The Great Game Changer: Belt and Road Intiative (BRI; OBOR)

[TaiShang]

China Announces New 'Silk Road' Through Russia, India / Sputnik International

China's Foreign Minister announced that China is ready to cooperate with Russia and India to create an economic corridor that benefits all parties.

Russian-Chinese Relations Reach ‘Unprecedented High’ Level
MOSCOW, February 12 (Sputnik) — China is ready to develop economic cooperation with Russia and India as part of the "One Belt and One Road" strategy, the building of a new Silk Road, China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi announced on Monday.


"We call for mutual benefits over a zero-sum game, over confrontation. China created the 'One Belt and One Road' initiative. We want to continue the tradition of the Silk Road and give it with a new meaning in a new century," he told journalists after the trilateral Russia-China-India Foreign Minister talks.

According to Yi, China is ready to cooperate with all countries located along the economic corridors that connect China with Europe.

China Passes US to Become World's Top Foreign Investment Destination
"This is not a Chinese solo, this is a symphony for all our partners," Yi noted, stating that China will cooperate with all interested parties, above all Russia and India to achieve mutual benefits in the 21st century.


In 2013 the Chinese government ratified the "One Belt and One Road" strategy, an economic belt that passes through the countries of the Silk Road which once connected China with Europe through East and Central Asia.



Read more: China Announces New 'Silk Road' Through Russia, India / Sputnik International

 

[cirr]

CHINA AND RUSSIA JOIN FORCES TO BUILD NEW JUMBO JET

A CHALLENGER APPEARS

By Jeffrey Lin and P.W. Singer Posted 13 hours ago

C929 United Aircraft Corporation This is the first official concept art of the new Sino-Russian jumbo jet, which can seat up to 280 passengers (stretched versions can probably carry 350 passengers).

China and Russia are taking their high tech relationship to the next level, as the preliminary design for their jumbo jet will be completed by July. The C929 will be China's ever largest civilian aircraft, and Russia's largest post-Cold War jetliner.

C919 Assembly hangkongwuyu via Weibo In January 2015, the C919 prototype has its wings attached to the fuselage. The C919 is China's largest civilian aircraft, with its first flight planned in 2016. COMAC hopes that experience from developing the C919 will help in developing the larger "C929" with Russia.

The United Aircraft Corporation (UAV) and China's COMAC civilian aviation firm have been collaborating since early 2014 to build a wide body jetliner capable of seating 250 to 280 passengers in a 3-class configuration, with a range of 12,000km. While this aircraft has not yet been named, its Chinese designation is likely to be C929 (COMAC's 190 passenger C919 is currently China's largest civil aircraft project).

Irkut MC-21 United Aircraft Corporation The MS-21, like the Airbus 320, Boeing 737 and Comac C919, is a medium sized narrow-body jetliner capable of carrying up to 190 passengers. The MS-21 is expected to enter service around 2017 or 2018.

Russia has high hopes for the C929, as evidenced by the string of Russian defense and industry ministers praising the jet to the press. UAC President Yuri Slyusar said that the C929 will cost $13 billion to develop, with a first flight between 2021 and 2022. Russian Industry and Trade Minister Denis Manturov says that Chinese and Russian engineers will develop the prototype blueprints between 2016 and 2018, with a service entry date of 2025. Slyusar notes that UAC will build the composite wing and tail of the C929, while China will handle fuselage construction. To reduce costs and improve reliability, the initial C929 is likely to use Western engines from Pratt & Whitney, General Electric or Rolls Royce, though Russia's United Engine Corporation hopes to power some C929 by 2030. Chinese technologies would likely include the use of advanced manufacturing techniques like 3D printing, not to mention funding.

Chartered Air Force One China Daily Currently, Chinese presidents charter Air China (China's flag carrier) Boeing 747s to take them aboard, such as this visit by then President Hu Jintao to Mexico in 2005. In the future, the C929 is likely to be the first aircraft to serve as a permanent airliner for China's future leaders.

The C929's basic 290 passenger capacity suggests that it would have a maximum takeoff weight of about 250 tons, about the same size as the Boeing 787 or Airbus 350. On the civilian side, initial C929s may not be technologically advanced as their Western counterparts, but they would provide a lower cost alternative for airlines around the world. Likewise, a militarized C929 would be a welcome addition to China's military aviation. A C929 in PLAAF service could serve as a refueling tanker (the similarly sized A330 MRTT is already in Australian, British, Saudi and Singaporean service) for Chinese bombers and stealth fighters. The C929 would also be more fuel efficient than Y-20 and Il-76 cargo planes, making it a longer ranged aerial command center for Chinese air operations, as well as serving as an "Air Force One" for Chinese leaders, in addition to being an airborne nuclear command post.

