That's what I'm talking about. In order to climb up the value addition chain a country should move step by step. Quantum leap is unheard of in free markets. Even centrally planned socialist economies failed when they've tried such leaps. Take a look at Mao's disastrous Great Leap Forward.
So one can argue that for the upcoming two decades -at least- Vietnam will be in the lowest end of the value addition chain. This two decades will be investment driven and simply Vietnamese workforce will be exploited for the cheapest price possible, until there is some infrastructural maturity. After that you will be able to do what China is doing today : transforming your economy into a consumption driven, middle class and services oriented one by climbing the value addition chain. And as you can see from Chinese experience today this is much easier said than done.
However in it's experience China enjoyed certain advantages that we won't be able to talk about TPP experience of Vietnam.
1. Cold War was still going on when US money started to pour into Chinese economy. US knew Sino-Soviet split was an opportunity. That's why the investments had minimum political liabilities. This gave Chinese government the ability to somewhat "bend" the rules. By manipulating their currency and inhibiting worker rights they could pressurize the labour costs even lower so that they enjoyed lion's share on the FDI without much competition.
In Vietnam's case Washington is already dictating it's own terms. If Vietnam goes down that road, labour costs would increase rapidly without infrastructural maturity and capital accumulation. That would simply stagnate the economy and kill growth. Because Vietnam would need more investment to grow(not ready to climb up) but FDI won't be coming because labour costs.
Here's Washington's demands
http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2016/01/tpp-mexico-labor-rights/426501/
http://www.politico.com/magazine/st...workers-in-vietnam-pursue-their-rrghts-118720
Here's from the TPP official US website
"TPP also establishes specific labor reforms that Vietnam, Malaysia, and Brunei must undertake to meet their TPP obligations. The United States will not bring TPP into force with these countries if the reforms are not made. And we will not hesitate to take action against any countries that fail to live up to their obligations in the labor chapter, including through trade sanctions."
https://ustr.gov/tpp/
While waiting for the FDI to come Vietnam could even face sanctions.
China never had such political obligations for taking FDI from US and becoming most trading nation.
2. I will cut it shortly. Robotics technology is currently developing fast and there is huge investments from every player in the market including China despite it's vast human source. Most of the low value added manufacturing jobs are being automated even as we speak. Hence the opportunity window for this path of development might not be long enough for Vietnam.
3. If US can help a country to develop economically by providing a magic solution, it would've been Mexico first. This nation is a superpower since 1945, the biggest economy of the World since 1900. They have been a developed country since they were literally formed. Because they came from Europe and had all the know how. Thus asking for US policy makers help for a developing nation like Vietnam would be like a worker asking help of Donald Trump to make ends meet. It just won't work because they don't even know about what you're dealing with. They can't even imagine. But in order to ease their conscious they will cough *** mandate *** cough reforms which will probably make more harm then good.