Al-Khalid tank (Type 90-IIM / MBT-2000) Information Pool

[Dazzler]

should be between 600-700mm @ 2 km estimated. Enough to knock out any adversary

AZ means t-72 autoloader, AK and Type-99 both fire this round so their autoloader is modified.

The round is known as Norinco Type-2 M




125 mm NORINCO APFSDS-T ammunition (China), Tank and anti-tank guns

Development
This 125 mm Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilised Discarding-Sabot - Tracer (APFSDS-T) ammunition was developed by NORINCO as a commercial venture to equip existing 125 mm tank gun users and to provide projectiles for use in the Chinese 125 mm tank gun, details of which have yet to be announced, installed on the Type 98 and Type 99 MBTs. The NORINCO rounds, the 125-I and 125-II, use a propellant system based on the Russian Federation original, but the projectile assemblies are completely different, based on Western tungsten-rod technology allied to an up-to-date sabot assembly. This round was first shown during 1993. The most recent and current model being offered is designated the Type II-M.Attempts to produce a close copy of the 125-I round have been made in Pakistan. According to reports, these attempts led to technical difficulties regarding the tungsten alloy used for the NORINCO penetrator, the results of which were in-bore break-ups of the penetrator rod when fired. A change was considered to the same tungsten alloy already used by Alsons to manufacture and machine 105 mm L64 APFSDS-T penetrators for manufacturing the 125 mm round, but the problem has been reported as rectified.India's Ordnance Factory Board has developed an almost identical 120 mm APFSDS-T round to that produced by China and Pakistan. This round may have been inspired by examination of rounds captured from Pakistan during action and is known as the T-2A. It has been in service with the Indian Army since 1997.

Description
NORINCO 125 mm APFSDS-T rounds are separately loading munitions. They are loaded into the breech and are surrounded, behind the sabot assembly, by an integral combustible propellant charge in a combustible case and are followed by a semi-combustible propellant case.On both the 125-I and the 125-II, the projectile assembly is made up of a light-alloy three-segment sabot and a monobloc tungsten-alloy penetrator rod forming the sub-projectile. The penetrator rod and the sabot are interfaced by a series of mating buttresses, and a plastic slipping obturator ring encircles the sabot. The 125-I penetrator rod has a diameter of 28 mm, is 554 mm long, has a length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio of approximately 19.8:1 and weighs 4.03 kg. The penetrator rod has a light-alloy windshield over the nose and a light-alloy six-finned fin assembly at the rear. It is assumed that the fin assembly contains a tracer element. The 125-II projectile assembly weighs 7.44 kg, and the penetrator rod is 26 mm in diameter, presumably yielding a greater L/D ratio.The two-component propellant system is carried over from the design of the Russian Federation 125 mm APFSDS-T. Both components are encased in what is described as a flammable nitrocellulose-based paper tube impregnated with TNT, which is totally consumed on firing. A steel stub case, weighing 3.4 kg and containing the electrical primer, remains to be ejected after firing. The case is 140 mm long and has a flange diameter of 171.9 mm.The muzzle velocity of the 125-I is 1,730 m/s.


125 mm NORINCO APFSDS-T ammunition (China) - Jane's Ammunition Handbook

what is an APS????

Active Protection System

 

[Umair Nawaz]

CREW BAY EXPLOSION, DETECTION AND SUPPRESSION SYSTEM

A military vehicle is designed for strength, its armour affording protection to the crew and giving them the confidence to perform in battle. But the possibility remains that penetration of its fuel tanks or fuel and hydraulic lines can lead to a devastating fireball, causing severe burning and toxic gas poisoning within milliseconds. This threat inevitably affects crew morale and it is therefore important to give the crew a means of surviving in the battlefield environment. The crew bay system is able to sense the incipient hazard and recognise it as an explosive fire within 2-3ms and to effect complete suppression in approx 100ms. It uses fast response sensors and rapid acting high-rate discharge suppressors. Because suppression has taken place in a few tens of milliseconds, the radiation from the fireball is harmless, the temperature rise is minimal, the pressure increase is survivable and, most importantly, the amount of toxic gas generated is limited to safe levels. The vehicle and crew have survived to fight another day. Crew bay systems are fitted to a range of vehicles including Leopard 2, CRARRV, Tariq, Al-Khalid, Marconi Marksman, T90, Leclerc, M1A1, M1A2, LAV25, C1 Ariete MBT and Chunma amongst others.
Army Guide - Crew Bay, Fire fighting equipment
[from pak def]

what is Tariq???????

