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Battle of Marathon 490 BCE

The modern day pashtuns are thought to be descended from the hepthalites.They still maintain a similar tribal structure,the ethnic name abdal was hepthalite..the name of the largest tribal union among pashtuns is abdali.
The nuristani[a caucasain people of afganisthan are thought to be direct descendants of alexanders soldiers and the bactrian greeks]
 
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The modern day pashtuns are thought to be descended from the hepthalites.They still maintain a similar tribal structure,the ethnic name abdal was hepthalite..the name of the largest tribal union among pashtuns is abdali.
The nuristani[a caucasain people of afganisthan are thought to be direct descendants of alexanders soldiers and the bactrian greeks]

Herodotus mentioned a tribe named Pactyans living in roughly the same region as today's Afghanistan. They are also mentioned in Rig Veda (Pakthas) as one of the tribes who fought in Battle of Ten Kings (LOTR comes in mind :lol:)
 
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Yes , and thank you , I think the saka formed the bulk of cavalry back then , but like I suggested I think there's a close kinship between the saka and Persians , Persians were descendants of sakas who migrated into the Iranian plateau during the so called Iranian heroic age.



pardon me , but I think the kushanis only formed part of the scythians , they were indo-scythians , the saka for example had their roots in current central asia so one could say they were not indo scythians.

What does groan mean? it is of course my own very theory that the sakas of central asia were the Aryans who descended into the Iranian plateau well before the achamenid era , that is why I belive there's a close kinship between Persians and the saka .

Though i'm always more than fascinated to hear from an expert on this chapter of history

I'm really a sucker for this.

Listen carefully then, to the story of your ancestors and perhaps mine.

First, the ethnicity. The ethnicity of these steppe dwellers was mixed, in all probability; the fact that they all spoke varieties of Aryan languages did not mean that they were identical in ethnicity.

What we do know is that there was an older language than either the Vedic, or the Iranian, and that was Indo-Iranian, a branch of the Proto-Indo-European. Vedic is known to us through the three, later four Vedas, and was transmuted to a rigidly defined artificial language called the Polished language, or Sanskrit, by a grammarian of true genius, among the greatest minds of the human race, Panini.

Meanwhile, the Iranian-speakers settled into what is today Iran, but they settled as three different tribes, the Persians, the Parthians and the Medes, and it was the Medes whom we see first on the pages of history; Daniel the prophet told Nebuchadnezzar, Mene mene tekel upharsin, "Thou art tried in the balance and found wanting. Thy kingdom is given over to the Medes and the Persians." And if we believe legend, Darius the Mede slew the Babylonian King and took power.

The Scythians, the people of Sogdiana, spoke a variety of Iranian called east Iranian. The descent of Modern Persian, or Iranian, comes from a number of sources, and it is a complicated story. For the purposes of explaining your account, it was not that the Persians were the descendants of the Scythians, they were two different tribes, or rather, a tribe, the Persians, and a collection of tribes, the Scythians.

Regarding your mention of the 'Kushanis', the Kushans were not Iranian at all. They belonged to a blonde and red-haired people, great horsemen, who lived far out in the desert from Ferghana, and were under threat in the last three centuries BC from the ferocious Hiong Nu. In stages, they crumbled before the relentless attacks of the Hiong Nu, and were driven out of their land. In the first stage, they took over the Sogdian steppes, and drove the Scythians south and west, overthrowing the Bactrian Greeks, and finding temporary respite. Soon, the Kushans faced renewed pressure from the Hiong Nu, and pushed further south and west, again displacing the Scythians, who then moved into southern Afghanistan, the Indus Valley and as far east as Gujarat and Rajasthan. The Kushans themselves came east soon thereafter, and ruled over a mighty empire ranging from Afghanistan in the west to Mathura in the east. They were shown in their statues as sharp- (and long)nosed horsemen, wearing trousers and long, skirted coats, and ruled in the border country for several generations.

I hope that clarifies matters.

Thanks for correction.

Chandragupta II had a war with a tribe called Sakas in 6th century AD. After he defeated their confederacy of Malwa, Saurashtra and Gujarat , he took the title "Sakari" meaning "Destroyer of the Sakas" and commisioned the Iron Pillar. From what I read these Sakas were Central Asians so I always thought they descended from Kushans.



:lol: I meant to say Buddha was born around 500 BC. Pardon me for wrong usage of english.

Correct facts, wrong conclusion.

The Sakas did rule in the Gujarat, Rajasthan and Malwa areas, and their Kshatrapas were defeated by Chandragupta. And they did come from central Asia, as did the Kushans. But they and the Kushans were two different people.
 
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And if we believe legend, Darius the Mede slew the Babylonian King and took power.

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Well according to Wikipedia , darius was known as "the great" solely because he was a Persian , as opposed to cyrus who was a mede ; but otherwise I would agree with you it was darius who conquered Babylon not cyrus , cyrus' account are half fiction , he probably wasn't killed by a Scythian queen either...
 
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lol you guys are hard core historian.............

I think I have to read up a lot, cannot compare...........
 
