Imran Khan
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well done thanks china
Longest expressway in PAK built by China Railway Group 20th Bureau Co. officially opened to traffic
- Thread starter Adam WANG SHANGHAI MEGA
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Adam WANG SHANGHAI MEGA
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Motorways in China and Pakistan are real highways not like that in India where cows are important users which make their highways and ordinary ways no big difference.
two lanes,minimum speed 100kmph and 90kmph and three lanes 110,100 and 90 kmph ,no?
From left to right.
krash
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I wasn't even thinking of India. I was talking North America. I've driven almost coast to coast here and I can bet my personal money on the statement that since the late 90s Pakistan, categorically, has had better intercity highways/Motorways and expressways than Canada. Most intercity highways here are un-fenced, divided two lane or undivided highways with regular traffic crossings and 90-100kph speed limits.
In Pakistan Motorways are usually 3 lane divided highways with a 120kph limit and expressways are 2 lane divided highways with a 120kph limit. We do have old un-fenced, divided two lane highways like the GT road but those were built too long ago. And undivided 2 lane highways like the KKH but those are either out of necessity or because they are rural highways.
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Adam WANG SHANGHAI MEGA
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Highway is high speed railway in the field of routes. High speed is its core element.
Minimum speed 60kmph while 120kmph as maximum in China ,but I heared that some of german highways has no limit on its maximum speed.
You can drive at 300kmph if you can at the fastest lane.
Minimum speed 60kmph while 120kmph as maximum in China ,but I heared that some of german highways has no limit on its maximum speed.
You can drive at 300kmph if you can at the fastest lane.
Adam WANG SHANGHAI MEGA
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China's expressway surpasses 140,000 kilometers
The origin of the first expressway in mainland China
Pengpai News 2018-10-12 09:45:31
[Editor's note]
https://www.toutiao.com/a6611280659572851213/
How was the first free trade zone in mainland China born, where did the automobile industry open up, and what is the “national first” in Shanghai Pudong Development Zone... In the 40 years of reform and opening up, a batch of original reforms The opening measures shine with the spirit of initiative.
In 2018, on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, the news released a special report on June 22, showing the iconic first case of reform and opening up in the past 40 years.
The expressway in mainland China has been connected to the network. Which is the first expressway?
The answer is the Shanghai-Shanghai Expressway connecting Shanghai's downtown area and Jiading Satellite City. At the end of 1984, the Hujia Expressway broke ground in the Jiading section of the city. In October 1988, the Hujia Expressway was completed and opened to traffic. Behind the construction, from the idea of causing the collision of ideas to the four-year struggle, the builders never gave up and built a solid highway on the soft soil foundation of Shanghai.
So far, the development of highway construction in Shanghai has opened a new page, and several highways have been put into construction. In the past 30 years, the mileage of Shanghai Expressway has reached 829.213 kilometers from 0 kilometers. According to the latest plan, by 2020, the mileage of Shanghai Expressway will exceed 900 kilometers.
Old photos of Hujia Expressway. The pictures in this article are all provided by Shanghai Road Administration Bureau.
Imagine: causing a collision of ideas
In the early days of reform and opening up, Shanghai built satellite towns, adjusted the industrial layout, and the restrictions on transportation conditions became increasingly apparent.
“The urban area to Jiading Satellite City is only over 20 kilometers, but it takes more than 2 hours to travel by car. Among them, the Yangjiaqiao railway crossing is often a few minutes.” Zhang Kuihong, the deputy chief engineer of the Hujia Expressway Construction Command As a metropolis, the development of Shanghai's economy has promoted the rapid development of passenger flow, and the speed of road construction cannot keep up with the growth rate of traffic. Some roads are lower in grade and gradually become crowded.
The proposal to build the Hujia Highway was put on the agenda at that time.
The two construction schemes followed. The first was to broaden the existing Huyi Highway connecting the urban area and Jiading, and transform it into a four-speed and two-slow first-class highway. The other was to relocate and build a brand new one. Car-specific roads, this is the original attempt to build a highway.
However, once the new idea was put forward, it quickly triggered a fierce conceptual collision in the industry. The pros believe that the expressway is a plan for long-term development. The voice of opposition is that the highway cost is too high. At that time, China's automobile industry was not developed, and there was no need to build a highway.
A number of experts conducted a series of research and demonstration on the program, and finally decided to implement the Hujia Highway as a pilot highway. On December 14, 1984, the preliminary design documents of the Hujia Expressway were approved. On December 21, the Hujia Expressway officially broke ground in Jiading.
Construction: How to control land subsidence
After that, the construction of Hujia Highway experienced four years of hard work.
