Here is some information about Dhruv by user K prasad from BR.
He got this information fron AERO-INDIA 09
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AeroSeminar talk by Dr. Prasad Sampath, HAL Chief Designer of the Rotary Wing R&D Centre (RWR&D Centre).
Please forgive if a lot of this info was already in public... just recapping and adding in full, in case there are some new tidbits.
HAL Heli division started in 1970 in HAL Barrackpore (now is located in Bangalore only). It has first produced Alouettes and Lamas under license. It has since produced 347 Chetaks, 275 Cheetahs under license, of which 395 are in service now.
The breakup of active Helos are
Cheetah - 45 IAF + 127 Army = Total 172
Chetak - 87 IAF + 55 Army + 64 Navy + 17 Coast Guard = Total 223
The Cheetah was re-engined with the Turbomeca TM3332B in 2001, called the cheetal and set the world record of 25150 ft on Nov 04. Based on the success of that program, the Navy asked for reengining of the Chetaks, called Chetans.
Coming to the ALH, the project was launched with MBB as consultants. The design was initially a single engine, but later became a twin engine based on changed force requirements.
PV1 flew = August 1992.
Military certification = 2001
Civil Certification (DGCA) = 2002
The features of the ALH are:
- Multi-role, multi-misison
- All weather op
- FADEC control
- Hingeless main rotor and Bearingless tail rotor -
the main rotor is the stiffest in existance today, which gives the ALH superb maneuverability and lot of lift, as the Sarangs demonstrate {{with teh LCH also sharing the rotor, imagine the possibilities}}
Hot Weather Trials - Jodhpur
Hot & Cold Weather Trials - Leh, Sarsawa, Manasbal
Ferry ranges of over 2000 km have been achieved (I guess this was with staging, but it demonstrates the Dhruv's long endurance and low maintenance capability):
Bangalore - leh = 2345 km
In South America, from Santiego, they travelled OVER 3000 km, over high altitudes, and across the mountainous terrain, with no glitches and faults. The South Americans were highly impressed.
Right now, the Dhruvs are in service with -
PV = 5 nos
Military = 74 nos = 40 Army + 22 AF + 8 IN
RNA (Nepal) = 3 nos
Ecuador = 2 nos (the remaining 5 were delivered in AI)
Civilian Operators = 6 nos
There are currently 5 tranches - PV, Mk1 to Mk4.
Mk4 is the WSI Dhruv.
PV -
- 5 nos in operation
- Conventional cockpit
- TM 333 2B1 engine (648 kW power)
- Vibration reduction using ARIS (Active Resonance Isolation System)
Mk 1
- 56 in service
- Conventional cockpit
- TM 333 2B2 engine (705 kW)
Mk2:
- Glass Cockpit (Basic)
- 17 in service
- TM 333 2B2 engine
- Mk 1 and Mk2 had both ARIS + FRAHM vibration reduction. FRAHM is an active vibration cancellation system, and was sourced from Lourds Corp, USA (I hope the spelling is correct - may be wrong though).
- Mk.2 onwards also had a vibration monitoring system, in order for the FRAHM to work. Mk2 had a Mk.1 VMS.
Mk3:
- Glass Cockpit (Advanced, with Israeli Avionics)
- 17 in service
- 3 more are planned for induction in the 08-09 period
- Shakti Engine (871 kW)
Prasad Sampath mentioned that one Dhruv was coming in directly from Leh to Bangalore to take part in the Air show, and would be flying down - another indicator of the ruggedness of the machine.
Mk4:
- This is the WSI Dhruv
- Has a full glass cockpit
- None in service yet, but 159 are planned for induction in the 09-10 period.
- Shakti engine.
- Mk 3 and WSI have an ARIS + AVCS vibration reduction
AVCS = Active Vibration Control System
It(AVCS) is an indigenously developed system, and is better than the FRAHM from US. It has been successfully trialled, and is now flight qualified.
Along with the AVCS, Mk3 and 4 have a new, upgraded Mk.2 VMS which is being currently tuned for flight operations.
The 2nd generation AVCS is almost done (I dont remember if it has been integrated already). The advantages over the 1st gen are:
- reduced wt from 80 kg to 55 kg
- Expandable
- fault tolerant
- Robust to EMI
It consists of
- Biaxial force generators (for the active cancellation) - 7 are used on the helo - #2 below the nose, and #7 close to the rotor.
- Sensors (Accelerometers)
- System Controller
- Wiring Harness
- Power supply.
The WSI Dhruv will have the following weapons suite:
- ATAM
- Rocket Pod
- 20 mm Nexter turret gun
- A2G missile
- ATGMs
As of now, the Gun and Rockets have been fired (a video was shown)...
they were very worried that the gun would cause excess recoil and vibrations, but wonder of wonders, when the gun fired, there was almost zero recoil, and nothing was felt in the cockpit (the video also showed this, and the helo was completely steady).
Gun trials were conducted in Sep 08 in Nasik.
Rockets were fired at ITR Chandipur in Nov 08
Other systems include:
- Datalink (will be added)
- HPS (Helmet)
- An EO pod (Has been tested)
- EW suite (tested successfully)
As of now, it is clear that the non-WSI dhruv may end, since the forces have ordered large numbers of WSI dhruvs, and less Mk3 dhruvs. However, the Mk3 will definitely have foreign sales.
Asked about sales to Burma, he said there was no confirmation, and he wasn't aware of any such offer... got very worried if i was a journo or what.
Asked if they were looking for an mmW sensor, he said that that was not on their radars at the moment, but would look at it if the forces asked for one.... he did mention that the tech had to be developed for that first.