China Science & Technology Forum

[rcrmj]

pretty cool stuffs have displaced here``
depending on the pace we have now, I don't think it will take us like 50 years to be top innovator as I initially believed.

don't know whether you guys have been following the news lately, the central government starts to crack down corruptions in science communities now, as financial and civil sectors are where it mostly occurred!

 

[shuttler]

pretty cool stuffs have displaced here``
depending on the pace we have now, I don't think it will take us like 50 years to be top innovator as I initially believed.

don't know whether you guys have been following the news lately, the central government starts to crack down corruptions in science communities now, as financial and civil sectors are where it mostly occurred!

It works with the aim to improve quality of work and persons at work.

I welcome it as a matter of fact. We are shifting on another gear, higher up!

 

[shuttler]

中国万米地壳钻探设备“地壳一号”启程赴大庆打井
China ten thousand meters crustal drilling equipment "Earth Crust One" set off for drilling oil wells in Daqing
guancha


10月15日，国内首台万米大陆科学钻探钻机“地壳一号”从四川广汉市启运前往大庆油田所在的松辽盆地，将执行“松辽盆地白垩纪大陆科学钻探”、“深部大陆科学钻探装备研制”等多项科学研究任务。“地壳一号”标志着我国成为继前苏联和德国之后世界上第三个拥有实施万米大陆钻探计划专用装备和相关技术的国家。

国内首台万米大陆科学钻探钻机“地壳一号”
China's first ten thousand meters Mainland China Scientific Drilling Rig " Earth Crust One"

将刷新我国钻探深度纪录

“地壳一号”万米大陆科学钻机的研制是国家“深部探测技术与实验研究专项”当中，吉林大学所承担的“深部大陆科学钻探装备研制与实验”子课题的重要组成部分。该万米钻探专用钻机设计装机高60米，占地10000多平方米，其钻进能力达到1万米，项目启动以来国家累计专项拨款1.0287亿元。
针对科学钻探的特殊性，吉林大学和宏华集团组成联合科研团队，自主研发、改进了高转速全液压顶驱系统、高精度自动送钻系统和起下钻自动排管系统等一系列关键技术，并采用国内领先的数控变频电动钻机技术(DBS)，钻机科学钻探能力达到世界先进水平。

浩浩荡荡的“地壳一号“运输车队”
Magnificent Earth crust One" transportation fleet

为顺利完成此次远程运输，工作人员将万米科学钻机设备拆解包装为126件，总体积6000余立方米，总重量达1500多吨。其中，长度超过10米的结构件33件，单件最大长度13米；单件最大重量约40吨；各部件分装于50辆六轴重型拖挂运输车上，每辆车长21.5米；全部钻机设备的出厂检验、防腐处理、包装装车等工序历时近一个月。运输车队将途经四川、陕西、河南、河北、北京、天津、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江等9个省、直辖市，130多个县市，单程总运输里程3500多公里，途中将翻越秦岭等高山危险路段，预计整个车队将于10月21日到达大庆井场。

据介绍，整个运送过程面临着运输部件庞大、车辆众多、路途遥远、路况复杂，环境天气多变等诸多困难挑战。为确保钻机设备安全、顺利到达目的地，国家国土资源部协调交通运输部落实沿途交通运管部门对车队通行给予保障和配合；国家深部探测专项办公室会同吉林大学、宏华集团多次对钻机运输路线进行实地踏查，并确定了最终的运输方案。

吉林大学地调院组织承担研发的我国首台万米大陆科学钻探专用钻机此前已在四川进行过钻探实验
Geological Survey Institute of Jilin University undertake research and development of our organization 's first ten thousand meters dedicated Continental Scientific Drilling rig had been drilling experiments conducted in Sichuan



吉林大学建设工程学院副院长赵大军介绍，“地壳一号”运达黑龙江大庆安达松科2井井场后，将立马投入组装、测试，最迟于年底前开始钻探。

松辽盆地国际大陆科学钻探工程设计井深6600米，将实现国内大陆科学钻探的重大突破。截至目前，世界上超过8000米的超深孔科学钻探只有前苏联的科拉超深孔和德国的KTB孔，我国原最深科学钻探孔为江苏CCSD-1孔，钻探深度为5158米。

