Makaramarma
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In Hinduism, dharma signifies behaviors that are considered to be in accord with rta, the order that makes life and universe possible,[10][note 1] and includes duties, rights, laws, conduct, virtues and ‘‘right way of living’’.[7] InBuddhismdharma means "cosmic law and order",[10] but is also applied to the teachings of the Buddha.[10] InBuddhist philosophy, dhamma/dharma is also the term for "phenomena".[11][note 2] In Jainismdharma refers to the teachings of the Jinas[10] and the body of doctrine pertaining to the purification and moral transformation of human beings. For Sikhs, the word dharm means the "path of righteousness".
Dharma in Hinduism, is an organizing principle that applies to human beings in solitude, in their interaction with human beings and nature, as well as between inanimate objects, to all of cosmos and its parts.
You are paring down Hinduism to a joke. Devoid of every philosophy, devoid of vedas, devoid of anything at all. Just some fancy term "dharma." Why the need to achieve Moksha? Why the need to perform Dharma? What are the philosophies governing them?
Reincarnation is an essential part of Hinduism. There is no ever lasting hell in Hinduism.
naraka (Sanskrit: "abode of darkness", literally "pertaining to man.") — an unhappy, mentally and emotionally congested, distressful area of consciousness in the lower worlds. Naraka is a state of mind that can be experienced on the physical plane or in the sub-astral plane after death of the sthula-sharira (physical body). It is accompanied by the tormented emotions of hatred, remorse, resentment, fear, jealousy and self-condemnation. Naraka is a congested, distressful area where demonic beings and young souls may sojourn until they resolve the darksome karmas they have created. Here beings suffer the consequences of their own misdeeds in previous lives. However, in the Hindu view, the hellish experience is not permanent, but a temporary condition of one's own making. See: asura, loka.
Of course reincarnation is essential part of almost all Hindu philosophies. Not ALL philosophies.
I am not stripping Hinduism of any philosophy. I am mentioning the common thread that runs across ALL Hindu philosophies. Which is Dharma.
One is free to follow any of the various paths. Each path has its own set of literature and gurus who explain them and their own practices.
The real question you should have asked is "what defines Dharma". That is where the various philosophies of Hinduism enlighten the seeker. After all one cannot define what is "right" and "righteous" and then go around claiming one is right in whatever one does.
Nastika philosophy does not recognize veda but does have Dharma as their guiding principle too.
BTW I only mentioned Naraka to indicate the presence of Heaven and Hell. Not all Hindu philosophy believe in Naraka either.
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