RISING SUN
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The electricity sector in India had an installed capacity of 202.98 Gigawatt (GW) as of May 2012, the world's fifth largest.Captive power plants generate an additional 31.5 GW.
COAL 112022.38
GAS 18381.05
DSL 1199.75
Nuclear 4780.00
HYDRO 38990.40
R.E.S. 24503.45
TOTAL 199877.03
Note:- UNITS COMMISSIONED, DERATED & DECOMMISSIONED DURING MARCH. 12
1) Mundra TPP,Ph-III, U-2 (660 MW) of Adani Power Ltd. has been commissioned successfully (i.e Achieving full load) on 03-03-2012
2) Bhusawal TPS, U-4 (500 MW) of MSPGCL has been.commissioned successfully (i.e Achieving of Full load) on 07-03-2012
3) Bellary TPP , U-2 (500 MW) of KPCL has been commissioned successfully ( Full load) on 23-03-2012
4) Vallur St-I Ph-I TPP , U-1(500 MW) of NTPC/NTECL has been commissioned successfully ( Full load) on 28-03-2012
5) Simhadri STPP St-II U-4 (500 MW) of NTPC Ltd. has been commissioned successfully (Full load) on 30-03-2012
The electricity sector in India had an installed capacity of 202.98 Gigawatt (GW) as of May 2012, the world's fifth largest.Captive power plants generate an additional 31.5 GW.
COAL 112022.38
GAS 18381.05
DSL 1199.75
Nuclear 4780.00
HYDRO 38990.40
R.E.S. 24503.45
TOTAL 199877.03
Captive power 31516.87
http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/executive_rep/mar12/8.pdf
India generated 855 BU electricity during 2011-12 fiscal.
Can anyone tell me what will be the result for per person head average?
In terms of fuel, coal-fired plants account for 55% of India's installed electricity capacity, compared to South Africa's 92%; China's 77%; and Australia's 76%. After coal, renewal hydro-power accounts for 21%, and natural gas for about 10%.
So India uses much cleaner energy compared to above countries.
In December 2011, over 300 million Indian citizens had no access to electricity. Over one third of India's rural population lacked electricity, as did 6% of the urban population. Of those who did have access to electricity in India, the supply was intermittent and unreliable. In 2010, blackouts and power shedding interrupted irrigation and manufacturing across the country.
As of January 2012, one report found the per capita total consumption in India to be 778 kWh.
Power Problems Threaten Growth in India - WSJ.com
The International Energy Agency estimates India needs an investment of at least $135 billion to provide universal access of electricity to its population.
The International Energy Agency estimates India will add between 600 GW to 1200 GW of additional new power generation capacity before 2050. This added new capacity is equivalent to the 740 GW of total power generation capacity of European Union (EU-27) in 2005. The technologies and fuel sources India adopts, as it adds this electricity generation capacity, may make significant impact to global resource usage and environmental issues.
India's electricity sector is amongst the world's most active players in renewable energy utilization, especially wind energy.As of December 2011, India had an installed capacity of about 22.4 GW of renewal technologies-based electricity, exceeding the total installed electricity capacity in Austria by all technologies.
India's network losses exceeded 32% in 2010 including non-technical losses, compared to world average of less than 15%. Both technical and non-technical factors contribute to these losses, but quantifying their proportions is difficult. Some experts estimate that technical losses are about 15% to 20%, A high proportion of non‐technical losses are caused by illegal tapping of lines, but faulty electric meters that underestimate actual consumption also contribute to reduced payment collection. A case study in Kerala estimated that replacing faulty meters could reduce distribution losses from 34% to 29%.
India's network losses exceeded 32% in 2010 including non-technical losses, compared to world average of less than 15%. Both technical and non-technical factors contribute to these losses, but quantifying their proportions is difficult. Some experts estimate that technical losses are about 15% to 20%, A high proportion of non‐technical losses are caused by illegal tapping of lines, but faulty electric meters that underestimate actual consumption also contribute to reduced payment collection. A case study in Kerala estimated that replacing faulty meters could reduce distribution losses from 34% to 29%.