“地壳一号”钻机
" Earth Crust One" Rig


科研探万米 全球仅一项成功案例

几年前，我国已拥有设计深度达1.2万米、用于石油开采的钻机。为啥科研用的万米钻机会“姗姗来迟”？
“科研用的钻机，比生产用的要求高很多。”赵大军介绍，石油开采多在沉积岩进行，质地较软；科研却需钻探变质岩和火山岩，质地坚硬，且因为要取岩芯，不能“野蛮施工”，这对于钻机转速、钻进工艺都提出很高要求。

此前，全球仅有前苏联钻出过深度超过1万米的科学钻探孔，德国的KTB孔于1994年钻探至9101米。我国目前最深的科学钻探孔位于江苏，仅5158米。美国冷战时期也曾实施过“莫霍计划”试图钻穿地壳，但后来半途而废。

前苏联的科拉超深钻孔达到地下12289米，至今保持着科研钻探记录
The former Soviet Union reached the Kola super-deep drilling 12,289 meters underground , has maintained a scientific drilling records

保证科研要求，还要冲刺万米深度，校企都想尽办法：钩载能力直接影响钻探深度。宏华集团此前最深的9000米钻机，差着25吨钩载能力，为此攻关历时半年。

更困难的，是给钻机降温。在大庆油田所在的松辽盆地，地下每降低100米，温度升高3.9度。在6000米深度上，即可超过300度。“如果不降温，工作中的钻头只要2分钟就融化了。”赵大军说，“地壳一号”此次运用新技术的填充泥浆，帮助钻头冷却，在6000米深度上可将温度降低一半。

“地壳一号”将先在松科2号井场“练手”，首次钻探深度6400米，然后尝试8000米左右深度。赵大军直言，受降温能力等限制，钻机暂还不能冲击万米深度，“但钻探万米是必然目标。”他表示，已打算制造设计深度1.5万米的钻机。

探寻“时间隧道” 寻找油气资源

中国地质科学院深部探测研究中心主任陈宣华认为，之所以研发万米钻机，目的至少有两个：帮助科学家预测全球气候变化，进一步拓展当地油气勘探领域。

在地质构造复杂地区，堆积着不同年代的地层，就如同“时间隧道”，记录着当时气候变化的信息。“地壳一号”首次“练手”的深度，正好覆盖从6500万年到1.5亿年前的白垩纪地层。“白垩纪是地球不断升温的时期，和现在很像。”陈宣华认为，获知白垩纪的气候变化规律，有助于预测如今的全球气候变化。

另一方面，选择在大庆油田开工，是为了寻找这片我国最大油田的资源潜力。陈宣华表示，此前油气勘探，一是深度达不到，二是没有全程提取岩芯。此次采用先进的勘探手段，完全可能找到油气资源的漏网之鱼。



October 15 , China's first ten thousand meters Continental Scientific Drilling Rig " Earth Crust One" from Guanghan City , Sichuan shipped to Daqing Oilfield is located in the Songliao Basin , will perform " Songliao Basin Cretaceous Mainland China Scientific Drilling ", " Deep Mainland China Scientific drilling equipment development "and a number of scientific research tasks. " Crust One" indicates that China has become the former Soviet Union and Germany have implemented the world's first three ten thousand meters Continental Drilling Program special equipment and related technologies in the country.

Setting the record of drilling depth

" Earth Crust One" ten thousand meters Mainland China Scientific Drilling Rig is a country " deep exploration techniques and experimental research projects" which , Jilin University, assumed " deep continental scientific drilling equipment research and experiment ," an important part of sub-topics . The m drill rigs designed capacity dedicated 60 meters high , covering over 10,000 square meters , and its drilling capacity of 10,000 meters , the project since the start of the cumulative state earmarks 1.0287 billion.

For the particularity of scientific drilling , Jilin University, and a coalition of Honghua Group research team, independent research and development , improved high- speed hydraulic top drive system, high precision automatic drilling systems and automatic exhaust pipe from the drilling system and a series of key technologies, and the use of leading technology digitally-controlled VFD rig (DBS), scientific drilling rig capacity to reach the world advanced level.