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Well according to Wikipedia , darius was known as "the great" solely because he was a Persian , as opposed to cyrus who was a mede ; but otherwise I would agree with you it was darius who conquered Babylon not cyrus , cyrus' account are half fiction , he probably wasn't killed by a Scythian queen either...

Darius the mede isn't the same as darius I ,king of kings or darius the great.Darius the mede is a biblical figure if i recall.
And cyrus/kurush did die in a battle against the massagatae ,at least thats the most popular version.Other versions include death at the hands of dahae[another scythian tribe] or while putting down a revolt.What we do know was that he didn't die peacefully,otherwise he would have named a succesor and the succession war that followed resulted in the rise of the general cambyses,who later took the name darius I.
Also it was cyrus who conquered babylon.
Cyrus is usually recognized as the world's first great empire builder.He was also famous for abolishing slavery and declaring a human rights proclamation of sorts.He had a strong centralized administration but never interfered directly with conquered areas.His death was mourned all over the empire.

Legacy of cyrus-

Cyrus has been a personal hero to many people, including: Thomas Jefferson, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and David Ben-Gurion.[76]

In scope and extent his achievements ranked far above that of the Macedonian king,
Alexander who was to demolish the empire in the 320s but fail to provide
any stable alternative.
—Charles Freeman in 'The Greek Achievement'[77]

The achievements of Cyrus the Great throughout antiquity are reflected in the way he is remembered today. His own nation, the Iranians, have regarded him as "The Father", the very title that had been used during the time of Cyrus himself, by the many nations that he conquered, as according to Xenophon:[78]
“ "And those who were subject to him, he treated with esteem and regard, as if they were his own children, while his subjects themselves respected Cyrus as their 'Father' ... What other man but 'Cyrus', after having overturned an empire, ever died with the title of 'The Father' from the people whom he had brought under his power? For it is plain fact that this is a name for one that bestows, rather than for one that takes away!" ”

The Babylonians regarded him as "The Liberator".[79]

The Book of Ezra narrates a story of the first return of exiles in the first year of Cyrus; for this, Cyrus is addressed in the Jewish Tanakh as the "Lord's Messiah". Glorified by Ezra, and by Isaiah, Cyrus is the one to whom "Yahweh, the God of heaven" has given "all the Kingdoms of the earth".[80]

Cyrus was distinguished equally as a statesman and as a soldier. Due in part to the political infrastructure he created, the Achaemenid empire endured long after his death.

The rise of Persia under Cyrus's rule had a profound impact on the course of world history. Iranian philosophy, literature and religion all played dominant roles in world events for the next millennium. Despite the Islamic conquest of Persia in the 7th century CE by the Islamic Caliphate, Persia continued to exercise enormous influence in the Middle East during the Islamic Golden Age, and was particularly instrumental in the growth and expansion of Islam.

Many of the Iranian dynasties following the Achaemenid empire and their kings saw themselves as the heirs to Cyrus the Great and have claimed to continue the line begun by Cyrus.[81][82] However there are different opinions among scholars whether this is also the case for the Sassanid Dynasty.[83]

Alexander the Great was himself infatuated with and admired Cyrus the Great, from an early age reading Xenophon's Cyropaedia, which described Cyrus's heroism in battle and governance and his abilities as a king and a legislator.[84] During his visit to Pasargadae he ordered Aristobulus to decorate the interior of the sepulchral chamber of his tomb.[84]

According to Professor Richard Nelson Frye, Cyrus – whose abilities as conqueror and administrator Frye says are attested by the longevity and vigor of the Achaemenian empire – held an almost mythic role among the Persian people "similar to that of Romulus and Remus in Rome or Moses for the Israelites", with a story that "follows in many details the stories of hero and conquerors from elsewhere in the ancient world".[85] Frye writes, "He became the epitome of the great qualities expected of a ruler in antiquity, and he assumed heroic features as a conqueror who was tolerant and magnanimous as well as brave and daring. His personality as seen by the Greeks influenced them and Alexander the Great, and, as the tradition was transmitted by the Romans, may be considered to influence our thinking even now."[85]

On another account, Professor Patrick Hunt states, "If you are looking at the greatest personages in History who have affected the World, 'Cyrus the Great' is one of the few who deserves that epithet, the one who deserves to be called 'the Great'. The empire over which Cyrus ruled was the largest the Ancient World had ever seen and may be to this day the largest empire ever."

Personally i consider cyrus to be among the great emperors of history.
 
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Sorry I know its a game and the wrong thread.... but this is too awesome not to post here^^
 
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What many forget is that Persia's navy at that time was merely represented by Phoenicians.
 
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What many forget is that Persia's navy at that time was merely represented by Phoenicians.

troll , Kurdish troll , ...............

What many forget is that Persia's navy at that time was merely represented by Phoenicians.

You have a grudge against Persians , that makes you no different than the turks you so claim to fight :P , of course in Holland they're all ignorant so they keep calling you Persian all the time :P
 
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^ Look it up, fool. Phoenicians represented Persia's navy at that time.
 
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^ Look it up, fool. Phoenicians represented Persia's navy at that time.

I know they did , but that doesn't change the fact that you are a Kurdish troll too angry why you're not as white as your fellow kurds in Amsterdam :lol:
 
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