The Hujia Expressway in the planning and design starts from Qilianshan Road in the south of Shanghai, and reaches the south gate of Jiading in the north. It passes through the townships of Taopu, Nanxiang, Malu and Handan. The main line is 15.9 kilometers long. Kilometers, total length 20.5 kilometers, roadbed width 26 meters, two-way two lanes each 7.5 meters wide, two sides of the hard shoulder (emergency parking belt) each 2.5 meters wide, the central separation belt 4.5 meters.
The road is completely enclosed and the design speed is 120 kilometers per hour. There are 3 interchangeable overpasses on the whole line, 21 bridges and 35 lateral passages, all of which are under-type. At the same time, facilities such as anti-shock guardrails, forbidden gates, traffic signs, reflective guides, emergency telephone systems and traffic monitoring systems were set up.
In 1985, large-scale earthworks were fully launched. Except for the completion of the overpass and the bridge on both sides in June 1988, the rest of the earthwork was completed before the end of 1987.
In addition to the semi-interchange three-level interchange of Qilian Mountain Road, the interchangeable rhombus interchange of Xinjiang Road, the interchange of Malu Town and the simple interchange of the North Cross Road, the structural project also designed and built two 500-meter-high highways on the Hujia Expressway. Bridge. The Yunzao Bridge was the longest road bridge in Shanghai at that time, with a total length of 744 meters, a full bridge of 30 spans, a new Zhapu Bridge with a length of 693 meters and a full bridge of 28 spans.
After nearly four years of intense construction, the Hujia Expressway completed a total of 1.36 million cubic meters of earthwork, 155,000 tons of gravel sand cushion, 60,000 tons of cement, 12,000 tons of steel and 15,000 cubic meters of wood. There are 326,000 tons of slag and 140,000 tons of asphalt concrete.
Old photos of Hujia Expressway.
The expressway is a fully enclosed fast track, and the construction process requirements such as roadbed quality and road surface flatness are very high.
"This road has been planned, designed and built up to management. I have participated in the entire process, and I am Jiading. I am very familiar with this road and very emotional." Recalling the construction process of Hujia Expressway, Zhang Kuihong I am filled with emotions. "The builders have overcome many technical difficulties."
Shanghai is a typical soft soil. To build a highway on a soft soil foundation, the first thing to face is how to control the ground subsidence.
It takes more than ten years for the high-grade roadbed to be in place for natural settlement. In order to stabilize the roadbed as soon as possible, the builders developed a “manhole” technique to drive a 7-10 cm diameter permeable pipe. The depth of 20 meters underground, and then into the yellow sand, relying on this technology, accelerate the drainage speed, the roadbed can complete 80% of the settlement in advance within six months, so that the roadbed is basically in a stable state after the completion of the project. For the first time, the power plant waste, fly ash, was turned into a treasure, which was used to replace the soil-filled roadbed, which not only improved the quality of the roadbed, but also saved hundreds of acres of land.
On October 11, 2012, the first automatic card issuing machine of Shanghai Expressway was put into trial use at the G1501 Jiading District toll station after the relocation.
Open to traffic: highways enter the network era
On October 31, 1988, the Hujia Expressway was officially opened to traffic.
After the opening of the car, the previous two-hour drive was reduced to just half an hour, which greatly shortened the space-time distance and reduced the overall transportation cost. In order to strengthen the management of the Hujia Expressway, the former Shanghai Highway Management Office established the Hujia Expressway Management Office and built the first expressway monitoring room in mainland China, which realized the road condition observation and traffic collection functions, and can provide early warning information. Provide basis for release and emergency handling.
“I have been working in the Shanghai-Jiaxing Expressway Management Office for 7 years.” Recalling the past scene, Su Jialin, the director of the Shanghai-Jiaxing Expressway Management Office, is proud of the tone. “When the management office was first established, everyone never touched. Through the management of the expressway, while running and groping, we have gained a lot of successful experiences and painful lessons. We share the experience and lessons of these maintenance management, safe operation, and fee-based operations with road counterparts across the country. It provides some reference for the improvement of the operation management mode and management system of the expressway."
After the overhaul of the S5 Hujia Expressway.
So far, Shanghai's road construction development has opened a new page.
Since the 1990s, Shanghai has successively invested in the construction of expressways such as Shanghai-Nanjing and Shanghai-Hangzhou. According to the Shanghai “153060” expressway network plan, important industrial zones, important market towns, transportation hubs, and major passenger and cargo distribution vehicles can enter the expressway network in 15 minutes. The central city and the new city and the central city to the provincial boundary can communicate for 30 minutes. Arrive within 60 minutes between two points.
