Yes Einstein was more scientist that any of us could ever be.And he was always very clear about his religious beliefs.He said he believed in the "pantheistic" God of Baruch Spinoza, but not in a personal god.He ridiculed Monotheistic religion and personal God as pretty childish superstitions.For a fanatic freethinker like him religion was much more subtle and cosmic in nature not the authoritarian religious beliefs we have today.Its really sad to see religious people often misrepresent his religious belief to fit their ideology.So next time you quote Einstein's religious beliefs better learn what you are talking about.
well then either Eistein had lost his mind or was joking with the world when he said
...
Pantheism is the belief that everything composes an all-encompassing, immanent God, or that the universe (or nature) is identical with divinity. Pantheists thus do not believe in a personal or anthropomorphic (Anthropomorphism, or personification, is attribution of human form or other characteristics to anything other than a human being.) god.
Neither does Islam...we do not believe in a human god...But even he was not an atheist! Maybe can be equated to an agnostic but def not an atheist!
Lady,I have a Muslim parent,I know enough about Islam.So no need to lecture me.
No one is lecturing you...However, me saying I am a geneticist and yet you lecture me about simple biology and processes which even you have no idea what you are talking about....
The last sentence shows your lack of expertise in this field.
How so?!
This phenomenon of chromosomal fusion happens all the time in creatures as varied as yeast, corn, butterflies, voles and even mice.
This shows
your lack of understanding....1stly we are not a unicellular organism like yeast (yes there are few multicellular , nor do we divide by budding...
Most yeasts reproduce asexually by mitosis, and many do so by an asymmetric division process called budding.
This sentence itself nullifies anything related with yeast to higher animals...
corn is a plant, it can even undergo polyploidy which mind you animals cant...butterflies are invertebrates under arthropoda ...dont even get me started on the life stages of insects and how their chromosomes align! Ahhh rodents, mind you they have a small reproductive cycle and theoretically are capable of evolving faster....but Even if 1 sepcies has 10x different from the other they remain as rodents, same brain size, same incapability to speak, same incapability to use tools and what not...
After the completion of the Human genome project, a common chimpanzee genome project was initiated. In December 2003, a preliminary analysis of 7600 genes shared between the two genomes confirmed that certain genes such as the forkhead-box P2 transcription factor, which is involved in speech development, are different in the human lineage. Several genes involved in hearing were also found to have changed during human evolution, suggesting selection involving human language-related behavior. Differences between individual humans and common chimpanzees are estimated to be about 10 times the typical difference between pairs of humans.
Now 10x.....when you see 2 humans, you see vast differences from eye colour, hair colour to skin colour, disease resistance and many more differences expand this to 10x and you are out of the species....
And now it has been seen in people.In a recent article, a doctor in China has identified a man who has 44 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. Except for his different number of chromosomes, this man is perfectly normal in every measurable way.
http://biomedres.info/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/171-174-Bo_Wang.1584046.pdf
1stly, it is nothing new Robertsonian translocation does happen.....however chromosome 2 which is the 1 that humans and ape differ in is not affected....
Mind you the article does say he has disadvantages, from physical fitness and has chances of loss of pregnancyfor females.
It is well-known that the fitness of rob translocation carries is reduced; in some rob translocations the risk of unbalanced offspring may exceed 20%. The homozygous state of such a rearrangment presumably leads to infertility
(Like I said before LOW VIABLE OFFSPRING...it is not a favourable mutation.... .......besides, does he look less of a human? Does he look like an ape? Nope!
And mind you there are other chromosomal abnormalities where you even get XXY, XXX...
His chromosomes are arranged in a stable way that could be passed on if he met a nice girl who had 44 chromosomes too. And this would certainly be possible in the future given his family history.
How did you conclude that?!
But why doesn't he have any problems? A loss of one let alone two chromosomes is almost always fatal because so many essential genes are lost.
Not necessarily if only an arm of the chromosome is lost or something or another can replace it...
In this case, he has fewer chromosomes but is actually missing very few genes. Instead, he has two chromosomes stuck to two other chromosomes. More specifically, both his chromosome 14's are stuck to his chromosome 15's.
I do not think you read the article
Although a Robertsonian translocation carrier has a full genetic complement, their fitness is reduced due to high probability of genetically imbalanced gametes.
...Though I think they need to do more research on this...