For the successful completion of this long-range transport, staff will be ten thousand meters scientific drilling equipment dismantling packaging 126 , with a total volume of 6,000 cubic meters , with a total weight of 1,500 tons. Among them, the length of more than 10 meters structure 33 , a single maximum length 13 m ; single piece maximum weight of about 40 tons ; various parts were put in 50 six-axle heavy duty trailer truck , the vehicle length of 21.5 m ; All drilling equipment factory inspection, anti-corrosion treatment , packaging, loading and other processes which lasted nearly a month .

Truck team through Sichuan, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Beijing , Tianjin, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and other nine provinces, municipalities and more than 130 cities and counties , the total one-way transportation mileage over 3500 kilometers , crossing the Qinling mountains en route to dangerous sections , the entire fleet is expected to be October 21 to reach Daqing wellsite .

According to reports, the entire delivery process is facing huge transportation difficulties namely , a large fleet of vehicles , long distances , challenging terrains and environmental challenges of changing weather and many other difficulties . To ensure the safety of drilling equipment , successfully reach the destination , the state Department of Transportation to implement the MLR coordinate along the transportation management department of convoys to give them protection and cooperation ; national office in conjunction with the special deep exploration of Jilin University , Honghua Group on several occasions rig transport route field survey and determine the final transportation programs.

Construction Engineering, Jilin University, vice president Zhao Dajun , the " crust One" arrived Daqing, Heilongjiang Anda Sonko 2 Well Field , will be immediately put into assembly, testing , drilling to commence no later than the end of the year .

Songliao Basin International Continental Scientific Drilling Project design depth of 6,600 meters , will achieve national Continental Scientific Drilling a major breakthrough. Up to now, the world over 8000 meters of ultra- deep scientific drilling Kola only the former Soviet Union and Germany, KTB super- deep hole , the deepest scientific drilling of the former Jiangsu CCSD-1 hole , drilled to a depth of 5158 m .

Only a global scientific exploration ten thousand meters Success Stories

A few years ago , China already has a design depth of 12,000 meters , used in oil exploration rig . Why use ten thousand meters drilling research opportunities "long overdue " ?

"Research with the rig, than the requirements of production is much higher ." Zhao Dajun introduction , oil exploration conducted mostly in sedimentary rocks , soft texture ; research has to be drilled metamorphic and volcanic rock , hard, and because coring , not "barbaric construction", which for drilling speed , drilling technology have put high demands .

Previously, the world's only former Soviet Union more than 10,000 meters drilled too deep scientific drilling hole , Germany KTB holes drilled in 1994 to 9101 meters . China is currently the deepest scientific drilling in Jiangsu , is only 5158 meters . During the Cold War the United States has implemented before " Moho plan " trying to drill through the crust , but then halfway.

Ensure scientific requirements, but also the depth of ten thousand meters sprint , schools and enterprises have to find ways : hook load capacity of a direct impact on drilling depth. Honghua Group had the deepest 9,000 m drilling rigs, poor hook load capacity of 25 tons , this research took six months .

More difficult , is to rig cool. Daqing Oilfield is located in the Songliao Basin , decreasing by 100 meters underground , the temperature rises 3.9 degrees . At 6000 m depth , you can more than 300 degrees . " If you do not cool the drill work as long as 2 minutes to melt ." Zhao Dajun said, " Earth Crust One," The use of new technologies fill mud , helping drill cooling , in 6000 m depth the temperature can be reduced by half.

" Earth Crust One" will be the first in Sonko Well No. 2 field " practice hand ", the first drilling depth of 6,400 meters , and then try a depth of around 8,000 meters . Zhao Dajun bluntly , by the cooling capacity and other restrictions, the impact of ten thousand meters drilling depth can not be temporary , " but drilling ten thousand meters is inevitable goal ." He said , had been intended to manufacture the depth of 15,000 meters of drilling rig design .