China And Russia Join Forces To Build New Jumbo Jet | Popular Science

 

[BoQ77]

Wonder the role of Russian in the new jumbo jet.
Doesn't Russia have 3D printing technology and reliable engines for that?

 

[TaiShang]

Russo-Chinese Widebody Concept Design Underway
Full-scale development of a Russo-Chinese widebody may begin next year

Feb 11, 2015 Aviation Week & Space Technology

Russia’s United Aircraft Corp. (UAC) and China’s Comac have begun preliminary design of their proposed joint 250-280-seat widebody airliner, which Moscow now expects to enter service in 2025. This phase should be completed by July, says UAC President Yury Slyusar, while Industry and Trade Minister Denis Manturov suggests that full-scale development will begin next year.

• “We have the money for this,” Manturov says, referring to the preliminary design. As for the next design stage, more funding will be needed, and this would fall in the 2016-18 budget cycle, according to an Interfax-AVN news agency report on the press conference.
  
  By “next design stage,” Manturov appears to be referring to detail design. That implies that a nine-year program for full-scale development will be launched in 2016. Entry into service in 2025 would be at the end of the target period previously set as 2023-25. China and Russia each allowed eight years for development of their narrowbody airliners, theC919 and MS-21, respectively, and each now expects that it will take 10 years to bring those aircraft to fruition.
  
  Last November Slyusar, who was then Russia’s deputy industry and trade minister, said that the aircraft would make its first flight in 2021-22. Development cost is now estimated at $13 billion before the ruble’s recent fall in value, he says. That compares with a figure of $7-8 billion he mentioned in November. The cheaper ruble should reduce the U.S.-dollar cost of the program, however; the two sides are probably budgeting in dollars because that is the currency customers and suppliers will use.
  
  
  
  The structure of the proposed Russo-Chinese widebody is likely to have a large composite content. Credit: United Aircraft Corp.
  
  
  UAC and Comac, both state-owned, signed a memorandum on cooperation for the program in May 2014. A joint feasibility study was completed in autumn 2014 with positive results, says a UAC official.
  
  Russian industry is keen to work with the Chinese since Beijing can afford to help fund the program. The joint widebody program has been met with great support from the Russian government, but a wholly Russian effort may struggle for funding. Comac is far less keen about the endeavor, say industry officials in China, because the Chinese industry would likely receive government backing for independent development of a widebody. One has been planned for several years under the name C929.
  
  UAC is likely to develop and build the composite wing and fin for the widebody while Comac handles the fuselage, says Slyusar. Although that blueprint assigns the most difficult part of the airframe to Russia, the UAC president points out that not all of the technology is coming from his side. “China is now not only a market and investor but is also providing some expertise in technologies needed for our joint project,” he says.
  
  Still, UAC has more experience in major composite structures than the Chinese industry has, although Avic, Comac’s airframe supplier, owns Austrian composites specialist FACC. UAC subsidiary Aerocomposit has developed the carbon-fiber wing for the MS-21 in cooperation with FACC and Diamond Aircraft, another Austrian company. That wing completed fatigue testing at the government aeronautical engineering institute TsAGI near Moscow last spring. Comac considered developing a composite wing for the C919, but ultimately decided against it.
  
  The MS-21 wing has since been sent to TsAGI for static testing. Program managers for the widebody are looking at their options in acquiring tooling that needs to be ordered early, says an industry official in the U.S. Their requirements are consistent with the large-scale use of composites that Slyusar describes.
  
  The UAC president hopes that most of the work on the aircraft will be done in Russia. That point should be settled soon, since detailed work distribution will be defined during the current, preliminary design phase. UAC estimates that the world will need 8,000 widebody airlines through 2033, with 1,000 bought by Chinese airlines.
  
  Comac’s studies have pointed to a gap in the market for a widebody with the moderate range of 7,400 km (4,000 nm), but in November Mikhail Pogosyan, who was then president of UAC, said the joint airliner would have a range of up to 12,000 km and seat 250-300 passengers. Slyusar has refined that to 250-280 seats in the basic version, which could later be lengthened or shortened.
  
  The intended engine for the type has not been mentioned, but a competitive widebody would almost certainly need a Western powerplant in its initial versions. Similarly, Western onboard systems would normally be expected.
  
  Tensions between Russia and the West over the past year must increase the desire of Moscow, if not Beijing, to equip the aircraft as far as possible with systems from Russian and Chinese factories. The Chinese are probably far from building an industry capable of producing robust, efficient aircraft systems able to meet globally recognized certification standards, but Russian industry could develop some equipment.
  
  Russia’s United Engine Corp. (UEC) says it discussed possible joint development of a high-thrust engine for the new widebody with Avic during Airshow China at Zhuhai last November. The parties have had “serious negotiations,” a UEC representative tells Aviation Week. The parameters of the joint engine should be defined in the first quarter of this year. It would be a Phase 2 powerplant for the aircraft, which would probably go into service with a Western engine.
  
