Iran's domestic advanced jet trainer "Yasin"

[mohsen]

If the Chinese can produce stealth fighters, then they surely can produce ejection seats.

So you mean they are producing the seats of Russian jets?

Chinese have the will, the brain, the money, and access to under license productions.

 

[vi-va]

Well those names I mentioned myself, maybe it's UK and Russia. nevertheless I'm sure a military guy (who access to chinese commanders too) knows better than wiki readers.

You know better that many countries open up their production lines in China, yet it doesn't mean that China is the license owner.

China developed around 20+ type of ejection seat since 1969, so you mean those are produced under license?

Currently J-11, J-15, J-16 use HTY-8 which is developed by China 610 Institute of Aeronautics life-saving equipment, based on K-36. speed 0-1400km/h，height 0-25km，g force≤20G，0.7-2.45s. It's one of the best compare with K-36 and Martin-Baker ACES II.

While the ejection seat in J-20 is different, more advanced, forth generation, different from K-36, there is no visible stabilizer.
Hope the article below helps.
https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv2297323/

中国飞行员的方舟

中国的弹射座椅型号目前大概分为HTY-1-8。而HTY是H是火箭、T是弹射、Y是椅的汉语拼音头字母，当然也有是“航(空)逃(生)椅”的拼音首字母这一说法。

那么就从最开始的HTY-1开始说。

HTY-1：第二代火箭弹射座椅，1960年代末研制。装备歼-6II，歼-7，强-5等机型。

HTY-1弹射座椅
HTY-2：第二代火箭弹射座椅，1960-1970年代研制。是HTY-1的大改型号，改善了火箭包，改装了分离操纵系统，装备了救生-10甲救生伞和稳定-3减速稳定伞，弹射包线为时速250-850公里。装备歼-6III、歼-7II等机型。

HTY-2弹射座椅
这款座椅将原来歼-7的繁复的带离式改为敞开式，原来的带离式系统复杂，质量低劣，很容易失败。

米格-21F-13的带离式弹射救生装置
HTY-3: 第二代火箭弹射座椅，1970年代研制，是中国第一个解决了零高度-零速度(即零-零弹射)的座椅。弹射包线为平飞时速0-850公里，飞行高度0-20公里。装备歼-7III和歼-8、强-5改等机型。

HTY-3弹射座椅
HTY-4：第二代火箭弹射座椅，1980年代研制。是中国首个达到时速0-1000公里救生包线的弹射座椅，同时可以控制在4000米以上不开伞，防止伞的破碎，因此加强了高空跳伞的安全性。但是并未做到对高速开伞的控制，而高速开伞也可能导致伞破。

左为HTY-3,右为HTY-4

而HTY-4型也存在着多种改型，比如基本型号的HTY-4装备了歼-7III，歼-7C，歼-7D等；

HYT-4A则装备了歼-8II等型号；

HTY-4B则装备了歼轰-7（即我们所说的飞豹），而后期飞豹上的弹射座椅则逐渐被HTY-6所代替。

HTY-4弹射座椅
HTY-5：第三代多(双)态控制弹射座椅，1980年代末-2000年代研制。采用了新型椅背火箭技术、微爆穿盖技术——舱盖中央有导爆索，碎片大小均匀、座椅出舱稳定。因为HTY-5是为了歼-10而研制的，因为歼-10由于采用了高过载座舱设计，座椅后倾达到22度，因此为它专门开发了一款性能较高的HTY-5座椅。因此HTY-5立项时间早，因此排到了5，但是定型时间晚，因此HTY-5比后面说到的HTY-6和HTY-7还要先进可靠。

HTY-5弹射座椅

歼-10弹射座椅地面测试
而HTY-5的主要结构和控制系统设计均参考自当时英美的早期第三代座椅，在基本设计风格上和我国长期使用的苏联座椅完全不同。（这里说一下，虽然西式弹射座椅很先进，但是从设计理念上来说，俄式弹射座椅也是相当先进，自从巴黎航展上那惊天的一次弹射，可以说让西方世界对俄式弹射座椅刮目相看，因此也让后来的K-36D-3.5德诞生埋下伏笔）

