 for Madarsa Modernization Scheme is 106 crores. The information regarding the Scheme has not adequately percolated down. Even if the share of Muslims in elected bodies is low they and other under represented segments can be involved in the decision making process through innovative mechanisms.
Most of the variables indicate that Muslim-OBCs are significantly deprived in comparison to Hindu-OBCs. The work participation rate (WPR) shows the presence of a sharp difference between Hindu-OBCs (67%) and the Muslims. The share of Muslim-OBCs in government/ PSU jobs is much lower than Hindu-OBCs.
There are about 5 lakh registered Wakfs with 600,000 acres (2,400 km²
land and Rs 6,000 crore book value.[7]
A summary of the report by the Officer on Special Duty to the Sachar Committee, Dr. Syed Zafar Mahmood, is also available.[8]
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Removal of Common Stereotypes
The Sachar committee helped in a big way to expose stereotypes that had been used by right wing communal groups as part of their propaganda[9]. Some of these important findings were[9]:
Only four per cent of Muslims students actually go to madrasas primarily because primary state schools do not exist for miles. Therefore, the idea that Muslims prefer madrasa education was found to be not true.
That there is “substantial demand from the community for fertility regulation and for modern contraceptives” and over 20 million couples are already use contraceptives. “Muslim population growth has slowed down as fertility has declined substantially”. This clarified and puts an end to any propaganda that there has been a Muslim conspiracy afoot since 1947 to reproduce mightily, and that a danger that the Indian Hindus will be reduced to a minority due to high birth rate of Muslims.
That Muslims wherever spoken to complained of suffering the twin calumnies of being dubbed “anti-national” and of being “appeased”. However, the Indian Muslim community as a whole had never indulged in anti-national activities and the conditions borne out by the committee's findings clearly explained that no "appeasement" had taken place.
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Summary of recommendations
The report put forward some recommendations to eliminate the situation raised for Indian Muslim. Justice Sachar explained that the upliftment minorities and implementation of these recommendations would strengthen the secular fabirc of Indian society as well as increase patriotism due to their all inclusive progress. The recommendation include:
Mechanisms to ensure equity and equality of opportunity and eliminate discrimination.
Creation of a National Data Bank (NDB) where all relevant data for various Socio Religious Communities are maintained.
Form an autonomous Assessment and Monitoring Authority to evaluate the extent of development benefits
An Equal Opportunity Commission should be constituted to look into the grievances of the deprived groups.
Elimination of the anomalies with respect to reserved constituencies under the delimitation scheme.
The idea of providing certain incentives to a diversity index should be explored to ensure equal opportunities in education, governance, private employment and housing.
A process of evaluating the content of the school textbooks needs to be initiated and institutionalized.
The UGC should evolve a system where part of the allocation to colleges and universities is linked to the diversity in the student population.
Providing hostel facilities at reasonable costs for students from minorities must be taken up on a priority basis.
The Committee recommended promoting and enhancing access to Muslims in Priority Sector Bank Advances.
The real need is of policy initiatives that improve the participation and share of the Minorities, particularly Muslims in the business of regular commercial banks.
The community should be represented on interview panels and Boards. The underprivileged should be helped to utilize new opportunities in its high growth phase through skill development and education.
Provide financial and other support to initiatives built around occupations where Muslims are concentrated and have growth potential.[7][10]
The Committee made no recommendation of “reservations” per se, but suggests that those among the minority communities who approximate in terms of social and occupational status the scheduled and backward classes among Hindus be classified as Most Backward Castes and proferred the same benefits that relevant Articles of the Constitution make available to counterparts among Hindus. [9]