In 2007, with the completion of the expressway of the Outer Ring Expressway, Yingbin Expressway, Hulu Expressway, Yufengjin Expressway and Huqingping Expressway, the mileage of the Shanghai Expressway reached 634.62 kilometers, which has entered the network era. The Shanghai-Jia Expressway has become an important ray expressway in the “two-ring, eleven-shot, one-long, one-horizon, and three-link” expressway network system in Shanghai. It is a link between Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta, Jiading New City and the Central City. High level fast track.
In 2018, the total length of highways in Shanghai has reached 13,321,991 kilometers from 1977.998 kilometers in 1978, of which the highway mileage has reached 829.213 kilometers from 0 kilometers. The traffic volume of expressways has also increased from the daily average of more than 4,000 vehicles in the initial period of the opening of Hujia Expressway to an average of 1.3 million vehicles per day, and the highest daily traffic of major holidays exceeds 1.5 million vehicles.
According to the latest plan, by 2020, the mileage of Shanghai Expressway will exceed 900 kilometers. In the future, the number of road links between Shanghai and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces will increase to 67, and a road system integrating the Yangtze River Delta metropolitan area will be built together. The scope of the one-hour metropolitan area will gradually expand, and the entire Yangtze River Delta region will be practical. Feel the "city effect."
中国大陆第一条高速公路是哪条？亲历者忆三十多年前建设往事
原创 澎湃新闻 2018-10-12 09:45:31
【编者按】
https://www.toutiao.com/a6611280659572851213/
中国大陆境内第一个自由贸易区是如何诞生的，汽车业对外开放从哪里起航，上海浦东开发区有哪些“全国第一”……改革开放40年来，一批又一批具有原创性的改革开放措施闪耀着首创精神的光芒。
2018年，中国改革开放40周年之际，澎湃新闻6月22日起推出专题报道，展现40年来的改革开放标志性首创案例。
中国大陆的高速公路已经连线成网，第一条高速公路是哪条？
答案是连接上海中心城区和嘉定卫星城的沪嘉高速。1984年底，沪嘉高速公路在嘉定入城段破土动工。1988年10月，沪嘉高速公路建成通车。建设背后，从提出设想引发观念碰撞，到历时四年的攻坚克难，建设者从未放弃，在上海的软土地基上筑起了坚固的高速公路。
至此，上海的公路建设发展掀开了新的一页，多条高速公路相继投入建设。30年来，上海高速公路里程由0公里达到了829.213公里。根据最新规划，到2020年，上海高速公路里程将突破900公里。
沪嘉高速公路老照片。本文图片均为上海市路政局供图
设想：引发观念碰撞
改革开放初期，上海建设卫星城镇，调整产业布局，交通运输条件的限制日益显现。
“市区到嘉定卫星城不过20多公里，可是乘车需要2个多小时，其中的杨家桥铁路道口，常常一等就是几十分钟。”时任沪嘉高速公路建设指挥部副总工程师的张奎鸿回忆，作为大都市，上海经济的发展促使了客流物流突飞猛进，公路建设速度跟不上车流量的增长速度。部分道路等级较低，逐渐变得拥挤。
建设沪嘉公路的建议在彼时提上日程。
