Your Govt spending is currently being bankrolled by your citizens.
No, it's being bankrolled by foreigners like it always has. 13th IMF bailout and counting.
Regarding the questions in the OP
1. Yes it's quite possible that the rupee may have to fall that low before exports increase. Years of overvaluation have led to this
2. Depends on how high inflation goes
3. See 2. Interest rate depends on inflation and debt servicing expenses depends on interest rates. Also share of debt servicing depends on total size of the budget.
4. Industry is not borrowing money except for working capital requirements. Banks aren't lending much to the private sector either since they prefer to lend risk free to the govt. instead. So no it won't do much borrowing. It won't grow but it might survive.
5. IDK but other countries with far higher cost of doing business are able to compete in many of the same industries because their workers are more productive. The higher productivity comes from education, training and investment in technology. In China for example their garment factory workers make as much as our white collar workers yet they have a huge share of the textile market. So it's not just about the cost of electricity or the cost of labour.
6. Turkey and India maybe. 500% is a misleading figure here because you are not taking into account the rupee's value and the growth rate of the economy. It's much larger now than back in 2008. You should look at it in percentage of GDP instead.
Essentially the country is going through a stabilization phase which is painful. Because the people let the government spend excessively on defence at the expense of human development the country can't really grow for very long even once we come out of the stabilization phase. At some point in the next decade or so we'll probably go through hyper inflation and a recession.