Key implementation challenges for India's electricity sector include new project management and execution, ensuring availability of fuel quantities and qualities, lack of initiative to develop large coal and natural gas resources present in India, land acquisition, environmental clearances at state and central government level, and training of skilled manpower to prevent talent shortages for operating latest technology plants.
As in previous years, during the year 2010–11, demand for electricity in India far outstripped availability, both in terms of base load energy and peak availability. Base load requirement was 861,591 (MU) against availability of 788,355 MU, a 8.5% deficit. During peak loads, the demand was for 122 GW against availability of 110 GW, a 9.8% shortfall.
In a May 2011 report, India's Central Electricity Authority anticipated, for 2011–12 year, a base load energy deficit and peaking shortage to be 10.3% and 12.9% respectively. The peaking shortage would prevail in all regions of the country, varying from 5.9% in the North-Eastern region to 14.5% in the Southern Region. India also expects all regions to face energy shortage varying from 0.3% in the North-Eastern region to 11.0% in the Western region. India's Central Electricity Authority expects a surplus output in some of the states of Northern India, those with predominantly hydropower capacity, but only during the monsoon months. In these states, shortage conditions would prevail during winter season.[22] According to this report, the five states with largest power demand and availability, as of May 2011, were Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat.
In late 2011 newspaper articles, Gujarat was declared a power surplus state, with about 2–3 GW more power available than its internal demand. The state was expecting more capacity to become available. It was expecting to find customers, sell excess capacity to meet power demand in other states of India, thereby generate revenues for the state.
Despite an ambitious rural electrification program,some 400 million Indians lose electricity access during blackouts.While 80% of Indian villages have at least an electricity line, just 52.5% of rural households have access to electricity. In urban areas, the access to electricity is 93.1% in 2008. The overall electrification rate in India is 64.5% while 35.5% of the population still live without access to electricity.
As of August 2011, the states and union territories of India with power surplus were Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Tripura, Gujarat, Delhi and Dadra and Nagar Haveli.
Electricity sector capacity and availability in India (excludes effect of blackouts / power-shedding) Item Value Date reported Reference
Total installed capacity (GW) 201.64 April 2012
Available base load supply (MU) 837374 May 2011
Available peak load supply (GW) 118.7 May 2011
Demand base load (MU) 933741 May 2011
Demand peak load (GW) 136.2 May 2011
According to India's Ministry of Power, about 14.1 GW of new thermal power plants under construction are expected to be put in use by December 2012, so are 2.1 GW capacity hydropower plants and a 1 GW capacity nuclear power plant.[39] India's installed generation capacity should top 200 GW in 2012.
In 2010, the five largest power companies in India, by installed capacity, in decreasing order, were the state-owned NTPC, state-owned NHPC, followed by three privately owned companies: Tata Power, Reliance Power and Adani Power.
In India's effort to add electricity generation capacity over 2009–2011, both central government and state government owned power companies have repeatedly failed to add the capacity targets because of issues with procurement of equipment and poor project management. Private companies have delivered better results.
The present installed capacity as of 30 June 2011 is approximately 37,367.4 MW which is 21.53% of total electricity generation in India.
In 2011, India had 18 pressurized heavy water reactors in operation, with another four projects of 2.8 GW capacity launched. The country plans to implement fast breeder reactors, using plutonium based fuel. Plutonium is obtained by reprocessing spent fuel of first stage reactors. India successfully launched its first prototype fast breeder reactor of 500 MW capacity in Tamil Nadu, and now operates two such reactors.
India has nuclear power plants operating in the following states: Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. These reactors have an installed electricity generation capacity between 100 to 540 MW each. New reactors with installed capacity of 1000 MW per reactor are expected to be in use by 2012.
Renewable energy in India is a sector that is still in its infancy.
As of December 2011, India had an installed capacity of about 22.4 GW of renewal technologies-based electricity, about 12% of its total. For context, the total installed capacity for electricity in Switzerland was about 18 GW in 2009. The table below provides the capacity breakdown by various technologies.