Explore the " Time Tunnel " Finding oil and gas resources

Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Research Center deep exploration Chen XH believe that the reason developed ten thousand meters rig, with at least two purposes : to help scientists predict global climate change, to further expand the local oil and gas exploration.
Complex areas in geological formations , strata piled in different years , just as the "time tunnel " , a record that the climate change information. " Crust One" first "practice hand" depth , just covering from 6500 years to 150 million years ago, Cretaceous strata . " Cretaceous period of the Earth continues to heat up , and now like ." Chen XH that informed Cretaceous climatic variation , help to predict today's global climate change.

On the other hand , choose to start in Daqing Oilfield , is to find this piece of China's largest oil resource potential . Chen XH said, after oil and gas exploration , first, a depth of less than two is no full extraction of cores . The use of advanced exploration methods , entirely possible to find oil and gas resources slip through the net .

net assisted translation

吉林大学 Jilin University

李四光 LI Siguang
A prioneering scientist in geology
Credit： sohu

Credit: qx211.com

 

[Viking 63]

Great going China !!!

 

[shuttler]

Researchers develop method for creating much stronger nickel
Oct 18, 2013 by Bob Yirka

phy.org

Thermal stability of the NL structure. Credit: Science 18 October 2013: Vol. 342 no. 6156 pp. 337-340 DOI: 10.1126/science.1242578

Read more at: Researchers develop method for creating much stronger nickel


(Phys.org) —A team of researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Nanjing University of Science and Technology has found a way to create an ultra fine grain (UFG) nickel with a nanolaminated structure. As the team describes in their paper published in the journal Science, the result is a new process that allows for the creation of a form of nickel that is both harder and stronger than the metal is in its native form.

Ever since human beings first began using various metals they have been trying to modify them to conform to our wishes. Such efforts have resulted in an amazing array of metals ranging from the small amounts used in electronics to the mammoth steel girders that keep our skyscrapers upright.

Research continues as scientists look for ever more advanced ways to treat metals to allow for ever more exotic applications. In this new effort, the team in China has developed a way to create a UFG from ordinary nickel. Such metals offer more resistance to corrosion and wear and have higher fracture strength.

UFG's advantages over other metals come about by causing a reduction in grain size—generally by a factor of ten or more. The smaller grain size means smaller grain boundaries which impede dislocation movement—it's dislocation that results in fractures or localized deformations.

To create a nickel UFG, the researchers subjected a rod made of 99.88 percent pure nickel to grinding on its surface—a process that tears away portions of the metal allowing for it to be shaped. In this case, the researchers noted that as nickel grains were being pulled by the mechanical grinder, the metal that remained was subjected to intense shearing causing what's known as plastic deformation.

Upon closer inspection of the ground surface, the researchers discovered that two-dimensional nanometer-thick laminated structures had been created by the process. Further testing indicated that grain size had been dramatically reduced meaning that a nickel UFG had been created.

It's not yet clear if the simple process can be used to manufacture a nickel UFG on a scale large enough to be used in real world applications. What is clear, however, is that the process is very likely applicable to other metals, which means a whole new area of metal science might just be in the making.

Explore further: World's first process to reuse rare Earth metals extracted from nickel-metal hydride batteries for hybrid vehicles

More information: Strain-Induced Ultrahard and Ultrastable Nanolaminated Structure in Nickel, Science 18 October 2013: Vol. 342 no. 6156 pp. 337-340 DOI: 10.1126/science.1242578

Strain-Induced Ultrahard and Ultrastable Nanolaminated Structure in Nickel

X. C. Liu-1,*, H. W. Zhang-1,*, K. Lu1,-2,†

- Author Affiliations

1- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.

2- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China



ABSTRACT

Heavy plastic deformation may refine grains of metals and make them very strong. But the strain-induced refinement saturates at large strains, forming three-dimensional ultrafine-grained (3D UFG) structures with random orientations. Further refinement of this microstructure is limited because of the enhanced mobility of grain boundaries. Very-high-rate shear deformation with high strain gradients was applied in the top surface layer of bulk nickel, where a 2D nanometer-scale laminated structure was induced. The strongly textured nanolaminated structure (average lamellar thickness of 20 nanometers) with low-angle boundaries among the lamellae is ultrahard and ultrastable: It exhibits a hardness of 6.4 gigapascal—which is higher than any reported hardness of the UFG nickel—and a coarsening temperature of 40 kelvin above that in UFG nickel.

