Technically, Afro-Asiatic speakers don't have much of a close genetic affinity either. e.g Ashkenazi Jews cluster with other Eastern Europeans rather than Peninsular/Gulf Arabs. Same case with Maghrebis and Berbers. And do you have a source for Arabs (Peninsular and Gulf ones) being closer to Southern Europeans than Iranians? Levantines are definitely, but they are mostly Arabized.
Nobody was speaking about "Afro-Asiatic" speakers anywhere in this thread other than you. It is evident that Afro-Asiatic speakers outside of the Arab world who happen to speak languages belonging to that language family (the oldest language family in the world) have no genetic affinity (other than what binds all humans together genetically since we are all related) similar to how 95% of all Indo-European speakers have no genetic affinity best exemplified by my previous examples that you are quoting. Or similar to how Indo-European speaking Persians have no genetic affinity to Indo-European speaking Spaniards or how Indo-European speaking Sri Lankans have no genetic affinity to English-speaking Brits.
I was talking about Semitic speakers specifically who are native to the same region (Arab world), have very similar languages, have had very similar ancient civilizations and cultures (the first recorded in the world in fact) and who cluster with each other genetically more than any other outsiders to this very day.
Your information is wrong btw.
Genetic Evidence for the Expansion of Arabian Tribes into the Southern Levant and North Africa
"In a recent publication, Bosch et al. (
2001) reported on Y-chromosome variation in populations from northwestern (NW) Africa and the Iberian peninsula. They observed a high degree of genetic homogeneity among the NW African Y chromosomes of Moroccan Arabs, Moroccan Berbers, and Saharawis, leading the authors to hypothesize that “the Arabization and Islamization of NW Africa, starting during the 7th century ad, … [were] cultural phenomena without extensive genetic replacement” (p. 1023). H71 (Eu10) was found to be the second-most-frequent haplogroup in that area. Following the hypothesis of Semino et al. (
2000), the authors suggested that this haplogroup had spread out from the Middle East with the Neolithic wave of advance. Our recent findings (Nebel et al.
2000,
2001), however, suggest that the majority of Eu10 chromosomes in NW Africa are due to recent gene flow caused by the migration of Arabian tribes in the first millennium of the Common Era (ce).
In the sample of NW Africans (Bosch et al.
2001), 16 (9.1%) of the 176 Y chromosomes studied were of Eu10 (H71 on a haplogroup 9 background). Of these 16 chromosomes, 14 formed a compact microsatellite network: 7 individuals shared a single haplotype, and the haplotypes of the other 7 were one or two mutational steps removed. This low diversity may be indicative of a recent founder effect. Where did these chromosomes come from?
The highest frequency of Eu10 (30%–62.5%) has been observed so far in various Moslem Arab populations in the Middle East (Semino et al.
2000; Nebel et al.
2001). The most frequent Eu10 microsatellite haplotype in NW Africans is identical to a modal haplotype (DYS19-14, DYS388-17, DYS390-23, DYS391-11, DYS392-11, DYS393-12) of Moslem Arabs who live in a small area in the north of Israel, the Galilee (Nebel et al.
2000). This haplotype, which is present in the Galilee at 18.5%, was termed the modal haplotype of the Galilee (MH Galilee) (Nebel et al. 2000). Notably, it is absent from two distinct non-Arab Middle Eastern populations, Jews and Muslim Kurds, both of whom have significant Eu10 frequencies—18% and 12%, respectively (Nebel et al.
2001). Interestingly, this modal haplotype is also the most frequent haplotype (11 [∼41%] of 27 individuals) in the population from the town of Sena, in Yemen (Thomas et al.
2000). Its single-step neighbor is the most common haplotype of the Yemeni Hadramaut sample (5 [∼10%] of 49 chromosomes; Thomas et al.
2000). The presence of this particular modal haplotype at a significant frequency in three separate geographic locales (NW Africa, the Southern Levant, and Yemen) makes independent genetic-drift events unlikely.
It should be noted that the Yemeni samples (Thomas et al.
2000) were not typed for the binary markers (p12f2 and M172) that define Eu10. However, both Yemeni modal haplotypes are present on a haplogroup background compatible with Eu10. These haplotypes carry a DYS388 allele with a high number of repeats (i.e., 17). High repeat numbers of DYS388, ⩾15, were found to occur almost exclusively on Hg9, which comprises Eu9 and Eu10. Furthermore, in a sample of a six Middle Eastern populations, chromosomes with 17 repeats are frequent (40%) in Eu10 and rare (7%) in Eu9 (Nebel et al.