但是毋庸置疑，HTY-5在近几年用他的实际表现证明了这款弹射座椅的优良可靠。服役以来，就只有三名飞行员牺牲，其中两次无关弹射座椅关系，还有一次事情经过不详，但是其他示例也证明了HTY-5目前状况依然良好。

HTY-5弹射试验，注意座椅与座舱之间有根稳定绳，它对座椅出舱姿态进行稳定
HTY-6：准三代火箭弹射座椅，1980-1990年代研制。采用QKS-14速度-高度双态控制器。救生包线为时速0-1000公里，高度0-21公里。

HTY-6弹射座椅
因为HTY-6的双态程序控制模式与机械时钟控制器都让HTY-6相较于HTY-5,HTY-8来说还落后，因此许多人称为“准三代座椅”也没有错。

不过HTY-6有一点却可以让HTY-6在中国弹射座椅上留下不可磨灭的一笔，那便是对于中国弹射座椅的通用化尝试。HTY-6有多种分支型号来装备不同飞机。

比如HTY-6基本型装备给歼-8III（虽然这货因为一架栽沟里，一架烧了发动机后就下马了）和歼-8F；

HTY-6B则装备飞豹并逐渐替换老批次飞豹上老式的HTY-4B；

HTY-6C型座椅
HTY-6D用于教-9

HTY-6F成为轰-6救生系统STZ-7的一部分，一架轰-6装备3套该型座椅，并应用了侧向轨迹发散火箭，防止多套座椅弹射时相互碰撞。之前网上大火的轰-6K便是装备了此种弹射座椅。

自此，老轰6的弹射悲剧再也不复存在

至于飞行员怎么从轰-6K里弹射出来的，这张图可以说明答案
HTY-6G则装备了“山鹰”“猎鹰”等型号的飞机

无论如何，HTY-6终将在人民空军中继续存在下去，或许还会存在很长一段时间。

HTY-7：第二代火箭弹射座椅，1980-1990年代研制，是我国第一款采用穿盖弹射技术的座椅。装备于K-8和国内教练-8教练机等型号。这是一款很不错的产品。由于K-8本来就是教练机，故障率比较低，速度和过载都不大，加上HTY-7的性能也很不错，因此K-8没有发生过一等事故。HTY-7的缺点是，依靠座椅自身侧角的冲力撞破座舱盖，舱盖产生的碎片大小不一，容易划伤乘员。

HTY-7弹射座椅，可以很明显看到座椅上用来撞破舱盖的侧角
HTY-8：第三代多(双)态控制弹射座椅，2007年12月定型。该型号是610所在俄罗斯K-36座椅的基础上研制的。弹射包线达到时速0-1400公里，高度0-25公里，弹射筒工作最大过载≤20G，射救生伞时间0.7-2.45秒，救生性能可满足美军标MIL-S-18471GD要求。装备国产歼-11B系列、歼-15/S、歼-16等型号。HTY-8的性能很高，国产双发三代机飞行员的伤亡率很低。

HTY-8弹射座椅，可以很明显看到座椅上的稳定杆收纳桶

俄式K-36座椅高速稳定设计，可以看到前方防护板伸出，手肘处限臂器挡板放下，座椅两侧稳定杆伸出

歼-15装备的也是HTY-8
至于歼-20用的是啥....我也不知道，不过座椅上并没有俄式K-36系列的稳定杆收纳桶，估计不是HTY-8改型，但是具体是啥...别问，问就泄密....

 

[Sina-1]

So you mean they are producing the seats of Russian jets?

Chinese have the will, the brain, the money, and access to under license productions.

Real military power comes from acquiring self designed and produced military hardware. Even license production is a risk. I’m sure 1.4B population China also understands this elementary fact!