  Avic Commercial Aircraft Engines has been working on the preliminary design of a turbofan for the widebody, with the aim of entry into service between 2025 and 2030.
  
  The Chinese have had far less experience in developing transport aircraft than the Russians, but they trail only slightly in producing aircraft with globally recognized airworthiness certification. UAC’s Sukhoi Superjet 100 regional jet is the first such Russian aircraft; it entered service in 2011 and has certification endorsed by the European Aviation Safety Agency. Comac’s ARJ21, a similarly sized aircraft, was declared airworthy in December after a certification program monitored by the FAA.
  
  With Guy Norris in Los Angeles.
  

 

[war is peace]

CHINA AND RUSSIA JOIN FORCES TO BUILD NEW JUMBO JET

A CHALLENGER APPEARS

By Jeffrey Lin and P.W. Singer Posted 13 hours ago

C929 United Aircraft Corporation This is the first official concept art of the new Sino-Russian jumbo jet, which can seat up to 280 passengers (stretched versions can probably carry 350 passengers).

China and Russia are taking their high tech relationship to the next level, as the preliminary design for their jumbo jet will be completed by July. The C929 will be China's ever largest civilian aircraft, and Russia's largest post-Cold War jetliner.

C919 Assembly hangkongwuyu via Weibo In January 2015, the C919 prototype has its wings attached to the fuselage. The C919 is China's largest civilian aircraft, with its first flight planned in 2016. COMAC hopes that experience from developing the C919 will help in developing the larger "C929" with Russia.

The United Aircraft Corporation (UAV) and China's COMAC civilian aviation firm have been collaborating since early 2014 to build a wide body jetliner capable of seating 250 to 280 passengers in a 3-class configuration, with a range of 12,000km. While this aircraft has not yet been named, its Chinese designation is likely to be C929 (COMAC's 190 passenger C919 is currently China's largest civil aircraft project).

Irkut MC-21 United Aircraft Corporation The MS-21, like the Airbus 320, Boeing 737 and Comac C919, is a medium sized narrow-body jetliner capable of carrying up to 190 passengers. The MS-21 is expected to enter service around 2017 or 2018.

Russia has high hopes for the C929, as evidenced by the string of Russian defense and industry ministers praising the jet to the press. UAC President Yuri Slyusar said that the C929 will cost $13 billion to develop, with a first flight between 2021 and 2022. Russian Industry and Trade Minister Denis Manturov says that Chinese and Russian engineers will develop the prototype blueprints between 2016 and 2018, with a service entry date of 2025. Slyusar notes that UAC will build the composite wing and tail of the C929, while China will handle fuselage construction. To reduce costs and improve reliability, the initial C929 is likely to use Western engines from Pratt & Whitney, General Electric or Rolls Royce, though Russia's United Engine Corporation hopes to power some C929 by 2030. Chinese technologies would likely include the use of advanced manufacturing techniques like 3D printing, not to mention funding.

Chartered Air Force One China Daily Currently, Chinese presidents charter Air China (China's flag carrier) Boeing 747s to take them aboard, such as this visit by then President Hu Jintao to Mexico in 2005. In the future, the C929 is likely to be the first aircraft to serve as a permanent airliner for China's future leaders.

The C929's basic 290 passenger capacity suggests that it would have a maximum takeoff weight of about 250 tons, about the same size as the Boeing 787 or Airbus 350. On the civilian side, initial C929s may not be technologically advanced as their Western counterparts, but they would provide a lower cost alternative for airlines around the world. Likewise, a militarized C929 would be a welcome addition to China's military aviation. A C929 in PLAAF service could serve as a refueling tanker (the similarly sized A330 MRTT is already in Australian, British, Saudi and Singaporean service) for Chinese bombers and stealth fighters. The C929 would also be more fuel efficient than Y-20 and Il-76 cargo planes, making it a longer ranged aerial command center for Chinese air operations, as well as serving as an "Air Force One" for Chinese leaders, in addition to being an airborne nuclear command post.

China And Russia Join Forces To Build New Jumbo Jet | Popular Science

Please cirr the story page is white blank except I long press screen and highlight everything only topics and reply are seen. Can I rectify or you have same problem. Pls don't lol.

 

[mike2000]

Wonder the role of Russian in the new jumbo jet.
Doesn't Russia have 3D printing technology and reliable engines for that?

Good question bro. lol Well Russia's engine tech still lags far behind that of the U.K/U.S and even France. Reason they wont be using their Soviet era engines to power such a sophisticated jet liner. They need more time to design such a sophisticated engine for such a crucial civilian aircraft . Better to use proven/reliable enginesso this aircraft can be sucessful. So i will say the Russians made a good decision BOQ.

