Japan could have been very different.
Instead of the constant economic recessions, Japan could have been a growing economy.
For example, Germany's Volkswagen jumped at the chance to enter the Chinese car market. VW sells about three million cars annually in China.
Reference:
2014 (Full Year) China and Worldwide German Luxury Car Sales
About 15 years ago, the Chinese government invited Toyota to set up a manufacturing plant in China. The Chinese government offered land, electricity, and generous tax breaks. Toyota declined. Today, Toyota is a minor automaker in China (behind VW, GM, Ford, etc.).
Another example is that China and Australia has an FTA. In contrast, Japan is many years away from an FTA with China.
Finally, Japan's leadership is terrible at handling Sino-Japanese relations. China is the world's largest growing economy at about US$1 trillion per year. Yet, Japan's economy is stagnating. This means Japanese leaders are doing a terrible job if they can't benefit from the world's largest growing economy next door.
Japan's leaders usually take an anti-China stance. This is self-defeating. Without Chinese help, the Japanese economy will continue to stay moribund.
However, former Japanese prime minister Hashimoto made a mistake in trying to attain neutrality between China and the United States. He said that he wanted Japan to be equidistant between Beijing and Washington. That will never fly with the Americans.
In conclusion, I am still waiting for a smart Japanese prime minister. This mythical leader would pledge adherence to the Japan-US military alliance within reason and work relentlessly to build economic bridges with China. This is the only road to economic prosperity that I see for Japan. Knowing the Japanese political establishment, I am not holding my breath in waiting for the emergence of a smart Japanese prime minister.
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