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Pakistan Army Employs Lessons of Taliban Conflict


Apr. 17, 2011

By Usman Ansari

Special Report


ISLAMABAD - Pakistan is implementing a wide-ranging modernization program in the wake of lessons learned fighting the Taliban.

The program seeks substantial training changes down to the unit level and improvements in personal protection, weaponry, surveillance capabilities, communication equipment, night vision and thermal image sensors, nonlethal weaponry, and vehicle protection.

Drawing on his experience in the British Army when it was initially deployed on counterinsurgency (COIN) duties in Northern Ireland, analyst Brian Cloughley said retraining and re-equipping soldiers schooled in conventional warfare for such duties took a year.

"This is exactly the same for the Pakistan Army's units on the eastern border," Cloughley said.

The areas he stressed the most were "fitness and, above all, training."

"The training program must include all the obvious things, which of course have not been practiced by units on the eastern border: vehicle anti-ambush drills, long-distance foot patrolling, resupply by helicopter, requiring quick pad construction," he said. "It's a long list, and of course all these things are known. They are, however, dormant. And it takes months for units to learn them." Other aspects of British COIN operations were also relevant to Pakistan efforts, Cloughley said.

For the British, an important consideration was "acquisition of radios capable of working in built-up areas, as well as the wide-open spaces," he said. This appears to have been an early lesson for the Pakistan Army.

A military spokesman said some aspects of the program, specifically communication and surveillance capabilities, have been implemented already, and were tested in last year's Azm-e-Nau/New Resolve military exercise.

Analysts were intrigued by mention of new vehicles, however, and Cloughley said there had to be "analysis of the type of enemy and what tactics are likely to be encountered."

He added, "the emphasis on [improvised explosive devices] is most important, but this has to be balanced besides mobility."

Cloughley did stress that "a balance between expense, perception of the threat and effectiveness" also had to be struck. "There isn't much point in buying multimillion-dollar mine-protected vehicles when they aren't going to see much use," he said.


Talk of new vehicles also led to some confusion. According to the military spokesman, the vehicle in question was actually the indigenous Burraq mine-resistant, ambush-protected vehicle manufactured by state-owned military vehicles producer Heavy Industries Taxila (HIT).

He stated the Burraq had been evaluated by potential overseas customers and that foreign vehicles had not been evaluated by Pakistan, as had been speculated. Burraq fills a long-standing operational requirement, as IEDs have taken a considerable toll. HIT refused to comment on Burraq's service status or foreign evaluation.

Another long-awaited change that predates operations against the Taliban has been the switch to a 5.56mm-caliber rifle. The current 7.62mm Heckler & Koch G3A3 battle rifle was found to be too heavy and cumbersome for the swift, mobile style of operations required.

The G3A3 also was impossible to control in full automatic fire, and there was a requirement for an under-barrel grenade launcher, the use of new holographic sights, plus affixed torches or pointing devices.

State-owned Pakistan Ordnance Factories responded with the G3S, which appears to be a carbine version of its PK8 design, itself a G3 chambered for the NATO 5.56mm round. The company exhibited a mock-up of the G3S at February's IDEX defense exhibition in Dubai but were not able to furnish additional information regarding the carbine when contacted.

More infantry support weapons have been called for, such as automatic grenade launchers. The origin or status of these is not clear and was not clarified by the military. More than one system appears to be in service.

The Detonics division of the Al-Technique Corp. of Pakistan (ATCOP) has in the past exhibited a 40mm automatic grenade launcher at Pakistani defense exhibitions, and this is thought to be in at least limited service.

However, analyst Haris Khan of the Pakistan Military Consortium think tank said foreign automatic grenade launchers have been tested, and of two designs short-listed in 2007, one was South African. This is not the only grenade launcher in service; Khan said the Chinese-built version of the Russian AGS30 was rushed into service and that the launchers have been installed or at least tested on the M113 armored personnel carrier.

These, in addition to additional helicopter-mounted 7.62mm MG3 machine guns and mini-guns, have increased fire support for ground troops, he said.

Though the military spokesman could not expand on the issue, an unusual requirement has been for modern flamethrowers. Khan compared this to the allied experience against the Japanese in World War II.

"Most of the insurgents took clever advantage of the area's terrain. They used caves and dug extensive tunnels to hide in and operate from. The Army lacked any type weapon that could effectively flush out and destroy the insurgents from their hideouts," he said.

DN
 
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India-Pakistan war veterans: Once enemies, now peace messengers

pakistantoday.com.pk

NEW DELHI - A team of about 160 Indian war veterans under the banner of India-Pakistan Soldiers’ Initiative for Peace (IPSI) has been invited by their Pakistani counterparts for a peace meeting in Pakistan on November 18.

