Ashoka's inscriptions found in different parts of Afghanistan provide direct evidence of his rule. These inscriptions, carved on rocks and pillars, contain Ashoka's teachings and policies, promoting Dhamma (righteousness) and emphasizing moral values.
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Seleucus did rule what is now Afghanistan after Alexander’s death. But he had to cede his easternmost territories to Chandragupta Maurya after the Seleucid-Mauryan wars. In return, the Maurya emperor gifted Seleucus 500 elephants. This can be known from many sources, among which is Strabo’s Geographica. Also, the presence of the Ashokan edicts at various sites in Afghanistan and Pakistan would mean that those areas were provinces of the Mauryan Empire. When the Mauryas held sway, the Greco-Bactrians were restricted to Central Asia. They did not expand into Afghanistan until the Mauryans had lost all power and authority.
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