I prefer to call it a "upward spiral". The point is, once a person's religious status becomes a factor in whether or not they are legitimate then political competition is easily skewed into an ever-building contest of holier-than-thou personal attacks. Same thing happened in the American South after the 1831 Nat Turner slave rebellion, the South outlawed advocating Abolition, subsequent political contests fielded candidates competing in rising in pro-slavery fervor until the Union split apart; any attempt to tone it down and you were accused of being a secret Abolitionist - practically an outlaw.
exactly what set the stage for Nazi rise to power...excessive dominance of communist in German politics strengthen the far right of fascist parties. Hitler ideals became the legitimate face of German politics, anything else could be commie conspirator.
Mr. Sikandar Lakhani,
I got my education from govt Schools and Colleges and after intermediate from a govt college in Karachi I could write better English than you sir. So, while you intend to give us your expert opinion on cause of state of education I would suggest you put blame for all the ills of Pakistani society on Jinnah since in your opinion whoever starts a process is blamed for the end results even if it after 40 years of his death.
before I go further I would tell you guys that my family including myself never ever voted for PPP but, I would say ZAB had good intentions and he had setup an excellent system of education, hiring qualified teacher and setting up teachers training school every teacher had to go for training for 8 weeks every two years. Throughout my school and college I had excellent teachers....So I give credit to ZAB for setting up an excellent system but those who came after him ruined everything and that is not just education but every other civil institution.
I would consider this post from an delusional idiot..Who the hell progress forward by setting up entire national education system in Sindhi and Urdu medium?
general ayub made ZA Bhutto and both were racist people and responsible for dividing the country into ethnic and linguistic lines
ayub started barring educated mohajirs from public offices, transfered capital near GHQ and patronised Bhutto who then broke pakistan because of his racism, eliminated remaining mohajirs from public service, stole all mohajir properties and wealth through nationalisation and filled all govt offices with his villager sindhis and strengthened feudal lords of sindh
the curse which is following pakistan since 50 years.
Ayub understood the game of power, politics and money.
And revisiting his policies, it is obvious that he knew certain third class sections of society have to be kept away from politics and money. One cannot put square blame on Ayub, as culture does not change over night. For all cultural and practical purpose, we are still infused into the hindu caste system mentality and caste system is present all around us. Gen. Ayub just took to political application of it, as the previous ten years of turmoil in Pakistan was result of every tom, dick and harry poking their oar into politics. Ayub cleansed the system, he was simply reacting to ground and cultural realities based on situational awareness.
The so called rise of 22 "robber baron" families Ayub is often blamed for were entirely created from Bhutto socialist imagination. Any socialist ideology and party needs a capitalist enemy to succeed. One cannot consider the immense contribution of people like BECO, Habib, Dawoods, Saigols, Adamjees, etc as "robber barons". No cases could be proven and further these families continue to enjoy clout in Pakistani economy and business. A little known fact which is often not discussed that many industrialist who fell victim to nationalization were those who lot industrial units in East-Pakistan, again due to reckless politics of Bhutto and squarely blamed bhutto for it - demanding compensation / tax rebates from Pak govt. Bhutto reacted by nationalizing those industries.
The only true robber barons were Bhuttos themselves, and later on their inlaws the Zardaris. Famous China cutting scandal in Karachi needs no introduction. Bhutto family openly plundered Pakistan to fill swiss bank coffers and when corners resorted to violence and terrorism. It would have been history made if Bhutto entire family was met with same fate as Tsar of Russia...
Bhutto left a legacy of religious extremism, terrorism and corruption.
A country with destroyed industrial base, destroyed education system and begging roti, kapra makan in forigen aid.