 

[Cool_Soldier]

Alkhalid-2 is still awaiting...?

Here is link for article for some good top tanks...

DefenceArmy:Top Ranking Best Tanks of the World

Enjoy

 

[Dazzler]

what is Tariq???????

Jordanian customized Centurion MBT

Army Guide - Tariq, Main battle tank

 

[Umair Nawaz]

Alkhalid-2 is still awaiting...?

Here is link for article for some good top tanks...

DefenceArmy:Top Ranking Best Tanks of the World

Enjoy

they have shown wrong specs of AK....not a very credible report.

 

[farhan_9909]

From ministry of defence production

Notice the Varta APS on the production variant of Al khalid

 

[farhan_9909]

New round being developed for AK1 with enhanced penetration

 

[Rajput_Pakistani]

^^^ Sir, some questions regarding AK specs

1. Total number of rounds for main gun are 38+10 according to above specifications by MoD. My question is that does it include the number of rounds in auto loader i.e. 22. Or the number gets 38+10+22 = 70 ?

2. Secondly what about anti IR paint? Is it a new feature?

Thanks in advance

 

[farhan_9909]

^^^ Sir, some questions regarding AK specs

1. Total number of rounds for main gun are 38+10 according to above specifications by MoD. My question is that does it include the number of rounds in auto loader i.e. 22. Or the number gets 38+10+22 = 70 ?

2. Secondly what about anti IR paint? Is it a new feature?

Thanks in advance

39 for Initially produced AK.
onwards 2007 produced basic AK and Ak1 both have now +10 more ammo capacity

and this the one in the autoloader as well(49 total).
This makes AK the most heaviest armed tank per tonnage.

 

[Bratva]

From ministry of defence production

Notice the Varta APS on the production variant of Al khalid

Interesting air conditioning unit, IBMS and Active protections are treated as add ons. One wonder how many base line Al Khalid units have these add ons.

 

[Manticore]

@farhan_9909 can you post the internet site link for these images [browser snap shot of specs] or are these scanned images?

 

[SQ8]

Interesting air conditioning unit, IBMS and Active protections are treated as add ons. One wonder how many base line Al Khalid units have these add ons.

This depends on the customer.. the PA is essentially a customer for the HIT.. and it depends on how much they have ordered.
So if a firm is churning out IBMS every month.. suffice to say that they have been ordered by a customer.

 

[farhan_9909]

@farhan_9909 can you post the internet site link for these images [browser snap shot of specs] or are these scanned images?

Posted from ministry of defence production..they are just 2-3 months old(dec 2012)..they are snapshots not scanned



you can open each company product list in .pdf in the Organizations list
open the link
http://www.modp.gov.pk

such as list of HIT products

http://www.modp.gov.pk/gop/index.ph...mcm1EZXRhaWxzLmFzcHg/b3B0PW1pc2NsaW5rcyZpZD00

This depends on the customer.. the PA is essentially a customer for the HIT.. and it depends on how much they have ordered.
So if a firm is churning out IBMS every month.. suffice to say that they have been ordered by a customer.

I am wondering which firm in pakistan manufacture the auxillary power unit?
does any AK in production has this?

 

[farhan_9909]

From desto archieves

Pakistan’s new generation MBT, the Al-Khalid II is a generational leap in capability over every tank Pakistan has employed with the possible exceptions of the Al-Khalid and T-80UD.