 

[VEVAK]

To be honest, IMHO the most similar plane it's Taiwanese AT-3
View attachment 584640

For comparision
View attachment 584642

A lot of these type of subsonic trainers look similar because they all have many of the same requirements which is to slowly get pilots ready to fly faster and faster to + Mach 0.8 (1000kph) flight and at the same time take on more and more G's during training.

Aero L-39, MiG-AT, AT-3, CASA C-101, T-45C, S.211, HJT-36, BEA Hawk, JL-8, IAR 99, SOKO G4 & Iran's Yasin all look similar and have similar characteristics for they are all trainers so the list of aircraft that look similar to Iran's Yasin is very long however Iran's version seems to be on the higher end versions of that airframe style trainers for it's faster than most of them with an airframe that's more sturdy clearly built to get pilots used to higher G turns.

For Iran a subsonic jet trainer sturdy enough to get pilots used to piloting at higher G's (Before they got into Iranian versions of the F-5B/F trainers) was the main gap in Iran's Domestic Fighter Pilot program that this aircraft is meant to address.

 

[mohsen]

Real military power comes from acquiring self designed and produced military hardware. Even license production is a risk. I’m sure 1.4B population China also understands this elementary fact!

China developed around 20+ type of ejection seat since 1969, so you mean those are produced under license?

Currently J-11, J-15, J-16 use HTY-8 which is developed by China 610 Institute of Aeronautics life-saving equipment, based on K-36. speed 0-1400km/h，height 0-25km，g force≤20G，0.7-2.45s. It's one of the best compare with K-36 and Martin-Baker ACES II.

While the ejection seat in J-20 is different, more advanced, forth generation, different from K-36, there is no visible stabilizer.
Hope the article below helps.
https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv2297323/

中国飞行员的方舟

中国的弹射座椅型号目前大概分为HTY-1-8。而HTY是H是火箭、T是弹射、Y是椅的汉语拼音头字母，当然也有是“航(空)逃(生)椅”的拼音首字母这一说法。

那么就从最开始的HTY-1开始说。

HTY-1：第二代火箭弹射座椅，1960年代末研制。装备歼-6II，歼-7，强-5等机型。

HTY-1弹射座椅
HTY-2：第二代火箭弹射座椅，1960-1970年代研制。是HTY-1的大改型号，改善了火箭包，改装了分离操纵系统，装备了救生-10甲救生伞和稳定-3减速稳定伞，弹射包线为时速250-850公里。装备歼-6III、歼-7II等机型。

HTY-2弹射座椅
这款座椅将原来歼-7的繁复的带离式改为敞开式，原来的带离式系统复杂，质量低劣，很容易失败。

米格-21F-13的带离式弹射救生装置
HTY-3: 第二代火箭弹射座椅，1970年代研制，是中国第一个解决了零高度-零速度(即零-零弹射)的座椅。弹射包线为平飞时速0-850公里，飞行高度0-20公里。装备歼-7III和歼-8、强-5改等机型。

HTY-3弹射座椅
HTY-4：第二代火箭弹射座椅，1980年代研制。是中国首个达到时速0-1000公里救生包线的弹射座椅，同时可以控制在4000米以上不开伞，防止伞的破碎，因此加强了高空跳伞的安全性。但是并未做到对高速开伞的控制，而高速开伞也可能导致伞破。

左为HTY-3,右为HTY-4

而HTY-4型也存在着多种改型，比如基本型号的HTY-4装备了歼-7III，歼-7C，歼-7D等；

HYT-4A则装备了歼-8II等型号；

HTY-4B则装备了歼轰-7（即我们所说的飞豹），而后期飞豹上的弹射座椅则逐渐被HTY-6所代替。

HTY-4弹射座椅
HTY-5：第三代多(双)态控制弹射座椅，1980年代末-2000年代研制。采用了新型椅背火箭技术、微爆穿盖技术——舱盖中央有导爆索，碎片大小均匀、座椅出舱稳定。因为HTY-5是为了歼-10而研制的，因为歼-10由于采用了高过载座舱设计，座椅后倾达到22度，因此为它专门开发了一款性能较高的HTY-5座椅。因此HTY-5立项时间早，因此排到了5，但是定型时间晚，因此HTY-5比后面说到的HTY-6和HTY-7还要先进可靠。