A majority of these war veterans fought the 1965, 1971 and the Kargil war in 1999 but soon after retirement joined IPSI, which was launched by the late Gandhian Nirmala Deshpande in 1993. War veterans from Pakistan have made similar visits to India earlier and it is the second time the Indian team will be going across.

The core objective of the meet will be to find alternatives to resolve the Kashmir conflict. The massive after effects of war on the economy and the pathetic condition of communities living in war zones prompted most of these soldiers to take up the peace initiative. “When we are in uniform, our priority is to combat the enemy. But after retirement, we see the impact of battles on people and the economy. While war is a very important tool of state policy, we felt that it can be avoided,” said secretary general of IPSI and retired Brigadier J L Kaul.

He explained that the role ex-soldiers will play in the peace process will be very different from diplomats or politicians. “We will not mince words like diplomats. Soldiers share a very unique relationship, which is not affected by the fact that we are fighting each other,” said retired colonel and Vishisht Seva Medal awardee Abdul Rasul Khan.

He recollected an incident after a three-day bloody battle at Asal Uttar in 1965. “The next morning after the war, a soldier from the other side suddenly addressed one of our Indian soldiers in chaste Haryanvi. He said that he knew the soldier was from Haryana when he heard his accent from a distance. Our soldier responded to him and called out ‘tau’ (so?). It was very funny to hear such a conversation after the bitterest of battles. That’s the kind of bonhomie soldiers share”.

The Pakistan war veterans are preparing to receive the Indian delegation. “We are very excited about the meet. It is long overdue. Despite fighting each other eye ball to eye ball, we are glad that now we have a chance to talk about peace. We are done with the fighting,” retired General Humayun Bangash told Times of India over the phone from Pakistan. The Indian delegation will be received at the Wagah border on November 18. They are likely to visit Lahore, Islamabad and Abbottabad.
 
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How PA Works.

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From father’s pen

I did not die

Col ® Muhammad sunawar


Don’t stand at my grave
And weep; I am not there,
I do not sleep.

I’m in thousand winds that blow,
I’m in the flakes of falling snow.
I’m in the gentle shower of rain,
I’m in the fields of ripening grain.
I’m one of the birds that sing,
I’m in each and every lovely thing.

Do not stand at my grave and cry,
I’m not there, I did not die.

I’m Shaheed.

In memory of Capt. Muhammad bilal sunawar shaheed.

hilal
 
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Lt Gen Abid Pervaiz new Multan corps commander

RAWALPINDI: Lieutenant General Abid Pervaiz has been posted as the Multan corps commander. According to the ISPR on Saturday, Lieutenant General Abid Pervaiz, who is currently the chief of logistic staff at General Headquarters, has been posted as the Multan corps commander. He will replace Lieutenant General Shafqaat Ahmed, who is retiring from service by the end of this month. staff report
 
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•More than 110 units of the Pakistan Army were deployed to sensitive areas to head off threats of terrorist attacks during the Ashura holiday weekend. Military troops were deployed in Kohat, Hangu, Orakzai and Kurram agencies for extra security on Friday. Troops were also present in Karachi, Lahore, Quetta, Peshawar, Jhan, Gilgit, Skardu, Parachinar, and Rawalpindi. Military officials declined to specify the exact number of troops sent to such areas, though they affirmed that the units would be able “to reach a troubled spot within minutes.” According to another security official, all of the Muharram processions were “monitored by gunship helicopters.”[10]
[10] “Army deployed in Kohat, Hangu, Kurram Agency,” Geo, November 23, 2012. Available at Geo.TV, Geo News - Latest News, Breaking News, Pakistan, Live Videos “Beefing up security: Army on standby in volatile areas,” Express Tribune, November 23, 2012. Available at: Beefing up security: Army on standby in volatile areas – The Express Tribune
 
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Army ready to meet any challange

Friday, November 30, 2012 - Peshawar—Corps Commander Peshawar, Lieutenant General Khalid Rabbani said on Thursday Pakistan Army was the custodian of borders of the country and was ready to meet any eventuality during emergency situation. Addressing jawaans of the Corps of Engineers after inspecting the bridge training exercise here at Akora Khattak, the Corps Commander said Pakistan army was all time ready whether it was time of peace or war, adding the bridge battalion of the Pakistan Army had played a key role in helping out the people stranded in floods and their rehabilitation.

The Commander urged upon the jawaans to increase their professional expertise so that their services could be utilized in effective manner. He also impressed upon them to ensure protection of the equipment, tools and materials used in the preparation of bridges. On this occasion, the Commander also inspected the bridges constructed by the Pakistan Army including ribbon bridge, heavy mechanized bridge and medium girder bridge, assault track way and tanks access way. Gen Rabbani also visited army public school Akora Khattak and inspected its various sections.

Army ready to meet any challange
 
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