Oh yaar tu aesa kar.......kay khuda da khauf karkay....aur angraizee pehlay seekh lay.
yae chinese nu chhappay lugganay day. They are only good at that.
P.S. Those production lines that you are talking about, those are all for clothing, trinkets, household items and cheap walmart and target junk.
China could emerge as a scientific and technical superpower in the next 20 years if it improves its management of intellectual property and finance, further liberalises its markets, and relaxes political constraints.
Summary Analysis: Since it embarked on economic liberalisation in the 1980s, China has emerged as a global manufacturing powerhouse. It appears likely that unless there is a domestic crisis or a global economic depression, China's enterprises will move up the value chain in the next decades, from cheap manufacturing to design and systems integration. It is also likely that the country will continue to grow its infrastructure for scientific research and engineering and will continue to attract foreign capital. In the next two decades, it will probably also follow today's emerging scientific powers (such as Singapore and Korea) in competing for world-class, often Western-trained, scientific and engineering talent.
These factors will continue to enable China's scientific and technological advancement:
Educational reform and growth -- China has long been a leading exporter of graduate students. In the last 20 years, domestic training programs in science and technology have grown dramatically. PhD production increased fiftyfold between 1986 and 1999, from less than 200 to more than 7,000 degrees granted annually. By some estimates, China now graduates more engineers than the rest of the world combined. Part of this growth has been driven by an expansion of the Chinese higher education system, a trend that seems certain to continue. More ambitious universities are likely to recruit heavily from abroad.
Foreign investment -- In the 1990s, China began to attract substantial foreign investment in R&D. Today, about 400 of the Fortune 500 have a presence in China, and there are several hundred foreign-funded R&D centres. Many of the early centres were little more than testing facilities established to fulfill state requirements regarding foreign investment; the newer centers, in contrast, are not just engaged in product localisation or supporting manufacturing but are moving into high-quality design and research aimed at global markets.
Innovation structures -- Like the US and EU countries, China has developed new institutions designed to promote the transfer of academic knowledge into the marketplace and to incubate new companies. Beijing's Zhongguancun Science Park is host to thousands of small high-tech companies, some 1,800 of which were started by Chinese expatriates lured home in the late 1990s and 2000s.
State policy -- Both the national Chinese government and individual states have developed programs for attracting foreign investment, incubating new businesses, and promoting innovation. Government funding for basic science doubled between 1995 and 2000, and China aims to increase funding for R&D from 1% to 1.5% of GDP (a figure comparable to the US immediately after World War II). The government's priorities have also shifted: some of its inefficient state institutes, many of them located in the nation's interior, have been closed, while funding for the Chinese space program (which has great symbolic and military value) has been generous.
Western commentators identify significant limits to the growth of Chinese science and technology, however. Intellectual property and patent regimes are still murky, and this is likely to inspire reluctance among Western companies. Concerns about military transfer of new technology, and the degree to which China is pursuing its own technical standards in order to challenge Western companies, may also become more pronounced.
They were flying them in full force until 1995 Mark! 4000 of them man!
Huh!!!...whose saying whom!
