The letters between Caliph Omer and Persian emporer..

[Spring Onion]

Battle of al- Qadisyyah and Battle of Nahavand were two of the most important battles fought between the Rashidun caliphate and the Persian Empire (Sassanian Dynasty). These two battles had crippled the conventional military force of the Persian empire. The Rashidun caliphate sent in reinforcement to Pars and other Persian territories and resistance was crushed and brutally dealt with. The Rashidun caliphate freely roamed the Persian empire after that, like how the Wehrmacht paraded in Paris. As for Yazdegerd III he was helpless and fled the scene of many battles and escaped several attempts by the Rashidun caliphate to capture him alive. He fled eastward as far as Merv, Turkmenistan he was so desperate he had actually pleaded to the Turkic ruler in Merv for military assistance against the Rashidun caliphate. I'm unclear about his death but it is believed Yazdegerd III was killed there in Merv after quarrels between him and the Turkic ruler of Merv.


Yazdegerd III should have assessed his military capabilities better he underestimates the Rashidun caliphate dismissing them as an army of bedouins when realistically they had become a relatively disciplined and trained force which deployed in tactical units, each unit with a specific task under clear command, the early Arab generals were the difference makers in those wars and battles against the Persians.


This of course wouldn't be the first time a Persian ruler severely miscalculated and underestimated his opponent and enemy, Emperor Darius did the same with Alexander II, he like centuries before Yazdegerd also fled eastward to escape the wrath of the invading army. Same blunders, same consequences. Persian Empire suffered from a long period of stagnation and failed to adapt to the new world around them.

moreover the defeat was not started with battle of qadsiyya but it was already started when Roman and Parthian (later Sassanid) empires relied on small Arab principalities for protection however the Christians felling down to internal conflict when Ghassanids converted Monophysite form of Christianity thus irked the Byzantine Orthodox Church.

the other small independent arab principality Lakhmids also revolted against the Persian king and Muslims were all over there in the due process leading to a whitewash of Persian empire.

 

[AUz]

Then the russian genocide in afghanistan was indeed an invitation of light to the people of afghanistan who lived in the darkness of feudal islam.Nothing wrong with that though...

The only problem is that evidence defies this.

Islam has been one of the, or arguably THE, most influential major historical force in whole human history...Before Islam, Persians were butchering romans and vice versa. Arabs were burring their daughters...and tribes were slaughtering each..

After the rise of Islam, that blood-thirsty region of the world become THE most enlightened, advance, and tolerant region of the world at the time...So Islam did prove to be a light for that region at that time...

Russian genocide was just a...genocide. It brought no revolutionary changes to humanity...and was a failure...

Also, I talked about letters of invitation...Russkies didn't send any letter...

 

[EMERCOM]

The only problem is that evidence defies this.

Islam has been one of the, or arguably THE, most influential major historical force in whole human history...Before Islam, Persians were butchering romans and vice versa. Arabs were burring their daughters...and tribes were slaughtering each..

After the rise of Islam, that blood-thirsty region of the world become THE most enlightened, advance, and tolerant region of the world at the time...So Islam did prove to be a light for that region at that time...

Russian genocide was just a...genocide. It brought no revolutionary changes to humanity...and was a failure...

Also, I talked about letters of invitation...Russkies didn't send any letter...

Russian genocide was just a...genocide. It brought no revolutionary changes to humanity...and was a failure...

Russia brought socialism which is trully better than islam for the common man.

Islam has been one of the, or arguably THE, most influential major historical force in whole human history...Before Islam, Persians were butchering romans and vice versa. Arabs were burring their daughters...and tribes were slaughtering each..

Islam has been one of the most destructive and genocidal forces.The only one that dwarfs its genocides is the British empire .

 

[AUz]

Russia brought socialism which is trully better than islam for the common man.

It wasn't.

And it failed miserably....

Islam has been one of the most destructive and genocidal forces.The only one that dwarfs its genocides is the British empire .

Pure bullsh!t...

stop drinking hindu holy drink of cow p!ss...effects your brain.

 

[doppelganger]

The text of the letter written my Muhammad to Heraclius, Emperor of Byzantium, reads as follows:

"In the name of God the Beneficent, the Merciful: (This letter is) from Muhammad son of Abdullah to Heraclius the Great (ruler) of the Romans (Byzantines). Peace be upon him, he who follows the right path. Furthermore I invite you to submit your will to God; submit your will to God and you will be safe, and God will double thy reward, and if you reject, thou you bear the sins of persecuting Arians.

(And I recite to you God's Statement (O Muhammad): 'and people of the scripture! Come to a word common to you and us that we worship none but God and that we associate nothing in worship with Him, and that none of us shall take others as Lords beside God. Then, if they turn away, say: 'Bear witness that we are Muslims' (those who have surrendered to God).”

 

[doppelganger]

Letter sent by Muhammad to An Najaashi, ruler of Abbysinia

The letter to the Negus, King of Abyssinia, was carried by ‘Amr bin Umayya Damrira. It ran as follows:

In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful, Muhammad (saw), the Messenger of God, writes to the Negus, King of Abyssinia. O King, peace of God be upon you. I praise before you the One and Only God. None else is worthy of worship. He is the King of kings, the source of all excellences, free from all defects, He provides peace to all His servants and protects His creatures. I bear witness that Jesus, son of Mary (as) was a Messenger of God, who came in fulfilment of promises made to Mary by God. Mary had consecrated her life to God. I invite you to join with me in attaching ourselves to the One and Only God and in obeying Him. I invite you also to follow me and believe in the God Who hath sent me. I am His Messenger. I invite you and your armies to join the Faith of the Almighty God. I discharge my duty hereby. I have delivered to you the Message of God, and made clear to you the meaning of this Message. I have done so in all sincerity and I trust you will value the sincerity which has prompted this message. He who obeys the guidance of God becomes heir to the blessings of God (Zurqani).

