Inception-06
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@Gryphon Go to page 17 my posts from 2014:
https://defence.pk/pdf/threads/pakistans-artillery-upgrade-discussions.133983/page-17#post-6304298
The Pakistan Artillery during Kargil war here in detail:
"Doctors attributed over half of the Indian casualties evacuated to the military
hospital at Leh to indirect fire. NLI artillery frustrated troop movements on the
Srinagar-Leh Highway and destroyed the Indian Army's ammunition dump in the town of
Kargil. The firepower provided by NLI artillery and mortars thwarted initial Indian
Army assaults, but it would not be enough for the undermanned force to hold its
mountain outposts"
Three 120-mm and two 81-mm mortars stopped Indian assaults on the Tiger Hill
complex for several weeks. Well-developed mule tracks and wire communications
connected the positions, which sat in nullahs protected by steep mountainsides.
Coordinated indirect fire confused Indian offensives and inflicted heavy casualties
while India needed a massive artillery barrage, with as many as 1,200 rounds impacting
every 5 minutes to force an NLI retreat.....at Tiger Hill.
http://hope.nps.edu/Academics/Centers/CCC/Research/StudentTheses/Acosta03.pdf
Notice the "empty boxes" of the Artillery rounds were used to build "Bunkers and shelters" for the firing positions.
Related to 130mm Guns in Pakistan Artmy, my posts from 2014.
Yes you are right, but I think both Armys are capable to use older equipment very effective. For example in high altitudes like Siachen and Kargil. The soviet equipment here the 130mm/155mm Type.59IIM/M-46 Guns is easier to maintain and cost effective compared to hightech guns. Highttech requires more education, highly qualified staff, more spare parts, more cost, more time, it's worth all this? So it comes also down to at what a battlefield is located, is it Siachen ? Desert of Thar ? Punjab ? etc.
just a example: Effects on Weapons
"Low barometric pressure affects the tools of war with a severity that equals its
impact on man. Thin air at high altitudes alters the trajectory of all projectiles that move
through the atmosphere. Projectiles are more efficient in low air pressure because of the ........
Cold weather affects weapon performance as well. Cyclic weapons perform
poorly due to lubricant freezing and metal brittleness.50 A weapon fired in subzero
temperatures crystallizes water vapor in the air, creating ice fog that hangs over the
weapon and vapor trails that follow the round and obscures the gunner's vision.51 Frigid
air reduces the range of projectiles and affects the burst characteristics of artillery
projectiles. Deep snow absorbs most of the impact burst of artillery rounds. Mortars are
significantly affected; a cold tube can prevent the propellant from completely burning,
causing the round to lose range.
So I dont know if the 4 generations of Artillery guns would perform better than the Russian cold weather proofed 130mm Guns.....!
The Pakistan Army was even in 1999 very professional to bring fast, effective and deadly fire with the "old" 130mm Guns (not upgraded at this time) and WW2 british towed guns on Indian positions (indian source:in Kargil, 80% of indian casualties were attributed to Pakistani artillery). While the Indian Army did enjoy the luxery of the Bofors guns Electronic crane, autoloader etc......
source:
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
Monterey, California
THESIS
Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited
HIGH ALTITUDE WARFARE: THE KARGIL CONFLICT
AND THE FUTURE
Link:
http://hope.nps.edu/Academics/Centers/CCC/Research/StudentTheses/Acosta03.pdf
@Gryphon check also that post from me 2014:
https://defence.pk/pdf/threads/pakistans-artillery-upgrade-discussions.133983/page-18#post-6649111
Is it a standard in all Pakistani Artillery regiments to have 12.7mm AA Gun mounted on the Truck for self-protection or is this only a decesion made by local commander ? Because sometimes I miss the 12.7mm AA guns as a secondary weapon on Pakistani A.Trucks ! What is the official order and tactic ?
To install the 12.7mm on (Artillery) Trucks is soviet military doctrine/tactic from WW2 (a very effective tactic to protect the Artillery guns from air and ground threat):
some examples:
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