中国防雷护具选入联合国维和装备 广泛用于扫雷维和部队
2013年09月23日12:53
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Credit: mil.huanqiu.com
Credit: Sohu
潘基文与每名扫雷作业手握手- 陶国庆 摄
Ban Ki-moon shakes hands with each of our Mine-Sweepers during their minesweeping operations
Tao Guoqing photo
  
  
国际在线报道(记者 王智达):据国际红十字会上世纪90年代的统计表明:有1.2亿颗地雷分布于全球64个国家,每2分钟就会有人因地雷致死或致残。无论是在遍布未爆炸炮弹的黎以临时停火线雷区,还是在地雷密度达到3600枚/平方公里的中国云南千余公里的边防线上,都有中国的扫雷官兵不畏艰险认真排雷的身影。他们为了当地百姓不受地雷的威胁而常年与危险相伴,又由谁来保证这些可爱的战士们的安全?现代战争中机械化部队推进迅速,野战救护如何能“跟得上、救得下”?近日,国际在线记者走进第三军医大学第三附属医院野战外科研究所,寻找是谁为战士们铸造生命盾牌。
  1997年,中国在云南边境拉开了第二次大扫雷序幕。在一次扫雷中,战士侯伟杰右脚踩响了一枚防步兵地雷,强烈的爆震将他掀起一尺多高。但触雷后的侯伟杰除了大脚趾内侧有一点轻微撕裂外,没有其他任何地方受伤。保护他的是脚上的那双防雷鞋,侯伟杰也成为世界上穿防雷鞋触雷而安全无恙的第一人。承担制作这款防雷鞋的某工厂高级工程师陈绍先向记者展示了经过改良的第二代防雷鞋,它看起来像是一双高腰雪地靴,只是鞋底比普通雪地靴要厚一些。但陈邵先说,这双看似“貌不惊人”的鞋却涉及生物医学、力学、材料学、结构学等多门学科。
  陈绍先说:“它的底是个橡胶底,底的上层是个海绵的一些东西,再加一个V型板,这个设计可以在鞋底压在地雷时可以防止地雷的爆炸或降低。”
  目前,该系列扫雷防护装具已达到世界最先进水平,不仅作为后勤卫生装备首次列入全军作战装备序列,还被联合国列为扫雷维和行动指定装备,在26个国家的扫雷维和部队中广泛使用。这些防雷护具的的设计者、第三军医大学第三附属医院野战外科研究所研究员李曙光说,别看防雷鞋看起来不大,但可称为战士们的“生命盾牌”。“如果(战士)穿了(我们的)防雷鞋,如果触发了210克TNT当量防步兵地雷,不会产生截肢性损伤,也就是说不会致残。210克TNT是什么概念呢?52克就可以把墙炸穿,210克TNT当量在屋子里都可以把屋子炸塌了。从目前来讲,世界上除了我们之外,还没有能抵抗210克TNT当量的防雷鞋能不产生截肢性伤害。”
  由于现代战争破坏力极强,战斗中大面积伤亡的可能性也随之增大,以前肩扛手抬救治伤员的模式已不能适应未来战场。如何在战场上实施安全迅速的有效救治,成为现代战争卫勤保障的重要课题。野战外科研究所研究员肖南向记者介绍说:“在现在的战场上,救治是分阶段的。我们把伤员送到下一阶段。这是第一棒,而且是所有后续救治的基础。第一棒一个是要挽救生命,一个是防止并发症的发生。比如伤员休克,如果早期不给他输液的话,那后面多器官功能衰竭可能就会出现,如果那时候再救有可能就来不及了。如果第一棒我们做好了,后面就简单多了。”
  而李曙光研制的最新型装甲救护车的出现,恰恰保证了这最关键的第一棒的交接。据介绍,这种装甲救护车在救护能力、舱室微环境质量等方面已经达到世界先进水平。李曙光说,随着现代战争中部队作战的机动性越来越强,装甲救护车已经成为解决作战中伴随保障的关键装备。“在战争环境下,人力的资源是非常宝贵的。伴随保障就是高度机械化条件下的快速转换,我们要跟随保障上去,上去以后要跟得上、救得了。尽量围绕着一线紧急救治,维持和监测生命体征,并在稳定条件下实现快速护送,护送下来再进一步处理。”
  作为首席科学家,李曙光目前正承担“人体防护工程”这一全军重大科研项目,他希望尽己所能多研制出几件卫勤装备,多抢救一名战士生命。“从工科到学医、再到现在的生物医学工程与卫生装备研究,我知道战场的残酷和怎样去防护。对于救护,对于战士的生命,得有人管。以人为本的理念,会落实的越来越好。尤其是在未来战争中,会体现得越来越明显。从装备研究和其他科研,心里面都要时刻装着战士。”
China selected as suppliers for equipment and machinery for UN's Peacekeeping Forces and Mine-sweepers
At 12:53 on September 23, 2013
International Online reports ( Reporter Wang iT ) : According to the International Red Cross in the 1990s , statistics show that : There are 120 million landmines located in 64 countries worldwide , every two minutes someone killed or maimed by landmines . Whether in Lebanon throughout the unexploded shells minefield a temporary ceasefire line , or in the mines density of 3,600 / sq km in Yunnan, China more than a thousand kilometers of border line , there is a serious danger in China mine clearance men 's figure . They are not mine to the local people and the perennial threat of dangerous companions, who is going to ensure that these adorable soldiers safe ? Rapid advance of modern mechanized warfare , field ambulance how can " keep up, save to be the next " ? Recently, the International Online reporter walked into the Third Affiliated Hospital , Third Military Medical University, Institute of Field Surgery , is looking for the soldiers who will cast life shield.