Problems with India's power sector
Government giveaways such as free electricity for farmers, partly to curry political favor, have depleted the cash reserves of state-run electricity-distribution system. This has financially crippled the distribution network, and its ability to pay for power to meet the demand. This situation has been worsened by government departments of India that do not pay their bills.
Shortages of fuel: despite abundant reserves of coal, India is facing a severe shortage of coal. The country isn't producing enough to feed its power plants. Some plants do not have reserve coal supplies to last a day of operations. India's monopoly coal producer, state-controlled Coal India, is constrained by primitive mining techniques and is rife with theft and corruption; Coal India has consistently missed production targets and growth targets. Poor coal transport infrastructure has worsened these problems. To expand its coal production capacity, Coal India needs to mine new deposits. However, most of India's coal lies under protected forests or designated tribal lands. Any mining activity or land acquisition for infrastructure in these coal-rich areas of India, has been rife with political demonstrations, social activism and public interest litigations.
Poor pipeline connectivity and infrastructure to harness India's abundant coal bed methane and shale gas potential.
The giant new offshore natural gas field has delivered less fuel than projected. India faces a shortage of natural gas.
Hydroelectric power projects in India's mountainous north and northeast regions have been slowed down by ecological, environmental and rehabilitation controversies, coupled with public interest litigations.
India's nuclear power generation potential has been stymied by political activism since the Fukushima disaster in Japan.
Average transmission, distribution and consumer-level losses exceeding 30%.
Over 300 million people in India have no access to electricity. Of those who do, almost all find electricity supply intermittent and unreliable.
Lack of clean and reliable energy sources such as electricity is, in part, causing about 800 million people in India to continue using traditional biomass energy sources – namely fuelwood, agricultural waste and livestock dung – for cooking and other domestic needs.Traditional fuel combustion is the primary source of indoor air pollution in India, causes between 300,000 to 400,000 deaths per year and other chronic health issues.
India’s coal-fired, oil-fired and natural gas-fired thermal power plants are inefficient and offer significant potential for greenhouse gas (CO2) emission reduction through better technology. Compared to the average emissions from coal-fired, oil-fired and natural gas-fired thermal power plants in European Union (EU-27) countries, India’s thermal power plants emit 50 to 120 percent more CO2 per kWh produced.
COAL 112022.38
GAS 18381.05
DSL 1199.75
Nuclear 4780.00
HYDRO 38990.40
R.E.S. 24503.45
TOTAL 199877.03
Note:- UNITS COMMISSIONED, DERATED & DECOMMISSIONED DURING MARCH. 12
1) Mundra TPP,Ph-III, U-2 (660 MW) of Adani Power Ltd. has been commissioned successfully (i.e Achieving full load) on 03-03-2012
2) Bhusawal TPS, U-4 (500 MW) of MSPGCL has been.commissioned successfully (i.e Achieving of Full load) on 07-03-2012
3) Bellary TPP , U-2 (500 MW) of KPCL has been commissioned successfully ( Full load) on 23-03-2012
4) Vallur St-I Ph-I TPP , U-1(500 MW) of NTPC/NTECL has been commissioned successfully ( Full load) on 28-03-2012
5) Simhadri STPP St-II U-4 (500 MW) of NTPC Ltd. has been commissioned successfully (Full load) on 30-03-2012
The electricity sector in India had an installed capacity of 202.98 Gigawatt (GW) as of May 2012, the world's fifth largest.Captive power plants generate an additional 31.5 GW.
COAL 112022.38
GAS 18381.05
DSL 1199.75
Nuclear 4780.00
HYDRO 38990.40
R.E.S. 24503.45
TOTAL 199877.03
Captive power 31516.87
http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/executive_rep/mar12/8.pdf
India generated 855 BU electricity during 2011-12 fiscal.
Can anyone tell me what will be the result for per person head average?
In terms of fuel, coal-fired plants account for 55% of India's installed electricity capacity, compared to South Africa's 92%; China's 77%; and Australia's 76%. After coal, renewal hydro-power accounts for 21%, and natural gas for about 10%.
So India uses much cleaner energy compared to above countries.
