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FOOD SECURITY IN CHINA
S. Z. Gu and Y. J. Zhang
Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
Summary
China’s government and people regard food security as one of the most important issues
in economic and social development. Because of the existing population and resource
pressure, increase of living standard, and accelerating urbanization and industrialization,
China is facing a severe challenge in food security. As the largest developing country
with more than 5000 years of history, China’s government has always paid great
attention to food problems. Since its founding in 1949, the People’s Republic of China
has already basically resolved the problem in providing enough food to its people. The
main successful experience is summarized as four aspects: decades of efforts. The main
experience are to adhere to the principle that agriculture is the foundation of the national
economy, giving top priority to agriculture in national economic development; to take
grain production as the key point in rural economic work, making all possible efforts to
ensure a steady increase in total grain output; to successfully carry out rural economic
reform by mobilizing the enthusiasm of farmers for grain production; basic conditions
for agricultural production have been continuously improved; land resources have been
developed and made full use of in a comprehensive way. China has decided to take
basic self-sufficiency and minimum necessary imports as the basic policy for food
security for the foreseeable future. Many measures have been adopted by government to
ensure food security, including the following: policies for protecting cultivated land
have been formulated and implemented, especially for protecting basic farmland with
the strictest farmland management system; the governor grain responsibility system and
mayor vegetable basket responsibility system have been adopted to ensure production
and supplies of grain and other staple foodstuffs; commercial grain bases and vegetable
bases have been taken as the most effective measures for ensuring food security;
expansion of state grain reserve capacity and grain marketing restructuring have been
taken as the main measures for strengthening the government’s ability to control the
national grain market; and a food quarantine system has been set up and implemented to
protect consumer health.
http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c16/E1-54-07.pdf
S. Z. Gu and Y. J. Zhang
Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
Summary
China’s government and people regard food security as one of the most important issues
in economic and social development. Because of the existing population and resource
pressure, increase of living standard, and accelerating urbanization and industrialization,
China is facing a severe challenge in food security. As the largest developing country
with more than 5000 years of history, China’s government has always paid great
attention to food problems. Since its founding in 1949, the People’s Republic of China
has already basically resolved the problem in providing enough food to its people. The
main successful experience is summarized as four aspects: decades of efforts. The main
experience are to adhere to the principle that agriculture is the foundation of the national
economy, giving top priority to agriculture in national economic development; to take
grain production as the key point in rural economic work, making all possible efforts to
ensure a steady increase in total grain output; to successfully carry out rural economic
reform by mobilizing the enthusiasm of farmers for grain production; basic conditions
for agricultural production have been continuously improved; land resources have been
developed and made full use of in a comprehensive way. China has decided to take
basic self-sufficiency and minimum necessary imports as the basic policy for food
security for the foreseeable future. Many measures have been adopted by government to
ensure food security, including the following: policies for protecting cultivated land
have been formulated and implemented, especially for protecting basic farmland with
the strictest farmland management system; the governor grain responsibility system and
mayor vegetable basket responsibility system have been adopted to ensure production
and supplies of grain and other staple foodstuffs; commercial grain bases and vegetable
bases have been taken as the most effective measures for ensuring food security;
expansion of state grain reserve capacity and grain marketing restructuring have been
taken as the main measures for strengthening the government’s ability to control the
national grain market; and a food quarantine system has been set up and implemented to
protect consumer health.
http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c16/E1-54-07.pdf