HTY-5弹射座椅

歼-10弹射座椅地面测试
而HTY-5的主要结构和控制系统设计均参考自当时英美的早期第三代座椅，在基本设计风格上和我国长期使用的苏联座椅完全不同。（这里说一下，虽然西式弹射座椅很先进，但是从设计理念上来说，俄式弹射座椅也是相当先进，自从巴黎航展上那惊天的一次弹射，可以说让西方世界对俄式弹射座椅刮目相看，因此也让后来的K-36D-3.5德诞生埋下伏笔）

但是毋庸置疑，HTY-5在近几年用他的实际表现证明了这款弹射座椅的优良可靠。服役以来，就只有三名飞行员牺牲，其中两次无关弹射座椅关系，还有一次事情经过不详，但是其他示例也证明了HTY-5目前状况依然良好。

HTY-5弹射试验，注意座椅与座舱之间有根稳定绳，它对座椅出舱姿态进行稳定
HTY-6：准三代火箭弹射座椅，1980-1990年代研制。采用QKS-14速度-高度双态控制器。救生包线为时速0-1000公里，高度0-21公里。

HTY-6弹射座椅
因为HTY-6的双态程序控制模式与机械时钟控制器都让HTY-6相较于HTY-5,HTY-8来说还落后，因此许多人称为“准三代座椅”也没有错。

不过HTY-6有一点却可以让HTY-6在中国弹射座椅上留下不可磨灭的一笔，那便是对于中国弹射座椅的通用化尝试。HTY-6有多种分支型号来装备不同飞机。

比如HTY-6基本型装备给歼-8III（虽然这货因为一架栽沟里，一架烧了发动机后就下马了）和歼-8F；

HTY-6B则装备飞豹并逐渐替换老批次飞豹上老式的HTY-4B；

HTY-6C型座椅
HTY-6D用于教-9

HTY-6F成为轰-6救生系统STZ-7的一部分，一架轰-6装备3套该型座椅，并应用了侧向轨迹发散火箭，防止多套座椅弹射时相互碰撞。之前网上大火的轰-6K便是装备了此种弹射座椅。

自此，老轰6的弹射悲剧再也不复存在

至于飞行员怎么从轰-6K里弹射出来的，这张图可以说明答案
HTY-6G则装备了“山鹰”“猎鹰”等型号的飞机

无论如何，HTY-6终将在人民空军中继续存在下去，或许还会存在很长一段时间。

HTY-7：第二代火箭弹射座椅，1980-1990年代研制，是我国第一款采用穿盖弹射技术的座椅。装备于K-8和国内教练-8教练机等型号。这是一款很不错的产品。由于K-8本来就是教练机，故障率比较低，速度和过载都不大，加上HTY-7的性能也很不错，因此K-8没有发生过一等事故。HTY-7的缺点是，依靠座椅自身侧角的冲力撞破座舱盖，舱盖产生的碎片大小不一，容易划伤乘员。

HTY-7弹射座椅，可以很明显看到座椅上用来撞破舱盖的侧角
HTY-8：第三代多(双)态控制弹射座椅，2007年12月定型。该型号是610所在俄罗斯K-36座椅的基础上研制的。弹射包线达到时速0-1400公里，高度0-25公里，弹射筒工作最大过载≤20G，射救生伞时间0.7-2.45秒，救生性能可满足美军标MIL-S-18471GD要求。装备国产歼-11B系列、歼-15/S、歼-16等型号。HTY-8的性能很高，国产双发三代机飞行员的伤亡率很低。

HTY-8弹射座椅，可以很明显看到座椅上的稳定杆收纳桶

俄式K-36座椅高速稳定设计，可以看到前方防护板伸出，手肘处限臂器挡板放下，座椅两侧稳定杆伸出

歼-15装备的也是HTY-8
至于歼-20用的是啥....我也不知道，不过座椅上并没有俄式K-36系列的稳定杆收纳桶，估计不是HTY-8改型，但是具体是啥...别问，问就泄密....

