Wow, that is a very sensitive subject, which would almost surely trigger a flame war.
That is for sure. Among Chinese, there are many who hate him and many who love him. That may tell you how drastically he altered people's lives. That is influence.
Your knowledge needs updating.
Yes, if it had been 10 years ago, this issue would have caused quarrels among the Chinese people. because half of the Chinese like Mao Zedong and don't like Deng Xiaoping, the other half vice versa.
However, in today's China, this issue is almost uncontroversial.
ZhiHu is the Chinese version of quora.
In 2021, someone asked a question: who is the greatest man in modern Chinese history?
Look at my screenshot. There are 17301 answers to this question, with 85.36 million likes. And 99% of the Chinese answer is Mao Zedong.
The Chinese people's judgment of history has become the same. China's general answer to some questions is this:
First of all, we should understand that the Chinese usually use Marxist dialectics to analyze problems. Therefore, the Chinese do not believe that there are absolute mistakes and absolute correctness. Everything has both right and wrong parts.
1, 1959-1961, three years of famine.
death toll: China population that 628.28 million in 1956, 672.06 million in 1959, 672.96 million in 1962. From 1956 to 1959, the population increased by 43.78 million, From 1956 to 1959, the population increased by 43.78 million, From 1959 to 1962, the population increased by 0.9 million.
Therefore, there are indeed a large number of deaths in China during the famine. The maximum number of deaths is 42.88 million. However, considering the lack of fertility intention in famine, the real death figure should be less than 42.88 million. Chinese people usually believe that 20 million people died.
reason: Nanfang rolling stock factory (the predecessor of CRRC , produces HSR locomotive), Baosteel & Shougang & Angang (3 giants in the steel industry), Chengdu 132 factory (the predecessor of Chengdu Aircraft Industrial, produces J20),etc. 90% of large state-owned industries, They have a common feature. Their predecessor was founded in 1959-1961. In China's rural areas, 80+% of large and medium-sized reservoirs, Their was founded in 1959-1961.
Mao Zedong ordered the Chinese people to complete 30 years of work in three years. This is the reason of famine.
It caused so many deaths, which is certainly a serious mistake. However, we need to look at problems with Marxist dialectics. It also brings the most solid foundation for China's industry and infrastructure construction.
Without a complete industrial chain and infrastructure, we may not be able to obtain the industries transferred from the West, because they are afraid of Chinese. If the conditions are the same, they will choose Indian. If India takes the lead in becoming an industrial country, China will lose the opportunity forever. Because the earth cannot support two industrial powers with a population of 1 billion.
2, Cultural Revolution.
Mao Zedong ordered the Chinese to launch the cultural revolution. During the cultural revolution, the Chinese overthrew Chinese government officials, family leader leaders of various industries and authorities in various fields. Let the people at the bottom and the most lack of knowledge form organizations to manage the country. China was destroyed and turned into a piece of white paper.
Do you think Mao Zedong is crazy? He is undoubtedly the supreme leader of the CCP!
Personally destroyed the CCP regime.
But after the cultural revolution, the Chinese people changed completely.
Power will not be feared, the rich will not have privileges, and intellectual is angry because they think Mao Zedong destroyed the special respect they deserve.
How to evaluate the Cultural Revolution? Chinese people are also very confused, so let the Chinese people after 100 years evaluate it.
BTW: When Chinese talk about the caste system in India, they often say: India needs a cultural revolution that destroys everything.
You can use this sentence to judge how the Chinese view the cultural revolution.
3, Food problem.
There are two main reasons for China to solve the grain problem.
Hybrid rice:
In 1967, under the organization of Hua Guofeng, then Secretary of Hunan provincial, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences organized a hybrid rice research group with Yuan Longping, Li Bihu and Yin Huaqi as the core members, and then thousands of researchers from 13 provinces in South China joined.
In 1976, the Chinese finally had hybrid rice that could be popularized.
And Hua Guofeng was the successor designated by Mao Zedong himself, but Deng Xiaoping did not support him.
Chemical fertilizer:
Daqing Oilfield was discovered in 1959 and Shengli Oilfield was discovered in 1961.
In 1960s, because of the oil crisis, the world oil price rose fourfold. By selling oil, the Chinese government has obtained a lot of gold.
In 1971, the USA withdrew from the Bretton Woods system, and the price of gold rose 24 times. For the first time, the Chinese government has a large amount of foreign exchange.
In 1973, Mao Zedong ordered to use these foreign currencies to buy a large number of machinery and equipment and began the "43 program".
By 1979, China's chemical fertilizer output had increased 100 times. In 1979, China had solved the food problem.