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Massive flooding in Zhengzhou, Henan

Rain in Zhengzhou has finally stop this morning.

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14:29, 21-Jul-2021
What caused the heavy downpour in central China's Henan?
Updated 15:02, 21-Jul-2021
CGTN

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Since July 17, there has been continuous heavy rainfall in central China's Henan Province, with the precipitation concentrated in the province's western, northern and central regions.

According to the National Meteorological Center, the accumulated rainfall reached 622.7 millimeters in the provincial capital Zhengzhou between 2 a.m. Tuesday and 2 a.m. Wednesday, more than double the 24-hour threshold of 250 millimeters for extremely heavy rainfall.

Read more: Live: Record rainfall hits central China's Henan Province

The rainfall features long duration, great accumulated precipitation, large-scale heavy rain, concentrated precipitation periods and extreme precipitation, according to the China Meteorological Administration.

Several factors, including atmospheric pressure, typhoon and topography, have contributed to the unusual downpour in the province.

The subtropical high in the West Pacific and the continental high maintained stably over the Sea of Japan and the northwest of China led to a stagnant precipitation system in the central and western part of Henan.

Henan in mid-July is at the edge of the subtropical high, with convective instability that can cause severe weather, such as rain and thunderstorms.

With the typhoon "In-Fa" approaching southeast China's Fujian Province, a large amount of water vapor has been pushed to the country's inland areas, providing abundant water vapor for heavy rainfall in Henan.

Special topography in the region, such as the Taihang and Funiu mountains, is another reason. When the airflow hits the mountains, it converges and shoots upward, resulting in a stable and concentrated heavy rainfall in the region.

Mesoscale convection has also developed repeatedly in the mountainous areas and moved toward Zhengzhou, leading to intense precipitation in the region that lasts a long time.

The heavy precipitation will continue until Wednesday night with heavy rainfalls remaining in the northwest and central areas of Henan, said Zhang Ning, chief weather broadcaster of the Henan Meteorological Service.

From July 22 to July 26, Henan will see dispersed thunderstorms but no obvious large-scale heavy precipitation weather, Zhang said.
 
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From what is reported from the trapped people in the metro, they noticed the water started flooding the carriage at 18:01. It seem that the extraordinary downpour of 201.9mm at around 17:00 has caused that flooding.
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#郑州地铁受困者与朋友聊天记录#:“#你以后一定要幸福#
[泪]
被救出后致电朋友报平安】7月21日凌晨,红星新闻记者从多位受困于郑州5号线海滩寺至沙口路路段地铁车厢的受困人家属及朋友处得知,7月20日晚9点到11点左右,受困人均已陆陆续续获得救援,并用手机为数不多的电量向他们报了平安。截至7月21日早上10点,还有一些地铁受困人员的家属和朋友未与受困人员取得联系。​
“你以后一定要幸福。”7月21日早上8点,受困人林果(化名)的朋友辛艾(化名)告诉红星新闻记者,“目前林果电话仍处于关机状态,微信也没人回。但之前打过一次电话,说救援人员已经到了,水位不涨了,可以确认她是安全的。”​
7月20日18时1分,郑州地铁车厢被困人林果在微信上向朋友辛艾称,“车厢有点进水了,我有点怕。我们被困在沙口路与海滩寺中间了。周围没有站,我们出不去了。”​
18时6分,地铁车厢外的水已经超过了车的一半高度了。林果表示,“我已经吓哭了,车长呼叫不到地面。”​
几分钟以后,水渗入车厢,并到了小腿处。“地铁倾斜了!地铁上有1000多人,列车长正在指挥所有受困人员往前撤。”林果也跟随着人流往前走。​
随后,林果所在的车厢内水位越来越高,已经没过了膝盖。林果看了眼倾斜的地铁车厢,后面的车厢水位已经漫到了车顶。“完了”,她感觉自己可能出不去了。​
19时3分,车厢外面的水位也越涨越高,“车厢外水位都到脖子了。氧气也快没了。”随后,在微信发出“你以后一定要幸福”之后,林果与朋友断联。​
直至20时42分,林果才致电辛艾报平安。“有救援队在安排救援了,受困人员在陆陆续续被救出,水位也不涨了!”​