Additional reporting on PDF by @cirr here:


http://www.defence.pk/forums/china-far-east/284198-chinese-researchers-develop-way-make-ultrahard-ultrastable-metals.html


沈阳材料科学国家(联&#21512实验室
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences

南京理工大学 Nanjing University of Science and Technology

 

[shuttler]

我国自主研发的重离子肿瘤治疗设备有望2014年投入使用
Our self-developed heavy ion cancer therapy equipment is expected to put into use in 2014

2013年10月21日21:06 来源：新华网
At 21:06 on October 21, 2013 Source: Xinhua Net

hexun.com


10月21日，在中科院近代物理研究所，两名科研人员在监控室监视重离子治疗终端辐射剂量等参数。重离子肿瘤治疗具有定位精确、肿瘤杀伤力大、正常组织影响小、疗程短等特点，被誉为当代最佳放疗方式。

中科院近代物理研究所经过十多年的重离子肿瘤治疗基础研究和技术攻关，研制了浅层和深层两个治疗终端，从2006年起与当地医疗机构合作，已经进行200多例肿瘤患者重离子治疗临床试验，成功治疗一些高发、

难治的恶性肿瘤。目前，重离子治疗技术临床试验已经取得重大进展，有两台专用重离子肿瘤治疗设备正在建造，申请相关资质后有望于2014年正式投入使用，将成为我国首台自主研发的重离子肿瘤治疗设备。新华社记者 金立旺摄

媒体记者参观重离子深层治疗终端 首席记者马军摄
Media reporters visited the deep heavy ion therapy , chief reporter Majun She terminal
Credit: gs.xinhuanet.com

10月21日，在中科院近代物理研究所，一名医护人员正在重离子治疗终端的治疗室用激光为一名患者进行定位。新华社记者 金立旺摄
October 21 , at the Institute of Modern Physics, a medical treatment terminal being heavy ion laser as a treatment room patient positioning . Xinhua News Agency reporters Jin Li and Wang She

10月21日，在中科院近代物理研究所，两名医护人员正在重离子治疗终端的治疗室用激光为一名患者进行定位。新华社记者 金立旺摄
October 21 , at the Institute of Modern Physics, two medical staff being heavy ion therapy treatment room terminal as a patient with a laser positioning . Xinhua News Agency reporters Jin Li and Wang She

10月21日，在中科院近代物理研究所，一名患者在重离子治疗终端的治疗室进行激光定位。新华社记者 金立旺摄
October 21 , at the Institute of Modern Physics, a terminal patient in heavy ion therapy treatment room laser positioning . Xinhua News Agency reporters Jin Li and Wang She



October 21, 2013 , at the Institute of Modern Physics, two researchers in the control room to monitor heavy ion therapy terminal radiation dose and other parameters. Heavy ion cancer therapy has a positioning accuracy , lethality large tumor and normal tissue of small, short course and other characteristics , known as the best radiotherapy contemporary way .

Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Modern Physics after ten years of heavy ion cancer therapy basic research and technology research , development of shallow and deep two treatments terminal , from 2006 onwards with local medical institutions, has been more than 200 cases of heavy ion cancer patients therapy clinical trials , successful treatment of some high-fat ,

Refractory malignancies. At present, the heavy ion therapy clinical trials have made ​​significant progress , there are two dedicated heavy ion cancer therapy equipment under construction , is expected to apply for the relevant post- qualification officially put into use in 2014 , will become China's first self-developed heavy ion cancer therapy equipment . Xinhua News Agency reporters Jin Li and Wang She

net translation


中国科学院近代物理研究所
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy Sciences

 

[cirr]

Boys‘ play：

3D printed plane flies

Global Times | 2013-10-21 22:58:01

By Global Times

Students from the School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics at Tongji University Saturday flew a miniature airplane created by a 3D printer, local media reported Monday.

The 26-centimeter-long airplane was the first of its kind in China, according to a report in the Oriental Morning Post.

Made of polylactic acid, the plane weighed 18 grams during its flight.

