S. Martin
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Answers to each of your questions:
Can anyone advise what's the function of NSG?
NSG is nuclear supplier group to control global nuclear commerce which includes two parts:
1. Nuclear fuel export/import.
2. Nuclear technologies like enrichment, reprocessing export/import.
Why Inida would like to join it?
Benefits of NSG membership for India:
1. Secure India's NSG waiver against any future attempts to nullify it by changing NSG charter.
2. Greater prospects for UNSC membership
Why China oppose India join?
1. Allowing India NSG membership would seal any chance of China to nullify India's NSG waiver
India NSG waiver allow India to import much needed Uranium for civilian power generation, thereby freeing up its own 80,000 tons of Uranium reserves specifically for nuclear weapons, which threaten China. In other word, this allow India to have a larger nuclear arsenal more easily.
2. China also believes India NSG membership will put India on equal footing with China on global organizations.
Thanks for your comments. Besides your analysis, I have some other thoughts. For the benefits of joining NSG, it may include India can get nuclear materials and advanced nuclear technologies more easily? And these nuclear materials and technologies can be transferred to military utilization by some kinds of means. I'm not sure about this. If it's true, I think that's main cause why China oppose India to join NSG. China feels not safe when see her neighbour develops nuclear weapons. This is same as the case that China oppose North Korea to develop neclear technology and neclear weapons, although China have tranditional very good relationship with DPRK. Afterall, no country would like to see his neighbour develop nuclear weapons which is the known most tremendously threatens to humankind. Right? What Will Indian friends feel when see his neighour develop nuclear weapons?
I check out the Chinese spokeman's statement about this issue, it says that the meeting didn't discuss the topic about non-NPT sigantories join NSG, so there is no opposal or agreement. It seems the Chinese government carefully denys the opposal?
I feel pity to see that the relationship between China and India turns bad again. Last week, when I saw the news that India and Pakistan to join the SCO, I really feel happy about it. I hope to see my country have good relationships with neighours. But now, things change so fast.