两种建设方案随之而出，一是对原有的连接市区和嘉定的沪宜公路进行拓宽，改建成4快2慢的一级公路；另一种是重新选址，建设一条全新的汽车专用道路，这就是最初尝试建设高速公路的设想。
然而，新设想一经提出，迅速在业界引发激烈的观念碰撞。赞成者认为，高速公路是符合长远发展的规划建设。而反对的声音则是，高速公路成本太高，当时中国的汽车工业也不发达，没必要修建高速公路。
多方专家对方案进行了一系列的研究论证，最后决定将沪嘉公路作为试验性的高速公路进行实施。1984年12月14日，沪嘉高速公路的初步设计文件获批， 12月21日，沪嘉高速公路在嘉定入城段正式破土动工。
建设：如何控制地面沉降
之后，沪嘉公路建设经历了四年的攻坚克难。
规划设计中的沪嘉高速公路南起上海市区祁连山路，北迄卫星城嘉定南门，途经桃浦、南翔、马陆、戬浜4个乡（镇），主线长15.9公里，两端联络线4.6公里，全长共计20.5公里，路基宽26米，双向两条行车道各宽7.5米，两边硬路肩（紧急停车带）各宽2.5米，中央分隔带4.5米。
道路全封闭，设计时速为每小时120公里。全线共有互通式立交桥3座，桥梁21座，横向通道35座，均为下穿式。同时，设置了防冲护栏、禁入栅、交通标志标线、反光导标、紧急电话系统和交通监控系统等设施。
1985年，大规模的土方工程全面启动。除立交桥和大桥两侧于1988年6月完工外，其余土方均在1987年底前完成。
结构工程中除了祁连山路半互通式三层立交、新江路互通式菱形立交、马陆镇互通式菱形立交和跨真北路简易立交外，沪嘉高速公路上还设计建造了两座500米以上大桥。蕴藻浜大桥是当时上海最长的公路桥，全长744米，全桥30跨，新槎浦大桥桥长693米，全桥28跨。
经过近四年的紧张施工，沪嘉高速公路全路共完成土方136万立方米，填筑砾石砂垫层15.5万吨，共用水泥6万吨，钢材1.2万吨，木材1.5万立方米，三渣32.6万吨，沥青混凝土14万吨。
沪嘉高速公路老照片。
高速公路是全封闭的快速通道，对路基质量、路面平整度等施工工艺要求都非常高。
“这条路从规划、设计、建设一直到管理，整个全过程我都参加了，而且我是嘉定人，对这条路很熟悉，也非常有感情。”回忆沪嘉高速的建设过程，张奎鸿感慨万千，“当初建设者们攻克了许多技术难关”。
上海是典型的软土土质，在软土地基上修建高速公路，首先面临的是如何控制地面沉降。
3米的高路基单靠自然沉降到位需要十几年的时间，为了让路基尽快趋于稳定，建设者研制了一种“沙井”技术，将一根根7至10厘米直径的透水管道打入地下20米深处，随后灌入黄沙，依靠这项技术，加速了排水速度，半年内路基便可提前完成80％的沉降，使工程建成后路基基本处于稳定状态。首次将电厂废物——粉煤灰变废为宝，用来代替泥土填充路基，不仅提高了路基质量，还节约了数百亩土地。
2012年10月11日，上海高速公路第一台自动发卡机在迁建完成后的G1501嘉定城区收费站投入试用。
通车：高速公路进入网络时代
1988年10月31日，沪嘉高速公路正式建成通车。
通车后，以往两小时的车程，减少到短短半小时，大大缩短了时空距离，降低了综合运输成本。为了加强沪嘉高速公路的管理，原上海市公路管理处成立了沪嘉高速公路管理所，并建成了中国大陆第一个高速公路监控室，实现了路况观测、流量采集功能，能为预警信息发布、突发事件处置提供依据。
“我在沪嘉高速公路管理所工作了7年。”忆及往日情景，沪嘉高速公路管理所时任所长苏佳林语气中透着自豪，“管理所刚成立时，所有人都从来没有接触过高速公路的管理工作，边运行、边摸索。其间收获了许多成功的经验，也有惨痛的教训，我们把这些养护管理、安全作业、收费运营的经验和教训，分享给全国各地的公路同行，为高速公路的运营管理模式和管理体制的完善提供了一些借鉴。”
大修后的S5沪嘉高速。
至此，上海的公路建设发展掀开了新的一页。
1990年代开始，上海又相继投入了沪宁、沪杭等高速公路建设。按照上海“153060”高速公路网规划，重要工业区、重要集镇、交通枢纽、主要客货集散地车辆15分钟可进入高速公路网，中心城与新城、中心城至省界30分钟互通，高速网上任意两点间60分钟内到达。
2007年，随着外环高速、迎宾高速、沪芦高速、莘奉金高速、沪青平高速等高速公路相继竣工通车，上海高速公路里程达到了634.62公里，已经全面进入了网络时代。而沪嘉高速公路成为上海“两环、十一射、一纵、一横、三联”高速公路网体系中一条重要的射线高速公路，是上海与长三角地区、嘉定新城与中心城之间一条高等级的快速通道。
2018年，上海全市公路总里程已由1978年的1977.998公里达到了13321.991公里，其中高速公路里程由0公里达到了829.213公里。高速公路车流量也从沪嘉高速刚开通初期的日均4000余辆，增长为全路网日均约130万辆，重大节假日最高日流量超过150万辆次的水平。
根据最新规划，到2020年，上海高速公路里程将突破900公里。未来，上海与江、浙两省的公路联接通道也将增加至67条，共同构筑起长三角都市圈一体化的公路体系，一小时都市圈的范围将逐步扩大，整个长三角地区都将切实感受到“同城效应”。
As a populous country and a regional strong power, I think Pakistan should have at least 10,000 kilometers of expressways to provide road infrastructure support for rapid economic development!