Red Star News
3 hours ago from Weibo

[#Zhengzhou Metro Trapped Person and Friends Chat Record#: Call a friend to report safety after being rescued]

In the early morning of July 21st, Red Star News reporters learned from the families and friends of many trapped people who were trapped in the subway cars of Zhengzhou Line 5 from Haitansi to Shakou Road. From 9 to 11 in the evening on July 20, The trapped people have been rescued one after another, and reported to them that they are safe with the low battery of their mobile phones. As of 10 a.m. on July 21, there are still some families and friends of subway trapped people who have not contacted the trapped people.

At 8 o'clock in the morning on July 21, Xin Ai (pseudonym), friend of the trapped person Lin Guo (pseudonym) told the Red Star News reporter, "Currently, Lin Guo's phone is still turned off and there is no one on WeChat call back. But I called once before and she said that the rescuers had arrived and the water level did not rise. It can confirm that she is safe."

At 18:01 on July 20th, Lin Guo, who was trapped in a Zhengzhou subway car, said to her friend Xin Ai on WeChat, "The car is a bit flooded, I am a little scared. We are trapped between Shakou Road and Haitansi surroundings. Without a station, we can't get out."

At 18:06, the water outside the subway car exceeded half the height of the car. Lin Guo said, "I was already crying, and the driver couldn't contact the ground station."

After a few minutes, the water seeped into the car and reached her calf. "The subway car is tilted! There are more than 1,000 people on the subway, and the conductor is directing all the trapped people to evacuate." Ling Guo also followed the flow of people.

Subsequently, the water level in the carriage where Lin Guo was located was getting higher and higher, and her knees were no longer there. Lin Guo glanced at the inclined subway car, and the water level in the rear car had overflowed to the roof. "It's over", she felt that she might not be able to get out.

At 19:03, the water level outside the carriage also rose higher and higher, "The water level outside the carriage is reaching the neck. Oxygen is almost gone." Then, after WeChat sent out "You must be happy in the future", Ling Guo broke contact with her friend.

It was not until 20:42 that Lin Guo called Xin Ai to report safety. "A rescue team is arranging rescue, and the trapped people are being rescued one after another, and the water level has not risen!"
 
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I think there is a combination of factors at work here. Around this time of the year cities in central/northern China usually have to worry about drought, not torrential rain. Locals also probably didn't have informal lessons/drills on what to do in a flooding situation. A close comparison would be how a week of blizzard caused major headaches in Texas this February -- we never expected this kind of weather condition and our infrastructure wasn't designed to handle it.

But I think that the authorities should've known better and shut down public transport/road systems. It is a better safe than sorry type of scenario.
It's a city on the Yellow River. Anybody who lived there knows that the Yellow River basin is prone to catastrophic floods once a decade or so.
 
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They have airtight blast gates in the metro, and flood barriers capable withstanding a flood like this at every station, the were just nobody to press the button. Or if somebody was, he was too chicken to do it, fearing repercussions from superiors for unauthorised use.

Metros around China all have very powerful pumps, multiple megawatts of pumping power per every tunnel run. Again, they seemed to have never been activated.

I worked for electronics contractors on many infra projects at home and abroad. There is no metro in the world which wasn't built without multiple layer of flood defences.
 
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The people who were trapped in the tunnel had to run as soon as they could, and not wait until they are trapped. It's China, nobody will help you.


If you get visible flooding in the tunnel, it means it's already a serious flooding above the ground, and it's only a matter of time until the tunnel will flood completely.

If the tunnel get flooded to the point where you see 1m of water, you will not be able to go against the current even if your life depends on it, and I am saying about able bodied men. Women, elderly, children will have no chances.
 
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The "Pterodactyl"-2H emergency UAV system is a national emergency communication force created by AVIC for the Ministry of Emergency Management. It can restore 50 square kilometers of mobile public network communications and establish an audio and video communication network covering 15,000 square kilometers. In response to the "three disconnections" situation in the disaster area, through the integration of aerial networking, high-point relay and other technologies, the horizontal interconnection of images, voices, and data can be realized.

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