The tank is externally very similar to the Al-Khalid, due to the success of it’s basic external design (though the turret’s volume is slightly larger). Internally, however, the tank is not nearly as similar. While only 55% of the Al-Khalid’s components were essentially new (the rest were derived from existing designs), the new Al-Khalid II utilizes no components from any MBT other then the Al-Khalid. 35% of it’s components were not in the Al-Khalid. This makes the Al-Khalid II a substantially superior tank. Near every component has been changed in some way, some minor, some major. The fire-control system has been refined and improved in it’s speed at acquiring targets and making firing available in all conditions, particularly at high-speed over rough terrain. The commander is now available to acquire two targets independently, as opposed to one in the Al-Khalid. The laser-range finder has been made more robust, while the night-vision systems and all sights have been made more sensitive.
In general, near all components have been made more robust, as part of the Army’s drive to make the tank an ultra-reliable marvel of engineering. This is partially necessitated by a heavier design and more powerful (by 150hp) engine.

Perhaps the greatest advance in the tank’s design is it’s armour. While maintaining the modular and thus easily modifiable armour of the Al-Khalid, it has added another “layer.” The Al-Khalid II’s armour is made up of as much as 6 layers of armour, a base layer of steel, a layer of ultra-hard composites (to defeat long rod penetrators), another more minimal layer of steel (all of these layers being spaced to prevent penetration by a HEAT warhead), a layer of Kevlar to defeat minor threats to the tank (like small arms and smaller armour-piercing threats), and then a layer of nERA (non-explosive reactive armour, in this case, rubber), and then finally a layer of (selectively applied) bricks of either composites (often employed in peacetime to save costs and maintenance) or ERA (explosive reactive armour) to defeat HEAT-type threats. The tank is also equipped with more effective damage control (like explosive suppression) systems.

The tank’s armament is the same, but it has been made more lethal through the addition of more effective supporting systems. The autoloader maintains it’s speed of loading at 8-rounds a minute, but the carousel now holds 28 rounds, allowing more rounds to be stowed at ready. The new indigenous Niaza-II 125mm DU round (penetration: 650mm at 2,000m) is a significant improvement to the older Niaza rounds on the Al-Khalid. This is partially achieved through a longer penetration rod.

Upgrading the Al-Khalid to Comparable Standard:
The Al-Khalid tank was specifically designed with modularity in mind. As a result, the Niaza-II will be employed on the tank, once significant numbers are manufactured. In addition, the armor has been upgraded to Al-Khalid II standards (roughly). An upgrade package for the Al-Khalid has been designated Al-Khalid IB, this will probably be employed on all Al-Khalid MBTs eventually.

Deploying the Al-Khalid II:
Pakistan requires 1200 Al-Khalid II, to replace the Type 59, Type 69, and Type 85-IIAP. Only 300 of these 1200 tanks (the Type 85-IIAP) are the only tanks considered capable enough to soldier on to 2020. Thus, 900 replacement tanks are required fairly rapidly, with 300 more needed thereafter. The procurement schedule will be as follows:
2012: 100, 2013: 200, 2014: 200, 2015: 200, 2016: 200, 2017: 150, 2018: 150

The 2017 & 2017 national procurement will decrease to allow for exports, and due to decreased demand to replace the Type 85s. By 2014, this will allow the Type 59s, and by 2016 the Type 59s. Some of the 100 Al-Khalid II’s listed to enter service in 2012 (initial entry) will actually be built in late 2010, so that the tanks can trial (about 15) in 2011, in 2012 the tanks are projected to be cleared for service entry, as 100 of them reach the army.

After 2016, the Al-Khalids will be upgraded en masse to Al-Khalid IB standard, as factory burden decreases. After 2014, some Al-Khalids may be upgraded for trials type purposes.

http://z9.invisionfree.com/21c/ar/t4517.htm

More about Babur II and Shaheen III in the link as well

 

[krash]

From desto archieves

Pakistan’s new generation MBT, the Al-Khalid II is a generational leap in capability over every tank Pakistan has employed with the possible exceptions of the Al-Khalid and T-80UD.