Let's put it this way:

China has been producing HQ series of air defenses from decades ago, up to HQ9 which were called equivalent to Russians S300 and I'm sure you can copy paste lots of Chinese stuff about them into this topic! (Iran bought your retired HQ2 as well), then Russia put S-400 in the market and China bought it.

Iran produced it's own domestic Bavar-373 and even before it entered service said we don't need Russian's S-400 anymore, even though Russians offered their S400 to Iran several times (more like begging!)

What do you think is the difference?

Under license doesn't mean the whole product is from foreign, but at least certain key elements...

And I say it again, the commander who said just two countries, is responsible for self sufficiency organization in Iran's air force, the guy who is responsible for proclaiming stuff including that seat. now if you think he doesn't know China's capabilities (as a somehow friendly country) or doesn't want to recognize your capabilities, it is another story (though he didn't name any country)

 

[PeeD]

The Yasin is designed to simulate real jets according to the news. This means there are different modes that simulate different (subsonic limited) fighters in Iranian service.
It lacks the acceleration to do that 1:1 but the rest shall be very similar to the F-5, F-4, F-14, Mig-29 and Su-24. At least modes for F-5, F-4 and Mig-29 should exist.

This here is speculative but to simulate the twin vertical rudders of the Mig-29 it would need a large single vertical rudder. The AT-3 and Yasin (to lesser extend Mig-AT) have a special design to enable such a large single rudder while the others either don't or need a very tall vertical stabilizer (Yak-130). That taller vertical stabilizer would then add to worse aerodynamic performance on that specific element.
So this similarity was probably requirement-driven to enable simulation of the Mig-29 and keep aerodynamic losses of the vertical stabilizer low.

This is a good sign, as looks is secondary to function. The goal was not something fancy looking or give all to avoid mocking like: "this is just a copy of the AT-3 that first flew 40 years ago".

It may indicate a FBW system for simulation, it also indicates that the industry is now large enough for design and production tasks of this scale: The Yasin designers had cataloges for Iranian avionics, hydraulics, and the single engine and created the Yasin from that component pool. They also trained their workforce for new projects.
A good path.

 

[OldTwilight]

It use digital cockpit , so now we can make one seat kowsar with digital cockpit and use Yaseen to train the pilots

 

[Ashwasthama]

After almost a decade, today Iran's two seat subsonic trainer jet dubbed Yasin officially was unveiled and became operational.
(Prevously this project was introduced as Kowsar-88)

Yasin has a rotating tail which allows the pilot to easily exit from rotating stall.


It uses two owj turbojet engine without afterburner which gives it 7000 pounds of thrust.

Minimum runway for landing: 800m
Flight ceiling: 12km
Body length: 12m
Body height: 4m
Wingspan:10m
Wing surface: 24 m^2
Normal Take off weight (without payload): 5.5t
Ferry range: 1500km
Endurance: 90m
Minimum speed: 200km/h
Maximum speed: close to mach 1

Video:
آپارات - مراحل ساخت و پرواز جت آموزشی یاسین

More info:
گزارش ویژه تسنیم|‌گام بلند ایران برای آموزش بهتر خلبانان ارتش با هواپیمای ایرانی/ جت ایرانی «یاسین» را بهتر بشناسید+فیلم و مشخصات

Superb.

Endurance figures and max speed figures seems to be wrong.

 

[vi-va]

Let's put it this way:

China has been producing HQ series of air defenses from decades ago, up to HQ9 which were called equivalent to Russians S300 and I'm sure you can copy paste lots of Chinese stuff about them into this topic! (Iran bought your retired HQ2 as well), then Russia put S-400 in the market and China bought it.

