Electronic Warfare.

[SBD-3]

Since Electronic Warfare has been a famous buzz word on the forum these days. I thought to share some of the very basic ideas on the concept of Electronic Warfare, its philosophy and its types etc.

 

[SBD-3]

 

[Anas Ali]

great stuff
but what is the site these snap shots taken from

 

[SBD-3]

great stuff
but what is the site these snap shots taken from

I had them captured from the the book named
COMMUNICATIONS, RADAR AND ELECTRONIC WARFARE 1e
by Adrian Graham

 

[turkish]

@hasnain0099 Good stuff hasnain bhai!!

 

[Manticore]

The AN/ALQ-99 has a maximum power output of 10.8 kW in its older versions and of 6.8 kW in its newer versions. It uses a ram air turbine to supply its own power.

The AN/ALQ-128Electronic Warfare Warning Set is a countermeasure receiver manufactured by Magnavox and used on the F-15C/D/E. The system, along with the Loral AN/ALR-56C, is used to give the ALQ-135(V), the F-15s automatic countermeasure system, information through radar warning suites that allows it to provide active jamming against enemy radar threats.

http://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/ANALQ131/Documents/ALQ131.pdf
AN/ALQ-131(V) ECM Pod

The ALQ-131(V) handles known, emerging and future terminal threats in a variety of complex, dense threat environments.

Designed to easily add new capabilities, the ALQ-131(V) is currently undergoing a Mid-Life Upgrade (MLU) to provide the next-generation capabilities and performance. MLU improvements include a transmitter upgrade, advanced technique upgrade and improved sustainment and availability.

Currently operational on A-10, F/RF-4, F-16 and C-130 aircraft in the United States and 11 other countries, the AN/ALQ-131(V) electronic countermeasures (ECM) pod is one of the most successful ECM systems ever built.

AN/ALQ-131 ECM Pod features

• Full three band, overlapping coverage
• Capable of producing simultaneous jamming techniques to counter multiple, simultaneous threats on a pulse-by-pulse basis
• Integrated broadband receiver
• Modular hardware and software with true open system architecture Extensive on-aircraft built-in test (BIT)

Paf has also ordered AN/ALQ-173(V) as a specific equipment along with its f-16 block 52

Till now AN/ALQ-173(V) is only been used on USAF EC-130H aircraft

 

[Manticore]

 

[Manticore]

AN/ALQ to AN/ALT - Equipment Listing

TRANSITIONED

ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURES,

AVIONICS,

AND

TRAINING DEVICE

PART A



RADAR COUNTERMEASURES







AN/APR-39(V)1
AN/APR-39(V)2
AN/APR-44(V)1/3
AN/ALQ-136(V)1
AN/ALQ-136(V)2
AN/ALQ-136(V)5
AN/ALQ-162(V)2
AN/ALQ-162(V)3
AN/ALQ-162(V)4
M-130 (CHAFF)

SECTION VI

 

[Bratva]

134 Page PDF on ECM/ESM systems.

ABSTRACT

This thesis gives an overview of electronic support measures (ESM) and electronic countermeasures (ECM) systems. The objective is to give the intended reader, students of the EW curriculum new to the subject, an introduction to several different electronic warfare systems. The thesis consists of seven chapters discussing different areas of EW.

The first two chapters introduce the reader to the definitions of EW and the threat which
EW equipment is designed to counter. The following two chapters are a presentation of typical ESM and ECM systems. The final three chapters cover the integration of ESM and ECM systems as well as two subjects, suppression of enemy air defense and directed
energy weapons, which differ from the typical ECM systems Included with each chapter describing systems is a conclusion section which discusses possible future developments for the group of systems.


ADA275517(2)

 

[Manticore]

The Turkish F-16C/D Block-30/40 aircraft that has AN/ALQ-178 Rapport III system

The Greek Vipers have the AN/ALQ-187 ASPIS system and this system does not have an antenna under the inlet.

F-16C Block-30
Photos: General Dynamics F-16C Fighting Falcon (401) Aircraft Pictures | Airliners.net

F-16C Block-50
Airliners.net | Airplanes - Aviation - Aircraft- Aircraft Photos & News

F-16C Block-52+
Photos: Lockheed Martin F-16CJ Fighting Falcon Aircraft Pictures | Airliners.net

F-16D Block-52+
Photos: Lockheed Martin F-16DJ Fighting Falcon Aircraft Pictures | Airliners.net

Polish f16s have ITT Industries AN/ALQ-211 derived AN/ALQ-173(V) {also called ALQ-211 (V) 4} Advanced Integrated Defense Electronics Warfare System (AIDEWS).

=================
Were PAF options on the ECM gear :

ALQ-211 AIDEW , AN/ALQ-184 without DRFM, AN/ALQ-131, or AN/ALQ-187 , AN/ALQ-178 ?

 

[SpArK]

 

[Hakan]

 

[Manticore]

What is Electronic Warfare? - The Basics

 

[wiseone2]

informative article

 

[gambit]

Most seems to believe that 'technical superiority' in electronics warfare is the highest consideration in any EW program. This belief is seriously wrong. The reality is that there are two EQUALLY important considerations in a successful EW program:

- Technical superiority
- Technical security

For the second item, case in point...

Microwaves101 | Frequency Letter bands

HyperWar: Antisubmarine Warfare in World War II [Chapter 14]

Finally, in September 1943, the U-boat command realized that 10-cm radar was being used against them. The "Rotterdam Gerat," a British H2S radar working in the 10-cm band, had been captured intact at Rotterdam by the German Air Force in March 1943, and German scientists had soon determined its characteristics. How the 6-month delay from March to September occurred is unexplained. It was a significant time factor in the U-boat war. A further delay of about 6 months intervened before the first really effective S-band receivers became operational in April 1944. During this interval the frantic experimentings of the German Technical Service became evident in such incidents as the patrol of the U-406 carrying one of their best GSR experts, Dr. Greven, and his staff, with a full complement of experimental search receivers. The U-406 was sunk, and other experimental patrols also had short careers.

To sum it up...

Back in WW II, the Allies developed the L-band radar to detect subs, especially even if the U-boats were running under their snorkels. The snorkels and periscopes were giving the U-boats away. The Nazis then realized the Allies were using L-band radars, air and ship borned, to combat the U-boats. Nazi scientists developed a countermeasure -- the L-band receiver. The L-band receivers allowed the U-boats to detect these transmissions before the transmissions could produce radar reflections, and would either retract the periscope or snorkel. By that time, it was already well known that a radar's effectiveness at detection is about 75% of its maximum range. To simplify it a bit, if a transmission have a maximum distance out of 100km, any target between 100 and 75 km would be either 'invisible' or difficult to track. The U-boat could detect the searcher and emergency dived before the searcher could analyze anything.

The Nazi's U-boat command equipped all of its best subs with the newer receiver sets that can detect any L-band transmission. The Allies responded by developing the S-band radar. U-boat casualties that was decreasing under the discovery of the L-band radar receiver began its rise under the S-band transmitter. The threat -- transmitter -- had the 'technical superiority' over the receiver. The Nazi's U-boat command was completely ignorant of the newer technology. The deployment of the newer technology for ASW was still the same air and/or ship borned radar hardware. U-boat sinking resumed its rise because there were enough U-boat commanders who reported that they detected nothing in the L-band freq range. The Nazis were looking at the L-band spectrum.

There were two 'secret' weapons back then: The S-band radar and the Nazis' general ignorance of the same.