The plane has a wing span of 28 centimeters. It was equipped with a 3-gram lithium battery and a 6-millimeter brush motor. Students controlled the airplane with an infrared remote control.

3D printed plane flies - CHINA - SHANGHAI - Globaltimes.cn

 

[Wholegrain]

Deleted

 

[shuttler]

A team of Chinese and overseas Scientists joint efforts to combat leprosy
Scientists discover gene responsible for fatal drug allergy

http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/scientists-discover-gene/859466.html

SINGAPORE: Researchers, led by a scientist with the Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), have discovered a gene that could cause a potentially fatal severe adverse drug reaction to dapsone, a drug used in the treatment of various infectious and inflammatory diseases and for leprosy.

A statement from the Agency for Science, Technology and Research in Singapore (A*STAR) said the discovery will lead to the development of diagnostic tests that identify high-risk individuals of the allergy, and help improve the safety of dapsone therapy.

The statement noted that up to 3.6 per cent of individuals treated with dapsone develop a severe adverse drug reaction known as dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS), and 11-13 per cent die as a result.
It said this is alarming as no test is currently available to predict the risk of DHS in patients.

Professor Liu Jianjun, a scientist with GIS, is leader of the research team.

He and his colleagues performed a genome-wide association study on 76 DHS patients and 1,304 controls.
They discovered that the presence of a particular molecule, HLA-B*13:01, increased the risk of DHS.
Individuals carrying a single copy of the HLA-B*13:01 molecule run 34 times the risk of being hit by DHS compared to those who do not.

The scientists further found that the risk is magnified 100 times for those who carry two copies of the allele, or form of a gene.

Prof Liu said: "This is an excellent testimony that human genetic studies are a powerful tool to discover novel biomarkers and biological insight into disease development as well as adverse drug reactions (ADR)."
Genetic studies of ADR can help to improve the safety of drug treatment, he added.

The finding was reported in the 23 October 2013 advanced online issue of the scientific journal, New England Journal of Medicine.

Other scientists and medical doctors involved in the work include co-lead author of the paper -- Professor Furen Zhang from Shandong Academy of Medical Science, China.

Link to the New England Journal of Medicine here:
http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1213096
HLA-B*13:01 and the Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome
N Engl J Med 2013; 369:1620-1628
October 24, 2013DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1213096

Supported by grants from：

China
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81071288, 81072391, 81101187, 81271746, and 31200933), the 973 Program (2011CB512105),
the National Clinical Key Project of Dermatology and Venereology,
the Taishan Scholar Project,
the Medical Leading Scholar of Shandong Province Project,
the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2011HQ003 and ZR2012HQ031),

Singapore
the Agency for Science, Technology, and Research of Singapore.
Ms. Irwanto was supported by the Singapore International Graduate Award.

Other：
Dr. de Bakker is the recipient of the Vidi award from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO project 016.126.354).

 

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Scientists unveil energy-generating window
24-Oct-13

http://phys.org/news/2013-10-scientists-unveil-energy-generating-window.html

A hybrid smart window device that can achieve energy savings and generation was designed based on a sandwiched composite film that was composed of dispersed VO2 particles and a polymer matrix. This device can temperature-dependently regulate solar heat and generate electricity using a solar cell positioned around the glass panel and powered by VO2 particle-scattered light, simultaneously remaining visible transparency. Credit: J. Zhou, Z. Chen and Y.F. Gao

Credit: teknik.uu.se

Scientists in China said Thursday they had designed a "smart" window that can both save and generate energy, and may ultimately reduce heating and cooling costs for buildings.

While allowing us to feel close to the outside world, windows cause heat to escape from buildings in winter and let the Sun's unwanted rays enter in summer.

This has sparked a quest for "smart" windows that can adapt to weather conditions outside.

Today's smart windows are limited to regulating light and heat from the sun, allowing a lot of potential energy to escape, study co-author Yanfeng Gao of the Chinese Academy of Sciences told AFP.

The main innovation of this work is that it developed a concept smart window device for simultaneous generation and saving of energy.

Engineers have long battled to incorporate energy-generating solar cells into window panes without affecting their transparency.

Gao's team discovered that a material called vanadium oxide (VO2) can be used as a transparent coating to regulate infrared radiation from the Sun.