The origin of the first expressway in mainland China
Pengpai News 2018-10-12 09:45:31
[Editor's note]
https://www.toutiao.com/a6611280659572851213/
How was the first free trade zone in mainland China born, where did the automobile industry open up, and what is the “national first” in Shanghai Pudong Development Zone... In the 40 years of reform and opening up, a batch of original reforms The opening measures shine with the spirit of initiative.
In 2018, on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, the news released a special report on June 22, showing the iconic first case of reform and opening up in the past 40 years.
The expressway in mainland China has been connected to the network. Which is the first expressway?
The answer is the Shanghai-Shanghai Expressway connecting Shanghai's downtown area and Jiading Satellite City. At the end of 1984, the Hujia Expressway broke ground in the Jiading section of the city. In October 1988, the Hujia Expressway was completed and opened to traffic. Behind the construction, from the idea of causing the collision of ideas to the four-year struggle, the builders never gave up and built a solid highway on the soft soil foundation of Shanghai.
So far, the development of highway construction in Shanghai has opened a new page, and several highways have been put into construction. In the past 30 years, the mileage of Shanghai Expressway has reached 829.213 kilometers from 0 kilometers. According to the latest plan, by 2020, the mileage of Shanghai Expressway will exceed 900 kilometers.
Old photos of Hujia Expressway. The pictures in this article are all provided by Shanghai Road Administration Bureau.
Imagine: causing a collision of ideas
In the early days of reform and opening up, Shanghai built satellite towns, adjusted the industrial layout, and the restrictions on transportation conditions became increasingly apparent.
“The urban area to Jiading Satellite City is only over 20 kilometers, but it takes more than 2 hours to travel by car. Among them, the Yangjiaqiao railway crossing is often a few minutes.” Zhang Kuihong, the deputy chief engineer of the Hujia Expressway Construction Command As a metropolis, the development of Shanghai's economy has promoted the rapid development of passenger flow, and the speed of road construction cannot keep up with the growth rate of traffic. Some roads are lower in grade and gradually become crowded.
The proposal to build the Hujia Highway was put on the agenda at that time.
The two construction schemes followed. The first was to broaden the existing Huyi Highway connecting the urban area and Jiading, and transform it into a four-speed and two-slow first-class highway. The other was to relocate and build a brand new one. Car-specific roads, this is the original attempt to build a highway.
However, once the new idea was put forward, it quickly triggered a fierce conceptual collision in the industry. The pros believe that the expressway is a plan for long-term development. The voice of opposition is that the highway cost is too high. At that time, China's automobile industry was not developed, and there was no need to build a highway.
A number of experts conducted a series of research and demonstration on the program, and finally decided to implement the Hujia Highway as a pilot highway. On December 14, 1984, the preliminary design documents of the Hujia Expressway were approved. On December 21, the Hujia Expressway officially broke ground in Jiading.
Construction: How to control land subsidence
After that, the construction of Hujia Highway experienced four years of hard work.
The Hujia Expressway in the planning and design starts from Qilianshan Road in the south of Shanghai, and reaches the south gate of Jiading in the north. It passes through the townships of Taopu, Nanxiang, Malu and Handan. The main line is 15.9 kilometers long. Kilometers, total length 20.5 kilometers, roadbed width 26 meters, two-way two lanes each 7.5 meters wide, two sides of the hard shoulder (emergency parking belt) each 2.5 meters wide, the central separation belt 4.5 meters.
The road is completely enclosed and the design speed is 120 kilometers per hour. There are 3 interchangeable overpasses on the whole line, 21 bridges and 35 lateral passages, all of which are under-type. At the same time, facilities such as anti-shock guardrails, forbidden gates, traffic signs, reflective guides, emergency telephone systems and traffic monitoring systems were set up.
In 1985, large-scale earthworks were fully launched. Except for the completion of the overpass and the bridge on both sides in June 1988, the rest of the earthwork was completed before the end of 1987.
In addition to the semi-interchange three-level interchange of Qilian Mountain Road, the interchangeable rhombus interchange of Xinjiang Road, the interchange of Malu Town and the simple interchange of the North Cross Road, the structural project also designed and built two 500-meter-high highways on the Hujia Expressway. Bridge. The Yunzao Bridge was the longest road bridge in Shanghai at that time, with a total length of 744 meters, a full bridge of 30 spans, a new Zhapu Bridge with a length of 693 meters and a full bridge of 28 spans.
After nearly four years of intense construction, the Hujia Expressway completed a total of 1.36 million cubic meters of earthwork, 155,000 tons of gravel sand cushion, 60,000 tons of cement, 12,000 tons of steel and 15,000 cubic meters of wood. There are 326,000 tons of slag and 140,000 tons of asphalt concrete.
Old photos of Hujia Expressway.