2001).
The term “Arab,” as well as the presence of Arabs in the Syrian desert and the Fertile Crescent, is first seen in the Assyrian sources from the 9th century bce (Eph'al
1984). Originally referring to nomads of central and northern Arabia, the term “Arabs” later came to include the sedentary population of the south, which had its own language and culture. The term thus covers two different stocks that became linguistically and culturally unified yet retained consciousness of their discrete origins (Grohmann et al.
1960; Rentz
1960; Caskel
1966, pp. 19–47; Goldziher
1967, pp. 45–97, 164–190; Beeston
1995; also see Peters
1999). Migrations of southern Arabian tribes northwards have been recorded mainly since the 3d century ce. These tribes settled in various places in central and northern Arabia, as well as in the Fertile Crescent, including areas that are now part of Israel (Dussaud
1955; Ricci
1984). The emergence of Islam in the 7th century ce furthered the unification of the Arabian tribal populations. This unified Arab-Islamic community engaged in a large movement of expansion, the Fertile Crescent and Egypt being the first areas to have been conquered. It is very difficult to trace the tribal composition of the Muslim armies, but it is known that tribes of Yemeni origin formed the bulk of those Muslim contingents that conquered Egypt in the middle of the 7th century ce. Egypt was the primary base for raids further west into the Maghrib. The conquest of North Africa was difficult and took a few decades to complete (Abun-Nasr
1987). The region was militarily and administratively attached to Egypt until the beginning of the 8th century ce. Arab tribes of northern origin entered North Africa as well, both as troops and as migrants. A major wave of migration of such tribes, the Banu Hilal and Banu Sulaym, occurred during the 11th century ce (Abun-Nasr
1987). Thus, the Arabs, both southern (Yemeni) and northern, added to the heterogeneous Maghribi ethnic melting pot.
Little is known of the origins of the indigenous population of the Maghrib, the Berbers, except that they have always been a composite people. After the 8th century ce, a process of Arabization affected the bulk of the Berbers, while the Arab-Islamic culture and population absorbed local elements as well. Under the unifying framework of Islam, on the one hand, and as a result of the Arab settlement, on the other, a fusion took place that resulted in a new ethnocultural entity all over the Maghrib. In addition, Berber tribes sometimes claimed Arab descent in order to enhance their prestige. For example, the Berber nomadic tribe of the western Sahara, the Lamtuna, claimed descent from one of the South Arabian eponyms, Himyar. One of the chiefs of this Berber tribe, Lamtuna, is sometimes referred to as Saharawi, meaning “one of the nomads” or “one who comes from the Sahara” (Ibn al-Athir
1898, p. 462; Ibn Khallikan
1972, pp. 113, 128–129; Lewicki
1986). In Arabic sources, however, the name Saharawi is seldom used and does not seem to refer to a specific genealogical group. In light of these historical data, it is not surprising to find, among the Berbers and contemporary Saharawis of northern Africa, Y chromosomes that may have been introduced by recurrent waves of invaders from the Arabian Peninsula.
These documented historical events, together with the finding of a particular Eu10 haplotype in Yemenis, Palestinians, and NW Africans, are suggestive of a recent common origin of these chromosomes. Remarkably, the only non-Arabs in whom this haplotype has been observed to date are the Berbers (Bosch et al.
2001). It appears that the Eu10 chromosome pool in NW Africa is derived not only from early Neolithic dispersions but also from recent expansions from the Arabian peninsula.
American Society of Human Genetics"
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC379148/
Also I was not aware of their being an "Arab" or "North African" genome considering the fact that all haplogroups predate all living ethnic groups by millennia and given that all ethnic groups are social constructs.
Anyway this runs contrary to ground realities which show the following:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_J_(Y-DNA)
Basically across the entire Arab world (which shares a millennia long common Semitic and Afro-Asiatic history and ancestry that predates the Neolithic period and all existing ethnic groups in the Arab world) the same haplogroups are found. The only difference is their frequency but Arabs cluster with each other more than any other people on all genetic tests which is not strange given history.
Genetics
Haplogroup J and
E1b1b are the most frequent Y-DNA haplogroups in the Arab world.
E1b1b is the most frequent paternal clade among the populations in the western part of the Arab world (Maghreb, Nile Valley and Horn of Africa), whereas haplogroup
J is the most frequent paternal clade toward the east (Arabian peninsula and Near East). Other less common haplogroups are
R1a,
R1b,
G,
I,
L and
T.