The tank is externally very similar to the Al-Khalid, due to the success of it’s basic external design (though the turret’s volume is slightly larger). Internally, however, the tank is not nearly as similar. While only 55% of the Al-Khalid’s components were essentially new (the rest were derived from existing designs), the new Al-Khalid II utilizes no components from any MBT other then the Al-Khalid. 35% of it’s components were not in the Al-Khalid. This makes the Al-Khalid II a substantially superior tank. Near every component has been changed in some way, some minor, some major. The fire-control system has been refined and improved in it’s speed at acquiring targets and making firing available in all conditions, particularly at high-speed over rough terrain. The commander is now available to acquire two targets independently, as opposed to one in the Al-Khalid. The laser-range finder has been made more robust, while the night-vision systems and all sights have been made more sensitive.
In general, near all components have been made more robust, as part of the Army’s drive to make the tank an ultra-reliable marvel of engineering. This is partially necessitated by a heavier design and more powerful (by 150hp) engine.

Perhaps the greatest advance in the tank’s design is it’s armour. While maintaining the modular and thus easily modifiable armour of the Al-Khalid, it has added another “layer.” The Al-Khalid II’s armour is made up of as much as 6 layers of armour, a base layer of steel, a layer of ultra-hard composites (to defeat long rod penetrators), another more minimal layer of steel (all of these layers being spaced to prevent penetration by a HEAT warhead), a layer of Kevlar to defeat minor threats to the tank (like small arms and smaller armour-piercing threats), and then a layer of nERA (non-explosive reactive armour, in this case, rubber), and then finally a layer of (selectively applied) bricks of either composites (often employed in peacetime to save costs and maintenance) or ERA (explosive reactive armour) to defeat HEAT-type threats. The tank is also equipped with more effective damage control (like explosive suppression) systems.

The tank’s armament is the same, but it has been made more lethal through the addition of more effective supporting systems. The autoloader maintains it’s speed of loading at 8-rounds a minute, but the carousel now holds 28 rounds, allowing more rounds to be stowed at ready. The new indigenous Niaza-II 125mm DU round (penetration: 650mm at 2,000m) is a significant improvement to the older Niaza rounds on the Al-Khalid. This is partially achieved through a longer penetration rod.

Upgrading the Al-Khalid to Comparable Standard:
The Al-Khalid tank was specifically designed with modularity in mind. As a result, the Niaza-II will be employed on the tank, once significant numbers are manufactured. In addition, the armor has been upgraded to Al-Khalid II standards (roughly). An upgrade package for the Al-Khalid has been designated Al-Khalid IB, this will probably be employed on all Al-Khalid MBTs eventually.

Deploying the Al-Khalid II:
Pakistan requires 1200 Al-Khalid II, to replace the Type 59, Type 69, and Type 85-IIAP. Only 300 of these 1200 tanks (the Type 85-IIAP) are the only tanks considered capable enough to soldier on to 2020. Thus, 900 replacement tanks are required fairly rapidly, with 300 more needed thereafter. The procurement schedule will be as follows:
2012: 100, 2013: 200, 2014: 200, 2015: 200, 2016: 200, 2017: 150, 2018: 150

The 2017 & 2017 national procurement will decrease to allow for exports, and due to decreased demand to replace the Type 85s. By 2014, this will allow the Type 59s, and by 2016 the Type 59s. Some of the 100 Al-Khalid II’s listed to enter service in 2012 (initial entry) will actually be built in late 2010, so that the tanks can trial (about 15) in 2011, in 2012 the tanks are projected to be cleared for service entry, as 100 of them reach the army.

After 2016, the Al-Khalids will be upgraded en masse to Al-Khalid IB standard, as factory burden decreases. After 2014, some Al-Khalids may be upgraded for trials type purposes.

Defence Science & Technology Organization (DESTO) (21c)

More about Babur II and Shaheen III in the link as well

Very old article and I believe the author is misnaming Al-Khalid I as Al-Khalid II. A good read nonetheless.