中国空间站2022年运行 最多可容6名航天员
2015年10月16日00:43
参考消息网
资料图片:神舟十号与天宫一号自动交会对接成功的模拟画面。
参考消息网10月16日报道 外媒称,中国的载人航天机构计划在2018年发射其三舱空间的首舱,组装工作将于2020年完成,2022年将投入全面运行。
据美国《航空和空间技术周刊》(网络)10月13日报道,曾在美国接受教育的中国载人航天工程总设计师周建平在此间举行的国际宇航大会上提出了一个野心勃勃的计划,首先就是中国将于明年发射“天宫”二号小型空间实验室。
周 建平说,“天宫”二号将像在太空运行四年依然状况良好的“天宫”一号一样,也是长期在轨自动运行、短期载人的飞行器,中国正在为未来的长期性空间站建设做 最后准备。载有3名航天员的“神州”号飞船将与其交会对接,周建平说,之后首个计划已久的服务于更大空间站的货运飞船将会到访。这一任务将展示中国向在轨 运行航天器补给物资、补加推进剂的能力。
报道称,在载人“神州”飞船的基础上,无人货运飞船的货舱构型包括全密封、半开放、全开放三种,周建平说。它将由正在研制的“长征”7号运载火箭发射升空。他说,该火箭明年将在海南岛的新太空港进行首次试射。
周建平说,在头两个“实验舱”发射之前,还会向核心舱发射“好几个”载人“神州”飞船和无人货运飞船,以测试其运行程序。中国航天员将继续从酒泉附近的“神州”号飞船发射基地升空。
空间站的轨道高度为340-450公里,设计使用寿命为10年。该空间站将于2022年投入全面运营,周建平说。它还将为自由飞行的太空望远镜提供服务支持。随着舱段的增加,航天员数量可能会从最初的3名增加到6名,最多会有6个舱段。
太空站框架将包括一个小型控温离心机以用于“不同的重力”试验;一个材料科学设施和一个可以达到1600度的熔炉。
中 国官员说,他们的空间站对其它国家的科学家是“开放的”,中国载人航天工程办公室与俄罗斯联邦航天署和欧洲航天局就此达成协议。在之前举行的记者会上,欧 洲航天局局长约翰-迪特里希·韦尔纳表示,把中国及其它非传统伙伴纳入更大的人类探索平台的初步务实举措是使它参与对接机制国际标准的制定,这样来自不同 国家的宇宙飞船就能在太空连接在一起。
报道称,这一工作在国际太空合作计划上取得进展,因为美国航天局准备将商业载人飞船送入太空,但是到目前为止,中国还没有参与进来,“神州”号将是唯一能够与中国的空间站对接的飞船。
周建平说,共同对接标准的想法是有价值的。“我认为,我们可以做得更多。”他说。(编译/许燕红)
编辑:SN123
Net translation:
Chinese space station to be fully operated in space in 2022, can accommodate six astronauts
At 00:43 on October 16, 2015 Reference News Network
Picture: Shenzhou on the 10th automatic rendezvous and docking with Tiangong One successful simulation screen.
Reference News Network October 16, said foreign media reports, China's manned space agency plans to launch its first three-cabin cabin space in 2018, the assembly work will be completed by 2020, will be put into full operation in 2022.
According to the US, "Aviation Week & Space Technology" (network) October 13 report, he was educated in the United States Zhou Jianping, chief designer of China's manned space project in the International Astronautical Congress held here put forward an ambitious plan, first that China will launch the "Temple" II small space laboratory next year.
Zhou Jianping said, "temple" II will run for four years like in space is still in good condition "Temple" One, just as long-term in-orbit automatic operation, short-term manned spacecraft, China is doing the final for the future long-term space station construction ready. Carrying three astronauts of "Shenzhou" spacecraft to its rendezvous and docking, said Zhou Jianping, after the first long-planned service for larger cargo spacecraft will visit the space station. This task will showcase China to the spacecraft in orbit of supplies, additional propellant capacity.
Reported that, on the basis of the manned "Shenzhou" spacecraft on unmanned cargo spacecraft cargo configurations include fully sealed, semi-open, wide open three, Zhou Jianping said. It is being developed by the launch of the "Long March" carrier rocket lifted off on the 7th. He said the rocket next year in Hainan Island will be the first test of new spaceport.
Zhou Jianping said that before the first two "JEM" launch, will launch "several" manned "Shenzhou" spacecraft and unmanned cargo spacecraft to the core module to test its operating procedures. Chinese astronauts will continue to launch from the Jiuquan launch base near the "Shenzhou" spacecraft.
Space station orbit altitude of 340-450 km, the design life of 10 years. The space station will be fully operational in 2022, Zhou Jianping said. It will also free flight of the Space Telescope servicing support. With the increase of the cabin, the number of astronauts may increase to six from the original three, there will be a maximum of six cabin.
ISS framework will include a small temperature centrifuge for "different gravity" test; a materials science facilities and a furnace can reach 1600 degrees.
Chinese officials say their station scientists in other countries are "open", the China Manned Space Engineering Office has thus reached an agreement with the Russian Federal Space Agency and the European Space Agency. In the press conference held before, the European Space Agency Director John - Dietrich Werner said that the Chinese and other non-traditional partners in the larger human exploration platform preliminary pragmatic initiatives are involved in docking mechanism to make it to international standards development, so the spacecraft will be able to connect from different countries together in space.
Reported that made this work in progress on international space cooperation program, as NASA prepared to commercial manned spacecraft into space, but so far China has not yet involved, "Shenzhou" and China will be the only The space station docking spacecraft.
Zhou Jianping, said the idea of a common standard docking is valuable. "I think we can do more." He said. (Compiler / Xu Yanhong)