The expressway is a fully enclosed fast track, and the construction process requirements such as roadbed quality and road surface flatness are very high.
"This road has been planned, designed and built up to management. I have participated in the entire process, and I am Jiading. I am very familiar with this road and very emotional." Recalling the construction process of Hujia Expressway, Zhang Kuihong I am filled with emotions. "The builders have overcome many technical difficulties."
Shanghai is a typical soft soil. To build a highway on a soft soil foundation, the first thing to face is how to control the ground subsidence.
It takes more than ten years for the high-grade roadbed to be in place for natural settlement. In order to stabilize the roadbed as soon as possible, the builders developed a “manhole” technique to drive a 7-10 cm diameter permeable pipe. The depth of 20 meters underground, and then into the yellow sand, relying on this technology, accelerate the drainage speed, the roadbed can complete 80% of the settlement in advance within six months, so that the roadbed is basically in a stable state after the completion of the project. For the first time, the power plant waste, fly ash, was turned into a treasure, which was used to replace the soil-filled roadbed, which not only improved the quality of the roadbed, but also saved hundreds of acres of land.
On October 11, 2012, the first automatic card issuing machine of Shanghai Expressway was put into trial use at the G1501 Jiading District toll station after the relocation.
Open to traffic: highways enter the network era
On October 31, 1988, the Hujia Expressway was officially opened to traffic.
After the opening of the car, the previous two-hour drive was reduced to just half an hour, which greatly shortened the space-time distance and reduced the overall transportation cost. In order to strengthen the management of the Hujia Expressway, the former Shanghai Highway Management Office established the Hujia Expressway Management Office and built the first expressway monitoring room in mainland China, which realized the road condition observation and traffic collection functions, and can provide early warning information. Provide basis for release and emergency handling.
“I have been working in the Shanghai-Jiaxing Expressway Management Office for 7 years.” Recalling the past scene, Su Jialin, the director of the Shanghai-Jiaxing Expressway Management Office, is proud of the tone. “When the management office was first established, everyone never touched. Through the management of the expressway, while running and groping, we have gained a lot of successful experiences and painful lessons. We share the experience and lessons of these maintenance management, safe operation, and fee-based operations with road counterparts across the country. It provides some reference for the improvement of the operation management mode and management system of the expressway."
After the overhaul of the S5 Hujia Expressway.
So far, Shanghai's road construction development has opened a new page.
Since the 1990s, Shanghai has successively invested in the construction of expressways such as Shanghai-Nanjing and Shanghai-Hangzhou. According to the Shanghai “153060” expressway network plan, important industrial zones, important market towns, transportation hubs, and major passenger and cargo distribution vehicles can enter the expressway network in 15 minutes. The central city and the new city and the central city to the provincial boundary can communicate for 30 minutes. Arrive within 60 minutes between two points.
In 2007, with the completion of the expressway of the Outer Ring Expressway, Yingbin Expressway, Hulu Expressway, Yufengjin Expressway and Huqingping Expressway, the mileage of the Shanghai Expressway reached 634.62 kilometers, which has entered the network era. The Shanghai-Jia Expressway has become an important ray expressway in the “two-ring, eleven-shot, one-long, one-horizon, and three-link” expressway network system in Shanghai. It is a link between Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta, Jiading New City and the Central City. High level fast track.
In 2018, the total length of highways in Shanghai has reached 13,321,991 kilometers from 1977.998 kilometers in 1978, of which the highway mileage has reached 829.213 kilometers from 0 kilometers. The traffic volume of expressways has also increased from the daily average of more than 4,000 vehicles in the initial period of the opening of Hujia Expressway to an average of 1.3 million vehicles per day, and the highest daily traffic of major holidays exceeds 1.5 million vehicles.
According to the latest plan, by 2020, the mileage of Shanghai Expressway will exceed 900 kilometers. In the future, the number of road links between Shanghai and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces will increase to 67, and a road system integrating the Yangtze River Delta metropolitan area will be built together. The scope of the one-hour metropolitan area will gradually expand, and the entire Yangtze River Delta region will be practical. Feel the "city effect."