In 1997, China opened the border in Yunnan, the second largest mine off . In a mine , the soldiers Hou Weijie right foot rang an anti- personnel mines , a strong knock him off a foot tall . But after Hou Weijie mined inside of the big toe apart from a slight tear , and no other injuries anywhere . Protect his lightning shoes is a pair of feet , Hou Weijie also become the world's shoes to wear lightning hit a mine and the first person safe and sound . The mine produced shoes bear a factory engineer Shao- Xian Xiang showed reporters a second generation of improved lightning shoes , it looks like one pair of high waist snow boots, snow boots, but the sole is thicker than the average number of . But Chen Shao said that this pair seems to be " not look " shoes but involves biomedical, mechanics, materials science , structural science and many other subjects .
Shao- first said : "It 's the end of a rubber sole, the upper end of something is a sponge , plus a V plate, this design can be the sole when the pressure in the mines to prevent mine explosions or lower ."
Currently, the series demining protective equipment has reached the world's advanced level, not only as a medical equipment logistics army combat equipment was first included in the sequence , is also the United Nations as sweeping Levy and actions specified equipment in 26 countries, is widely used in mine peacekeepers . The designers of these lightning protectors , Third Affiliated Hospital , Third Military Medical University, Institute of Field Surgery Fellow Li Shuguang said that though lightning shoes seem small, but the soldiers can be called "life shield ." "If ( the soldiers ) wear ( our ) lightning shoes , if triggered 210 grams of TNT equivalent anti- personnel mines , no amputation injury , that is not disabled. 210 g TNT is the concept of what ? 52 g can be ripped through the wall , 210 grams of TNT equivalent in the house can be the house Zhata from the current situation, in addition to our world , but also not able to withstand 210 g TNT equivalent of the mine can not produce shoes amputation injuries . "
As modern warfare highly destructive , fighting large area also increases the likelihood of casualties , hand-carried to treat the injured shoulder before the model can not satisfy the future battlefield. How to implement security on the battlefield rapidly effective treatment , medical support of modern warfare important issue . Researcher at the Institute of Field Surgery Xiaonan said to reporters : "In the current battlefield, where a phased and we put the wounded to the next stage which is the first bar , and is the basis for all subsequent treatment of the first stick one is to save lives, one is to prevent the occurrence of complications , such as the wounded shock, do not give him a transfusion if early , then later of multiple organ failure may occur , if there is time to do it again may be too late if we do the first leg , followed by much simpler . "
The latest model developed by Li Shuguang armored ambulance appeared , precisely to ensure that the most critical first great transition. According to reports, this armored ambulance rescue capability , cabin micro- environmental quality has reached the world advanced level. Li Shuguang said that with modern warfare growing mobility of troops , armored ambulance has become resolved combat accompanying critical equipment. "In the context of war , human resources are invaluable. Accompanying support is highly mechanized rapid conversion under the conditions that we have to follow security go up, go up later to keep up, they save far as possible around the front-line emergency treatment , maintenance and monitoring of vital signs , and in a stable condition for fast escorts, escort down further treatment . "
As chief scientist, Li Shuguang currently undertaking "Human Protection Engineering " This army major research projects , he hopes to do our best to develop a few more medical support equipment, and more life to rescue a soldier . "From engineering to medical school, to the current biomedical engineering and medical equipment research, I know how to battle cruelty and protection for rescue and for the lives of the soldiers , was one tube . People-oriented concept, will increasingly be implemented better , especially in future wars , will be reflected in more and more clearly from the research and other scientific equipment , must always filled my heart warrior . "