 

[ChineseTiger1986]

Good question bro. lol Well Russia's engine tech still lags far behind that of the U.K/U.S and even France. Reason they wont be using their Soviet era engines to power such a sophisticated jet liner. They need more time to design such a sophisticated engine for such a crucial civilian aircraft . Better to use proven/reliable enginesso this aircraft can be sucessful. So i will say the Russians made a good decision BOQ.

lol, France hasn't even built any military aircraft engine which is comparable to AL-31 or WS-10, neither is the UK.

 

[UKBengali]

lol, France hasn't even built any military aircraft engine which is comparable to AL-31 or WS-10, neither is the UK.

Actually Rolls Royce are world leaders in jet engine construction.

France's Snecma has allied with US manufacturers to develop civilian jet engine and has helped Russia develop engines for a new jet.

Good question bro. lol Well Russia's engine tech still lags far behind that of the U.K/U.S and even France. Reason they wont be using their Soviet era engines to power such a sophisticated jet liner. They need more time to design such a sophisticated engine for such a crucial civilian aircraft . Better to use proven/reliable enginesso this aircraft can be sucessful. So i will say the Russians made a good decision BOQ.

I am still a little surprised that Russia/China don't feel confident enough to develop a competitive jet engine by 2025.

 

[mike2000]

Actually Rolls Royce are world leaders in jet engine construction.

France's Snecma has allied with US manufacturers to develop civilian jet engine and has helped Russia develop engines for a new jet.



I am still a little surprised that Russia/China don't feel confident enough to develop a competitive jet engine by 2025.

He doesnt seem to know that our Rolls-Royce RB 199 MK 103 turbofan engines powersTornado GR4, by the way our turbofan engine is more adavanced than Russian ones , much less the WS10.lol , thought Chinese Tiger knew this obviously.

As for your last point, well the Chinese and Russians are just being realistic. They are not yet capable of producing a large jet liner engine for such a sophisticated/large aircraft like this one, especially to international standards. So its better to be realistic and know your limits than to set unrealistic targets which you know you cant meet, kind of like the Indians saying they will develop an engine to power their fith generation aircraft by themselves. So better be pragmatic and make your projects move forward faster even if it means using a foreign engine. Same as China using foreign engines for its ARJ and C919 aircraft and russian engines to power most of its fighter jets/transport aircrafts.

 

[Aepsilons]

He doesnt seem to know that our Rolls-Royce RB 199 MK 103 turbofan engines powersTornado GR4, by the way our turbofan engine is more adavanced than the Russian ones , much less the WS10.lol , thought Chinese Tiger knew this obviously.

Rolls Royce is in a league of its own. Period.

The name Rolls Royce exudes Excellence, Class. Often imitated but never duplicated.

 

[UKBengali]

Rolls Royce is in a league of its own. Period.

The name Rolls Royce exudes Excellence, Class. Often imitated but never duplicated.

Rolls Royce is equal to any US manufacturer in jet engine tech -particularly civilian turbofans.

 

[Aepsilons]

Rolls Royce is equal to any US manufacturer in jet engine tech -particularly civilian turbofans.

Rolls Royce spey turbofans are standardized the model for civilian and military turbofans (specially for maritime).

Anyways, the epitome of Rolls Royce Class is this:

The Rolls Royce Phantom,

$480,000 (US Dollars) , starting price.

 

[mike2000]

Rolls Royce is equal to any US manufacturer in jet engine tech -particularly civilian turbofans.

Actually we have built the first fighter jet aircraft in the world and the allies first operational fighter jet called the gloster meteor. It also was powered by Rolls-Royce turbine engines, which by the way was the first turboprop aircraft tin the world to fly. This just shows how much expereience/knowledge we have in this field. No country comes close tous in this field bar the U.S(who by the way got lots of tech from us as well in the beginning).
Its funny to see Chinese Tiegr comparing WS-10 to Rolls Royce engines, and saying we dont have anything comparable. loool Please use google more often bro.

Gloster Meteor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

[ChineseTiger1986]

Actually Rolls Royce are world leaders in jet engine construction.

France's Snecma has allied with US manufacturers to develop civilian jet engine and has helped Russia develop engines for a new jet.



I am still a little surprised that Russia/China don't feel confident enough to develop a competitive jet engine by 2025.

Well, this is the core of the jet engine technology for Snecma, which is also mainly the American technology.

CFM International CFM56 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

[UKBengali]

Well, this is the core of the jet engine technology for Snecma, which is also mainly the American technology.

CFM International CFM56 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Google SAM146 jet engine, which is being used in Sukhoi SuperjetSuperjet. That is mainly French engine technology.

I would say in engine tech currently US = UK > France > Russia > China.

China should match Russia by 2020 though.