中国大陆第一条高速公路是哪条？亲历者忆三十多年前建设往事
原创 澎湃新闻 2018-10-12 09:45:31
【编者按】
https://www.toutiao.com/a6611280659572851213/
中国大陆境内第一个自由贸易区是如何诞生的，汽车业对外开放从哪里起航，上海浦东开发区有哪些“全国第一”……改革开放40年来，一批又一批具有原创性的改革开放措施闪耀着首创精神的光芒。
2018年，中国改革开放40周年之际，澎湃新闻6月22日起推出专题报道，展现40年来的改革开放标志性首创案例。
中国大陆的高速公路已经连线成网，第一条高速公路是哪条？
答案是连接上海中心城区和嘉定卫星城的沪嘉高速。1984年底，沪嘉高速公路在嘉定入城段破土动工。1988年10月，沪嘉高速公路建成通车。建设背后，从提出设想引发观念碰撞，到历时四年的攻坚克难，建设者从未放弃，在上海的软土地基上筑起了坚固的高速公路。
至此，上海的公路建设发展掀开了新的一页，多条高速公路相继投入建设。30年来，上海高速公路里程由0公里达到了829.213公里。根据最新规划，到2020年，上海高速公路里程将突破900公里。
沪嘉高速公路老照片。本文图片均为上海市路政局供图
设想：引发观念碰撞
改革开放初期，上海建设卫星城镇，调整产业布局，交通运输条件的限制日益显现。
“市区到嘉定卫星城不过20多公里，可是乘车需要2个多小时，其中的杨家桥铁路道口，常常一等就是几十分钟。”时任沪嘉高速公路建设指挥部副总工程师的张奎鸿回忆，作为大都市，上海经济的发展促使了客流物流突飞猛进，公路建设速度跟不上车流量的增长速度。部分道路等级较低，逐渐变得拥挤。
建设沪嘉公路的建议在彼时提上日程。
两种建设方案随之而出，一是对原有的连接市区和嘉定的沪宜公路进行拓宽，改建成4快2慢的一级公路；另一种是重新选址，建设一条全新的汽车专用道路，这就是最初尝试建设高速公路的设想。
然而，新设想一经提出，迅速在业界引发激烈的观念碰撞。赞成者认为，高速公路是符合长远发展的规划建设。而反对的声音则是，高速公路成本太高，当时中国的汽车工业也不发达，没必要修建高速公路。
多方专家对方案进行了一系列的研究论证，最后决定将沪嘉公路作为试验性的高速公路进行实施。1984年12月14日，沪嘉高速公路的初步设计文件获批， 12月21日，沪嘉高速公路在嘉定入城段正式破土动工。
建设：如何控制地面沉降
之后，沪嘉公路建设经历了四年的攻坚克难。
规划设计中的沪嘉高速公路南起上海市区祁连山路，北迄卫星城嘉定南门，途经桃浦、南翔、马陆、戬浜4个乡（镇），主线长15.9公里，两端联络线4.6公里，全长共计20.5公里，路基宽26米，双向两条行车道各宽7.5米，两边硬路肩（紧急停车带）各宽2.5米，中央分隔带4.5米。
道路全封闭，设计时速为每小时120公里。全线共有互通式立交桥3座，桥梁21座，横向通道35座，均为下穿式。同时，设置了防冲护栏、禁入栅、交通标志标线、反光导标、紧急电话系统和交通监控系统等设施。
1985年，大规模的土方工程全面启动。除立交桥和大桥两侧于1988年6月完工外，其余土方均在1987年底前完成。
结构工程中除了祁连山路半互通式三层立交、新江路互通式菱形立交、马陆镇互通式菱形立交和跨真北路简易立交外，沪嘉高速公路上还设计建造了两座500米以上大桥。蕴藻浜大桥是当时上海最长的公路桥，全长744米，全桥30跨，新槎浦大桥桥长693米，全桥28跨。
经过近四年的紧张施工，沪嘉高速公路全路共完成土方136万立方米，填筑砾石砂垫层15.5万吨，共用水泥6万吨，钢材1.2万吨，木材1.5万立方米，三渣32.6万吨，沥青混凝土14万吨。
沪嘉高速公路老照片。
高速公路是全封闭的快速通道，对路基质量、路面平整度等施工工艺要求都非常高。
“这条路从规划、设计、建设一直到管理，整个全过程我都参加了，而且我是嘉定人，对这条路很熟悉，也非常有感情。”回忆沪嘉高速的建设过程，张奎鸿感慨万千，“当初建设者们攻克了许多技术难关”。
上海是典型的软土土质，在软土地基上修建高速公路，首先面临的是如何控制地面沉降。
3米的高路基单靠自然沉降到位需要十几年的时间，为了让路基尽快趋于稳定，建设者研制了一种“沙井”技术，将一根根7至10厘米直径的透水管道打入地下20米深处，随后灌入黄沙，依靠这项技术，加速了排水速度，半年内路基便可提前完成80％的沉降，使工程建成后路基基本处于稳定状态。首次将电厂废物——粉煤灰变废为宝，用来代替泥土填充路基，不仅提高了路基质量，还节约了数百亩土地。
2012年10月11日，上海高速公路第一台自动发卡机在迁建完成后的G1501嘉定城区收费站投入试用。
通车：高速公路进入网络时代
1988年10月31日，沪嘉高速公路正式建成通车。
通车后，以往两小时的车程，减少到短短半小时，大大缩短了时空距离，降低了综合运输成本。为了加强沪嘉高速公路的管理，原上海市公路管理处成立了沪嘉高速公路管理所，并建成了中国大陆第一个高速公路监控室，实现了路况观测、流量采集功能，能为预警信息发布、突发事件处置提供依据。
“我在沪嘉高速公路管理所工作了7年。”忆及往日情景，沪嘉高速公路管理所时任所长苏佳林语气中透着自豪，“管理所刚成立时，所有人都从来没有接触过高速公路的管理工作，边运行、边摸索。其间收获了许多成功的经验，也有惨痛的教训，我们把这些养护管理、安全作业、收费运营的经验和教训，分享给全国各地的公路同行，为高速公路的运营管理模式和管理体制的完善提供了一些借鉴。”
大修后的S5沪嘉高速。
至此，上海的公路建设发展掀开了新的一页。
1990年代开始，上海又相继投入了沪宁、沪杭等高速公路建设。按照上海“153060”高速公路网规划，重要工业区、重要集镇、交通枢纽、主要客货集散地车辆15分钟可进入高速公路网，中心城与新城、中心城至省界30分钟互通，高速网上任意两点间60分钟内到达。
2007年，随着外环高速、迎宾高速、沪芦高速、莘奉金高速、沪青平高速等高速公路相继竣工通车，上海高速公路里程达到了634.62公里，已经全面进入了网络时代。而沪嘉高速公路成为上海“两环、十一射、一纵、一横、三联”高速公路网体系中一条重要的射线高速公路，是上海与长三角地区、嘉定新城与中心城之间一条高等级的快速通道。
2018年，上海全市公路总里程已由1978年的1977.998公里达到了13321.991公里，其中高速公路里程由0公里达到了829.213公里。高速公路车流量也从沪嘉高速刚开通初期的日均4000余辆，增长为全路网日均约130万辆，重大节假日最高日流量超过150万辆次的水平。
根据最新规划，到2020年，上海高速公路里程将突破900公里。未来，上海与江、浙两省的公路联接通道也将增加至67条，共同构筑起长三角都市圈一体化的公路体系，一小时都市圈的范围将逐步扩大，整个长三角地区都将切实感受到“同城效应”。