In December 2011, over 300 million Indian citizens had no access to electricity. Over one third of India's rural population lacked electricity, as did 6% of the urban population. Of those who did have access to electricity in India, the supply was intermittent and unreliable. In 2010, blackouts and power shedding interrupted irrigation and manufacturing across the country.
As of January 2012, one report found the per capita total consumption in India to be 778 kWh.
Power Problems Threaten Growth in India - WSJ.com
The International Energy Agency estimates India needs an investment of at least $135 billion to provide universal access of electricity to its population.
The International Energy Agency estimates India will add between 600 GW to 1200 GW of additional new power generation capacity before 2050. This added new capacity is equivalent to the 740 GW of total power generation capacity of European Union (EU-27) in 2005. The technologies and fuel sources India adopts, as it adds this electricity generation capacity, may make significant impact to global resource usage and environmental issues.
India's electricity sector is amongst the world's most active players in renewable energy utilization, especially wind energy.As of December 2011, India had an installed capacity of about 22.4 GW of renewal technologies-based electricity, exceeding the total installed electricity capacity in Austria by all technologies.
India's network losses exceeded 32% in 2010 including non-technical losses, compared to world average of less than 15%. Both technical and non-technical factors contribute to these losses, but quantifying their proportions is difficult. Some experts estimate that technical losses are about 15% to 20%, A high proportion of non‐technical losses are caused by illegal tapping of lines, but faulty electric meters that underestimate actual consumption also contribute to reduced payment collection. A case study in Kerala estimated that replacing faulty meters could reduce distribution losses from 34% to 29%.
India's network losses exceeded 32% in 2010 including non-technical losses, compared to world average of less than 15%. Both technical and non-technical factors contribute to these losses, but quantifying their proportions is difficult. Some experts estimate that technical losses are about 15% to 20%, A high proportion of non‐technical losses are caused by illegal tapping of lines, but faulty electric meters that underestimate actual consumption also contribute to reduced payment collection. A case study in Kerala estimated that replacing faulty meters could reduce distribution losses from 34% to 29%.
Key implementation challenges for India's electricity sector include new project management and execution, ensuring availability of fuel quantities and qualities, lack of initiative to develop large coal and natural gas resources present in India, land acquisition, environmental clearances at state and central government level, and training of skilled manpower to prevent talent shortages for operating latest technology plants.
As in previous years, during the year 2010–11, demand for electricity in India far outstripped availability, both in terms of base load energy and peak availability. Base load requirement was 861,591 (MU) against availability of 788,355 MU, a 8.5% deficit. During peak loads, the demand was for 122 GW against availability of 110 GW, a 9.8% shortfall.
In a May 2011 report, India's Central Electricity Authority anticipated, for 2011–12 year, a base load energy deficit and peaking shortage to be 10.3% and 12.9% respectively. The peaking shortage would prevail in all regions of the country, varying from 5.9% in the North-Eastern region to 14.5% in the Southern Region. India also expects all regions to face energy shortage varying from 0.3% in the North-Eastern region to 11.0% in the Western region. India's Central Electricity Authority expects a surplus output in some of the states of Northern India, those with predominantly hydropower capacity, but only during the monsoon months. In these states, shortage conditions would prevail during winter season.[22] According to this report, the five states with largest power demand and availability, as of May 2011, were Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat.
In late 2011 newspaper articles, Gujarat was declared a power surplus state, with about 2–3 GW more power available than its internal demand. The state was expecting more capacity to become available. It was expecting to find customers, sell excess capacity to meet power demand in other states of India, thereby generate revenues for the state.
Despite an ambitious rural electrification program,some 400 million Indians lose electricity access during blackouts.While 80% of Indian villages have at least an electricity line, just 52.5% of rural households have access to electricity. In urban areas, the access to electricity is 93.1% in 2008. The overall electrification rate in India is 64.5% while 35.5% of the population still live without access to electricity.
As of August 2011, the states and union territories of India with power surplus were Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Tripura, Gujarat, Delhi and Dadra and Nagar Haveli.