VO2 changes its properties based on temperature. Below a certain level it is insulating and lets through infrared light, while at another temperature it becomes reflective.

A window in which VO2 was used could regulate the amount of Sun energy entering a building, but also scatter light to solar cells the team had placed around their glass panels, where it was used to generate energy with which to light a lamp, for example.

This smart window combines energy-saving and generation in one device, and offers potential to intelligently regulate and utilise solar radiation in an efficient manner, the study authors wrote in the journal Nature Scientific Reports.

Explore further: Transistor made from vanadium dioxide could function as smart window for blocking infrared light

More information: dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep03029
Journal reference: Scientific Reports

VO2 thermochromic smart window for energy savings and generation

http://www.nature.com/srep/2013/131024/srep03029/full/srep03029.html#affil-auth

Authors and Affiliations

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Rd. 99, Baoshan, Shanghai 200444, China
Jiadong Zhou, Yanfeng Gao & Hongjie Luo

Shanghai Institute of Ceramics (SIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dingxi 1295, Changning, Shanghai, 200050, China
Jiadong Zhou, Yanfeng Gao, Hongjie Luo, Chuanxiang Cao, Zhang Chen, Lei Dai & Xinling Liu

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Zongtao Zhang

河南 郑州大学 Zhengzhou University，Henan Province

上海大学 Shanghai University

 

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Chinese researchers develop H7N9 flu vaccine
English.news.cn 2013-10-26 21:00:46

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-10/26/c_132833240.htm

H7N9 virus - illustration
Credit: asianscientist.com

HANGZHOU, Oct. 26 (Xinhua) -- Chinese researchers announced Saturday they had successfully developed the vaccine for the H7N9 bird flu virus, after the flu strain had left more than 130 people infected, with 45 fatalities reported.

Shu Yuelong, director of the Chinese National Influenza Center, said this is the first influenza vaccine ever developed by Chinese scientists.

The vaccine has provided important technical support to battle the new flu strain, making contribution to the H7N9 flu virus epidemic control all over the world, said Shu, also director of the WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza.

The vaccine was jointly developed by the First Affiliated Hospital under the School of Medicine of the Zhejiang University, Hong Kong University, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, and the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
Li Lanjuan, leading researcher from the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said the team started research after they successfully isolated H7N9 bird flu virus from the throat swab sample of an infected patient on April 3.

The team applied plasmid reverse genetics and genetic reassortment, which was widely adopted by the world, to develop the vaccine seeds, which were later proved to be safe with the embryonated chicken eggs, she said.

Currently, the vaccine has passed the test on ferrets, which was conducted by the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Drug authorities have also verified the vaccine in accordance with relevant requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

At the news conference on the research findings held Saturday in Hangzhou, capital of east China's Zhejiang Province, medicine producers, such as Tianyuan Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., showed interest in the vaccine's production, although the virus has not been spread widely enough for mass inoculation.

China reported the world's first human case for H7N9 bird flu infection in March. As of Friday, a total of 136 people were confirmed to have been infected with the virus, according to the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC). Of the infected, 45 died, representing a fatality rate of 33.1 percent. No cases have been reported so far in other countries.

Liu Dengfeng, deputy chief of the science and education department of the NHFPC, said, as the weather temperature went down, the epidemic would return, considering new cases had been reported lately.

On Oct. 15, and 23, two new H7N9 bird flu infection cases were reported in Zhejiang Province, the latest since the previous ones reported two months ago.

"The successful development of H7N9 bird flu vaccine has brought new weapon for us to win the long-term battle," Liu said.

浙江大学附属第一医院
First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University

 

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Chinese researchers develop H7N9 flu vaccine

10-26-2013 20:10 BJT


HANGZHOU, Oct. 26 (Xinhua) -- Chinese researchers announced Saturday they had successfully developed the vaccine for the H7N9 bird flu virus, after the flu strain had left more than 130 people infected, with 45 fatalities reported.

Shu Yuelong, director of the Chinese National Influenza Center, said this is the first influenza vaccine ever developed by Chinese scientists.