Iran produced it's own domestic Bavar-373 and even before it entered service said we don't need Russian's S-400 anymore, even though Russians offered their S400 to Iran several times (more like begging!)

What do you think is the difference?

Under license doesn't mean the whole product is from foreign, but at least certain key elements...

And I say it again, the commander who said just two countries, is responsible for self sufficiency organization in Iran's air force, the guy who is responsible for proclaiming stuff including that seat. now if you think he doesn't know China's capabilities (as a somehow friendly country) or doesn't want to recognize your capabilities, it is another story (though he didn't name any country)

I have no intention to politicize this topic, just tech issue which actually is not very important.

There are many countries developed their ejection seat, NATO members just bought Martin-Baker because it's performance and abandon their own projects gradually. While the rest found K-36 is even better, so other countries absorbed K-36 technology and developed their own.

It's very common in tech sec. No one would like to reinvent the wheel. So is China.

Develop a ejection seat is not a big deal, develop a better one is a big deal. China HTY-8 is 2/3 the weight of K-36 with similar or better performance. The one used in J-20 is fouth generation(HTY-8 is 3.5) ejection seat.

Iran as a civilization has been under huge pressure for at least 100+ years, congratulate to your achievement.

 

[mohsen]

Superb.

Endurance figures and max speed figures seems to be wrong.

What about them?

 

[I S I]

some pakistanis more persian nationalist than persians themselves



regards

Lmao spot on.

 

[313ghazi]

So are all the components of this developed in Iran from scratch? Software, hardware, nuts, bolts, everything? Someone has said they've reverse engineered the engine from a US engine, but even that is an amazing feat.

Considering their conditions they've done really well.

 

[skyshadow]

I am always impressed by Iran. Love how the nation is working hard to catch up even though It is under extreme sanctions. I just wish Iran somehow improves its air force, maybe buy Russian su30 planes. I still however believe they are very behind in technology to make a decent 4th generation fighter jet but still keep working hard and you will get success

well progress starts from some where yes we are behind but we are behind world powers how many countries build jets be it fighter jet or trainer jet? 4 or 5?? that's a good spot for us to be in and you said it we are under extreme sanctions but look the software technology for a 4 gen jet is here its the hardware that we do not have yet like the engines powerful enough to power a big fighter like su-30 and yes we are going to buy some fighters su-30 maybe su-35 and su-47 and some other fighters if Europeans sell us fighters but our main focus is on reverse engineering of RD33 engines and enhancing it to a better version of it self. the good thing is we are past the reverse engineering for a lot of our technology you guys helped us with P-1 centrifuge which we reverse engineered to IR-1 but now we are building IR-9 which is 50 times more powerful then P-1 centrifuge that Pakistan give us we came long of way from your centrifuge but we build them we do not reverse engineer them anymore, so when we unveil Iranian RD33 you can expect bigger and better fighters will fallow it soon but for now we have OWJ engine which is reverse engineered J-85 engine its week and it can not power jets bigger then F-5 jet in size.

So are all the components of this developed in Iran from scratch? Software, hardware, nuts, bolts, everything? Someone has said they've reverse engineered the engine from a US engine, but even that is an amazing feat.

Considering their conditions they've done really well.

no one dear help us on a big project like jets yes as long as we know its all Iranian built we have a big aviation manufactory in Iran its not our first time building a jet so the only part that we can not fully make is big engines yes we reverse engineered J-85 engines ( F-5 engines ) and now we build them with OWJ name, fully Iranian build


Iranian OWJ engines

 

[Aramagedon]

This jet looks similar to Yak-130


https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yakovlev_Yak-130

 

[vi-va]

This jet looks similar to Yak-130


https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yakovlev_Yak-130

the spec is so different, it has nothing to be in common with Yak-130. Totally different category.