As a populous country and a regional strong power, I think Pakistan should have at least 10,000 kilometers of expressways to provide road infrastructure support for rapid economic development!
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Thorough Pro
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After driving on 401 Parkway, Pakistani highways feel like real highways, at least for the time being.
Adam WANG SHANGHAI MEGA
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Wish Pakistani people could have more and more high quality and affordable motorways.Definitely a good thing.
Mordern motorways survey, design,construction and operation,etc. are a system work,China mastered them only around 2005,less than 14 years.
And with new AI techs,Auto driving techs,more systems, more equipments more management experiences are required, for ex. if an accident happened on those motorways, how to manage the treatment to reduce the interference to others cars, you know, if you are behind the car which had accident, you do not want to wait 6 hours before you can continue drive. etc.
airmarshal
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True. I m not a fan of Canadian highways but if you drive down to US, their highways are very, very good. Canada compared to that network looks underdeveloped.
The number of kilometres of Pakistan highways is too small to make a comparison with USA or other developed countries in Europe.
Sheikh Rauf
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60 kmph is too low 90 to 100 kmph or 120 even kmph is better on highway.
Adam WANG SHANGHAI MEGA
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60kmph is minimum requirment,there are always emergency or accident may happen,so you need to slow down into emergency lane.
Sheikh Rauf
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yes on highway car sud not be slower than 60 kmph that also sud be minimum speed incase of emergency or road accident can be exception.
if highways are good Max speed can be as much as you want like some german high ways.
Adam WANG SHANGHAI MEGA
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T
That is why we need safe and more fast 350kmph high speed railways as well as near future 400kmph ones!
True,but I have no guts to drive at 200 kmph or 250 kmph or 300kmph on highways! 120 feels quite fast for me.
That is why we need safe and more fast 350kmph high speed railways as well as near future 400kmph ones!
Pakistan should thank nawaz shariff who had the foresight to involve Korean daewoo in the 90s to build Pakistan's first motorway.
But after 2 decades, why involve China in new highways. Using your own contractors, you can stimulate the local economy.
But after 2 decades, why involve China in new highways. Using your own contractors, you can stimulate the local economy.
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