This is an important finding because it tells us about a key genetic event in human prehistory. All the evidence points to humans, like their relatives the chimpanzees, having 48 chromosomes a million or so years ago. Nowadays most humans have 46.
Healthy humans have 46...and I would like to see a chimp born with chromosome 2 fusion....Just curious...
What happened to this 44 chromosome man shows one way that the first step in this sort of change might have happened in our past. Scientists could certainly predict something like this. But now there is proof that it can actually happen.
Not all chromosomes act the same....and I still think more tests need to be done because chromosomal studies are not easy
There is more information about this case here in case you are curious about it.Note that A Robertsonian translocation in balanced form results in no excess or deficit of genetic material and causes no health difficulties. In unbalanced forms,as you have mentioned here,Robertsonian translocations cause chromosomal deletions or addition and result in syndromes of multiple malformations, including trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) and trisomy 21 (Down syndrome).
Kindly do not jump to conclusions!
Seriously, he isnt loosing any chromosomes....I mean chromosomes are not exactly separate entities as shown in diagrams....read up the structure of chromosomes...The mapping is done based on statistical analysis....so if 2 of his chromosomes just have little distances as compared to normal people, doesnt mean he LOST the chromosome...I know about genetical mapping, my work is basically on that...and the softwares we use, they are not really something that goes BAM that is the ONLY answer...From what you have written and jumping to conclusions, I see you have no clue about the background of genomics and the tools of genetical mapping, hence I do suggest you stop quoting me...It is time consuming to see insignificant stuff been blown out of proportion....
This is from the article you suggested:
So he has almost all the same genes as any other person. He just has them packaged a bit differently.
However, the articles this time round were an interesting read!
Since you were offended by the last article here is a better one.
Understanding Genetics
terrible article based on assumptions and again no proof just someone's thought of what could have happened...Scientists put that under hypothesis not under proof...Giving this kind of account
And as I said in my previous article, there is no evidence of any advantage in the fusion anyway.
shows the article was written by someone who is just shoving their point down people's throat....Why? Because he is talking as though we know the all the functions of the human genes and we know the human genome like the back of our hand! All we know is gene sequences....alphabets not the meaning of these alphabets!
hate such lunatics! seriously, you have an idea, prove it not place your hypothesis and start getting people excited and leaving it hanging like that!
But human chromosome 2 has telomeres both in the middle and the ends. And it has two centromeres too. The easiest (and possibly only) explanation is that this happened because of the fusion of two chromosomes.
Here the author is talking as though this telomere is some formation...it is a sequence of nucleotides so is the centromere
Regarding mitotic chromosome structure, centromeres represent a constricted region of the chromosome (often referred to as the primary constriction) where two identical sister chromatids are most closely in contact.
! Seriously, it is not a blob that is stuck somewhere...My goodness who let this guy write anything on genetics!
I prob need to email it to my cousins who are also geneticists in the states for a good laugh!
Were there a fusion even, there wont be 2 centromeres, were there 2 centromeres in chromosome 2, the spindles would have MISTAKENLY attached to them and split them coz that is what the MAJOR role of centromeres is!
It is indeed its a very bad analogy,a bit of an insult to common sense,If I may say.
Well I think it depends on whether we want another human species in this planet or not.I think a new human species are most likely to emerge in labs rather than in nature.
YET you believe we and apes had a common ancestor and the evolution and species jumping.....BUT you can not imagine it happening in nature?
Again you are using that crude phrase species jumping.
Simply because I have been quoted out of context even after explaining something, which shows me not everyone understands the terminologies!
Why can't you much more appropriate terms like the macroevolution or speciation.I hope you understand that Macroevolution is the accumulated effects of microevolution over time.
that is why I do not use the term macroevolution however, macroevolution has limits which is why I do not believe in the human ape or ape to human theory!
So if there are is a change in allele and/or genotype frequencies in a population over time its perfectly rational to argue this change could lead to the origin species.
However, like I have mentioned in the beginning there are laws by which NOT ALL MUTATIONS are favourable, not all mutations yield viable offspring and NOT ALL mutations cause huge changes in a genome!
Indeed,The whole problem is with some pious individuals just don't want to accept they had an ancestor that looked like a chimpanzee.
Dont taunt me ...I never taunted your believes so please either remain poised or leave if you need to drop to a lower level!
