Panther 57
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India is to introduce one of the largest welfare schemes in the world after its Food Security Bill was passed by parliament.
Two-thirds of Indias 1.2 billion population, about 800 million people, will be guaranteed subsidised food under the scheme.
It will cover 75% of the estimated 833 million rural population and 50% of the 377 million urban poor.
The scheme guarantees 5kg of rice, wheat and coarse cereals at a fixed price of three, two and one rupees per person every month.
It also allows pregnant women and new mothers to get free meals for six months, along with children between six months and six years.
The government promised to bring in the changes when it came back to power for the second successive time in 2009.
Senior Minister Shashi Tharoor told Sky News: "It's a question of national priorities, our party (Congress) believes very strongly that the basic cause of a lot of fundamental problems for the poor in India is food and security.
INDIA-POLITICS-FOOD SCHEME
The scheme was spearheaded by Congress leader Sonia Ganghi (second right)
"In the West food occupies probably 10-15% of the monthly expenses; there are poor people for whom food in our country would be 90% of their expenses.
"Often if they have to economise on something it's food that they skim on."
Critics of the scheme have said the food subsidy will be an extra burden on an already sagging economy.
They say it will cost the exchequer up to £15.8bn a year.
Growth for 2013 has been scaled down to five per cent, which is the lowest in the last 10 years.
With additional expenditure the government would be unable to bring down the fiscal deficit from an uncomfortable 5.5%.
The food subsidies will be rolled out through the Public Distribution System (PDS), which is riddled with irregularities and corruption.
Indian ruling parliamentarian Sashi Thar
Minister Shashi Tharoor admits the scheme will help his party in elections
Reports have estimated that 37% to 55% of subsidised rice and wheat are syphoned off and sold on the black markets.
In addition, almost 10% of the food rots in warehouses before it is distributed.
Farming bodies also oppose the legislation as they believe the government will become the largest buyer, hoarder and seller of food grains.
They say it is akin to nationalisation of agriculture and that their bargaining power will be further reduced.
Although no major party is opposing such a populist scheme, there are objections to its timing.
Indian general elections are less than a year away and some crucial states go to the polls in the next few months.
Minister Shashi Tharoor has dismissed opposition claims.
He said: "Find me one government which does not want to be re-elected, Ill be very interested to meet them.
"Obviously every government is attempting to do things which will ensure its re-election.
"We have done a number of things from bringing in the Right to Information Act and the Rural Employment Guarantee Act that were brought in well before the elections came around."
The Food Security Bill will undoubtedly be the centrepiece of the ruling Congress partys plan to win another term in the elections, due in May.
According to a UN report, India is home to a quarter of the world's hungry poor, despite being one of the world's largest food producers.
Malnourishment and chronic undernourishment are a major problem in the country.
India has the largest number of malnourished children in the world - even higher than Sub-Saharan Africa.
A very good step indeed, provided it materialises in true sense.