The vaccine has provided important technical support to battle the new flu strain, making contribution to the H7N9 flu virus epidemic control all over the world, said Shu, also director of the WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza.

The vaccine was jointly developed by the First Affiliated Hospital under the School of Medicine of the Zhejiang University, Hong Kong University, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, and the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

China reported the world's first human case for H7N9 bird flu infection in March. As of Friday, a total of 136 people were confirmed to have been infected with the virus, according to the National Health and Family Planning Commission. Of the infected, 45 died, representing a fatality rate of 33.1 percent.

 

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中航通飞：蛟龙600飞机进入详细设计阶段
China Aviation Industry General Aircraft Co. Ltd. (CAIGA): Jiaolong 600 aircraft enters the detailed design stage
2013年10月24日 06:58:24 来源：光明日报
October 24, 2013 06:58:24 Source: Guangming Daily

日前在西安举行的2013中国国际通用航空大会上，中航工业通飞以大型灭火、水上救援水陆两栖飞机（简称 蛟龙600飞机），领航150飞机大尺寸模型及西锐 SR20飞机等七款通用飞机，展现了中航工业通飞在通用飞机研制生产及全产业链发展方面取得的新成就。

　　据了解，中航工业通飞通过自主研发和国际并购，统筹国内外相关资源，建立开放式集成创新产品研发体系，加大通用飞机的研发力度。在西安绿地笔克会展中心，中航工业通飞自主研发的小鹰500飞机、海鸥300飞机、领航150飞机、蛟龙600飞机等7款机型的模型一展出就受到众多观众的瞩目。

　　据介绍，蛟龙600飞机是专为建设国家航空应急救援体系而研制的，也是当前世界上最大的一款在研水陆两栖飞机。去年珠海航展期间，该机型1：1尺寸的机头物理样机首次亮相就受到了广泛关注。目前，该机型已进入了详细设计阶段。

　　领航150飞机是中航工业通飞成立后自主研发的第一款全复合材料的高端公务机，这款被称为世界同级别单引擎涡桨飞机中飞得最快的飞机正在加快研制步伐，并已获得8架启动用户订单，预计今年年末将实现首飞。

　　
蛟龙600 D-600

领航150 Primus 150

小鹰500 LE-500

海鸥300 HO300

西锐 SR20 Cirrus SR-20

Held recently in Xi'an, China International General Aviation Convention 2013, CAIGA has shown its products through a large fire-fighting, search and rescue amphibious aircraft ( referred to as the (Jialong) D- 600 aircraft ) , Primus 150 and Cirrus SR20 etc.all together seven general function aircraft. The Company demonstrated its achievements in the aircraft industry through the development and production of general usage aircraft.

CAIGA keeps its development and expansion through independent research, international mergers and acquisitions, co-ordinating domestic and international resources , the establishment of an open system of integrated innovation, intensive product research and development in general aviation aircraft . In Xi'an Greenland Pico Exhibition Center, CAIGA showcased its independently developed aircraft: LE 500, HO 300, Primus 150 , D-600 and seven other models to many potential visitors.

According to the report, D-600 aircraft is designed for building national aviation emergency rescue system, and it is currently the world's largest amphibious aircraft in development . During last year's Zhuhai Air Show , the models' 1:1 size nose physical prototype debut received widespread attention. Currently, the model has entered the detailed design stage.

CAIGA's Primus 150 is the first self-developed high-end all-composite material business turbo-prop airplane. It is regarded as advanced in technology as the world's best single-engine turboprop aircraft in similar class. Primus 150 is the fastest in speed among the world's aircraft of similar class. CAIGA has received eight orders for the airplane so far and it is expected to have its first flight at the end of this year .

net assisted translation

 

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Only about US $3 billion??

Why china is spending so low on science and technology for next five years ?????????

India is spending US$ 24 billion on Science and Technology

India is spending 8 times bigger amount US$ 24 billion against china's US$ 3 billion

India prepares to boost science : Nature News & Comment

India commits to boosting science - Five year spending plan backs massive investment in research and scientific facilities.

No matter how much you spend, you will fail at the end. Look at those failiure project DRDO runs.......

 

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Illustrations of China's Space Station

Credit: 环球网