[304][305][306][307][308][309][310][311][312][313][314][315][316]
J-M267
J-M172
E-M215
Listed here are the
human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups in
Arabian peninsula,
Mashriq/
Levant,
Maghreb and
Nile Valley.
[317][318][319][320][321][322][323] Yemeni Arabs J(82.3%),
E1b1b (12.9%) and
E1b1a (3.2%).
[324][325] Saudi Arabs J1 (58%),
E1b1b(7.6%),
E1b1a (7.6%),
R1a (5.1%),
T (5.1%), G (3.2%) and L (1.9%).
[326][327] Emirati Arabs J (45.1%),
E1b1b (11.6%),
R1a (7.3%),
E1b1a (5.5%),
T(4.9%),
R1b (4.3%) and
L (3%).
[324] Omani Arabs J (47.9%), E1b1b (15.7%), R1a (9.1%), T (8.3%), E1b1a (7.4%), R1b (1.7%), G (1.7%) and L (0.8%).
[328] Qatari Arabs J (66.7%), R1a (6.9%), E1b1b (5.6%), E1b1a (2.8%), G (2.8%) and L (2.8%).
[329][330] Lebanese Arabs J (45.2%), E1b1b (25.8%), R1a (9.7%), R1b (6.4%),
G,
I and
I (3.2%), (3.2%), (3.2%).
[331] Syrian Arabs J (58.3%),
[332][333] E1b1b (12.0%),
I(5.0%),
R1a (10.0%) and
R1b 15.0%.
[331][333] Palestinian Arabs J (55.2%), E1b1b (20.3%), R1b (8.4%),
I(6.3%),
G (7%),
R1a and
T (1.4%), (1.4%).
[334][335] Jordanian Arabs J (43.8%), E1b1b (26%), R1b (17.8%),
G (4.1%),
I (3.4%) and
R1a (1.4%).
[336] Iraqi Arabs J (50.6%),
E1b1b (10.8%), R1b (10.8%), R1a (6.9%) and T (5.9%).
[337][338] Egyptian Arabs E1b1b (36.7%) and
J (32%),
G (8.8%),
T (8.2%
R1b (4.1%),
E1b1a (2.8%) and
I(0.7%).
[319][339] Sudanese Arabs J (47.1%),
E1b1b (16.3%),
R1b (15.7%) and
I(3.13%).
[340][341] Moroccan Arabs E1b1b (75.5%) and J1 (20.4%).
[342][343] Tunisian ArabsE1b1b(49.3%),
J1 (35.8%),
R1b (6.8%) and
E1b1a (1.4%).
[344] Algerian Arabs E1b1b (54%),
J1 (35%),
R1b(13%).
[344] Libyan Arabs E1b1b (35.88%), J (30.53%), E1b1a (8.78%),
G (4.20%), R1a/R1b (3.43%) and E (1.53%).
[345][346]
The mtDNA haplogroup
J has been observed at notable frequencies among overall populations in the Arab world.
[347] The maternal clade
R0 reaches its highest frequency in the Arabian peninsula,
[348] while
K and
T(specifically subclade T2) is more common in the
Levant.
[347] In the Nile Valley and Horn of Africa, haplogroups
N1and
M1;
[348] in the Maghreb, haplogroups
H1 and
U6 are more significant.
[349]
There are four principal West Eurasian autosomal DNA components that characterize the populations in the Arab world: the Arabian, Levantine, Coptic and Maghrebi components.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabs#Genetics
Another thing, Arabs and Berbers are closely related people and where that long before the Arab conquests, expansion and Islam. As all genetic tests confirm. Let alone linguistic and cultural similarities.
Haplogroup J and E are those that dominate the Arab world and surprise, surprise, those two haplogroups are found at its highest frequencies in
all as in all, Arab countries and populations.
Not only that almost everyone in the Arab world identifies as an Arab and follows Arab culture, excluding closely related fellow Semitic and Afro-Asiatic peoples, which is the most important thing, even if we assume that there was no genetic relation, which is obviously the case.
You go and tell an Libyan Arab that he is not an Arab and see the reaction, lol.
We share language, Islamic history as well as ancient pre-Islamic history, ancestry, culture, religion (s), geography, cuisine, climate and we look alike, excluding our Afro-Arab minorities.
I guess more than 99% of all other ethnic groups.
Case closed and we are off-topic too.