 

[doppelganger]

Letter of Muhammad to Persians of Kasra, inviting them to Islam.

(Please note: Here he refers to them as Magians, as against the later letter to Yezdgird after Muhammad's death where the Persians are referred to as Arians. The later letter, referred to by the OP here, is preserved in the British Museum in London to this day)

The letter to the King of Iran was sent through ‘Abdullah bin Hudhafara. The text of this letter was as follows:

In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful. This letter is from Muhammad (saw), the Messenger of God, to Chosroes, the Chief of Iran. Whoever submits to a perfect guidance, and believes in Allah, and bears witness that Allah is One, and has no equal or partner, and that Muhammad (saw) is His Servant and Messenger, on him be peace. O King, under the command of God, I invite you to Islam. For I have been sent by God as His Messenger to all mankind, so that I may warn all living men and complete my Message for all unbelievers. Accept Islam and protect yourself from all afflictions. If you reject this invitation, then the sin of the denial of all your people will rest on your head. (Zurqani and Khamis).

 

[SarthakGanguly]

That is not an invitation.

It is an ultimatum!

Letter of Muhammad to Persians of Kasra, inviting them to Islam.

(Please note: Here he refers to them as Magians, as against the later letter to Yezdgird after Muhammad's death where the Persians are referred to as Arians)

The letter to the King of Iran was sent through ‘Abdullah bin Hudhafara. The text of this letter was as follows:

In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful. This letter is from Muhammad (saw), the Messenger of God, to Chosroes, the Chief of Iran. Whoever submits to a perfect guidance, and believes in Allah, and bears witness that Allah is One, and has no equal or partner, and that Muhammad (saw) is His Servant and Messenger, on him be peace. O King, under the command of God, I invite you to Islam. For I have been sent by God as His Messenger to all mankind, so that I may warn all living men and complete my Message for all unbelievers. Accept Islam and protect yourself from all afflictions. If you reject this invitation, then the sin of the denial of all your people will rest on your head. (Zurqani and Khamis).

 

[doppelganger]

That is not an invitation.

It is an ultimatum!

Sounds like it to me, though maybe the style of written communication could have been more direct and different in those day. There are many other similar letters sent out by Muhammad to the Kings of Egypt, of Bahrain, of Yemen, and even Turkey, and other small neighboring Arab chiefs. If one did not know it was Muhammad as the sender, it could have been the pre-invasion letter of any imperialist before attacking another kingdom and spreading his empire.

 

[SarthakGanguly]

Even so, Hate can't become Love, Death can't become Life!

It is what it is - a blunt ultimatum/threat!

Is this authentic btw? A Prophet sending such letters - kinda looks bad

Sounds like it to me, though maybe the style of written communication could have been more direct and different in those day. There are many other similar letters sent out by Muhammad to the Kings of Egypt, of Bahrain, of Yemen, and even Turkey, and other small neighboring Arab chiefs.

 

[doppelganger]

Is this authentic btw? A Prophet sending such letters - kinda looks bad

The letters are all still preserved and these are true photographs. And this is not an anti-Islam site by the way. Much the opposite.

The Muslim Times: A Blog to Foster Universal Brotherhood

http://www.themuslimtimes.org/2013/02/religion/islam/prophet-mohammad-saws-letters-to-various-kings

 

[Yabgu]

Wherever I see Persians are defeated, I'm starting to feel sorry

 

[474474]

God bless the four Caliphs, idc what haters say.

 

[SarthakGanguly]

Yeah, I was checking this as well. While reading the Koran, did not find anything(obviously) so did not investigate. This happened later. Kinda makes me uncomfortable

The letters are all still preserved and these are true photographs. And this is not an anti-Islam site by the way. Much the opposite.

The Muslim Times: A Blog to Foster Universal Brotherhood

http://www.themuslimtimes.org/2013/02/religion/islam/prophet-mohammad-saws-letters-to-various-kings

 

[doppelganger]

Letter of Muhammad to the Ruler of Bahrain

The Prophet (saw) also sent a letter to Mundhir Taimi, Chief of Bahrain. This letter was carried by ‘Ala’ ibn Hadramira. The text of this letter has been lost. When it reached this Chief, he believed, and wrote back to the Prophet (saw) saying that he and many of his friends and followers had decided to join Islam. Some, however, had decided to stay outside. He also said that there were some Jews and Magians living under him. What was he to do about them?

The Prophet (saw) wrote again to this Chief thus:

I am glad at your acceptance of Islam. Your duty is to obey the delegates and messengers whom I should send to you. Whoever obeys them, obeys me. The messenger who took my letter to you praised you to me, and assured me of the sincerity of your belief. I have prayed to God for your people. Try, therefore, to teach them the ways and practices of Islam. Protect their property. Do not let anyone have more than four wives. The sins of the past are forgiven. As long as you are good and virtuous you will continue to rule over your people. As for Jews and Magians, they have only to pay a tax. Do not, therefore, make any other demands on them. As for the general population, those who do not have land enough to maintain them should have four dirhams each, and some cloth to wear. (Zurqani and Khamis).