Electricity sector capacity and availability in India (excludes effect of blackouts / power-shedding) Item Value Date reported Reference
Total installed capacity (GW) 201.64 April 2012
Available base load supply (MU) 837374 May 2011
Available peak load supply (GW) 118.7 May 2011
Demand base load (MU) 933741 May 2011
Demand peak load (GW) 136.2 May 2011
According to India's Ministry of Power, about 14.1 GW of new thermal power plants under construction are expected to be put in use by December 2012, so are 2.1 GW capacity hydropower plants and a 1 GW capacity nuclear power plant.[39] India's installed generation capacity should top 200 GW in 2012.
In 2010, the five largest power companies in India, by installed capacity, in decreasing order, were the state-owned NTPC, state-owned NHPC, followed by three privately owned companies: Tata Power, Reliance Power and Adani Power.
In India's effort to add electricity generation capacity over 2009–2011, both central government and state government owned power companies have repeatedly failed to add the capacity targets because of issues with procurement of equipment and poor project management. Private companies have delivered better results.
The present installed capacity as of 30 June 2011 is approximately 37,367.4 MW which is 21.53% of total electricity generation in India.
In 2011, India had 18 pressurized heavy water reactors in operation, with another four projects of 2.8 GW capacity launched. The country plans to implement fast breeder reactors, using plutonium based fuel. Plutonium is obtained by reprocessing spent fuel of first stage reactors. India successfully launched its first prototype fast breeder reactor of 500 MW capacity in Tamil Nadu, and now operates two such reactors.
India has nuclear power plants operating in the following states: Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. These reactors have an installed electricity generation capacity between 100 to 540 MW each. New reactors with installed capacity of 1000 MW per reactor are expected to be in use by 2012.
Renewable energy in India is a sector that is still in its infancy.
As of December 2011, India had an installed capacity of about 22.4 GW of renewal technologies-based electricity, about 12% of its total. For context, the total installed capacity for electricity in Switzerland was about 18 GW in 2009. The table below provides the capacity breakdown by various technologies.
Problems with India's power sector
Government giveaways such as free electricity for farmers, partly to curry political favor, have depleted the cash reserves of state-run electricity-distribution system. This has financially crippled the distribution network, and its ability to pay for power to meet the demand. This situation has been worsened by government departments of India that do not pay their bills.
Shortages of fuel: despite abundant reserves of coal, India is facing a severe shortage of coal. The country isn't producing enough to feed its power plants. Some plants do not have reserve coal supplies to last a day of operations. India's monopoly coal producer, state-controlled Coal India, is constrained by primitive mining techniques and is rife with theft and corruption; Coal India has consistently missed production targets and growth targets. Poor coal transport infrastructure has worsened these problems. To expand its coal production capacity, Coal India needs to mine new deposits. However, most of India's coal lies under protected forests or designated tribal lands. Any mining activity or land acquisition for infrastructure in these coal-rich areas of India, has been rife with political demonstrations, social activism and public interest litigations.
Poor pipeline connectivity and infrastructure to harness India's abundant coal bed methane and shale gas potential.
The giant new offshore natural gas field has delivered less fuel than projected. India faces a shortage of natural gas.
Hydroelectric power projects in India's mountainous north and northeast regions have been slowed down by ecological, environmental and rehabilitation controversies, coupled with public interest litigations.
India's nuclear power generation potential has been stymied by political activism since the Fukushima disaster in Japan.
Average transmission, distribution and consumer-level losses exceeding 30%.
Over 300 million people in India have no access to electricity. Of those who do, almost all find electricity supply intermittent and unreliable.
Lack of clean and reliable energy sources such as electricity is, in part, causing about 800 million people in India to continue using traditional biomass energy sources – namely fuelwood, agricultural waste and livestock dung – for cooking and other domestic needs.Traditional fuel combustion is the primary source of indoor air pollution in India, causes between 300,000 to 400,000 deaths per year and other chronic health issues.
India’s coal-fired, oil-fired and natural gas-fired thermal power plants are inefficient and offer significant potential for greenhouse gas (CO2) emission reduction through better technology. Compared to the average emissions from coal-fired, oil-fired and natural gas-fired thermal power plants in European Union (EU-27) countries, India’s thermal power plants emit 50 to 120 percent more CO2 per kWh produced.
