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The Great Game Changer: Belt and Road Intiative (BRI; OBOR)

I was thinking of posting a picture of the pentagon on my profile pic and then claim that I'm a retired 4 star US general with 500 confirmed hand to hand terrorist kills. My screen name would have been "4 star retired US General McAwesome". And people would have believed that I was a retired US general because my handle said so. :omghaha:
So how comfortable is the General's chair? :D
 
So how comfortable is the General's chair? :D

Very. But I came out of retirement because America needed me. I went to Iraq and destroyed 200 ISIS tanks with nothing but my bare hands and a heart full of freedom.

Also, I personally gave Pres. Putin pancreatic cancer through sheer willpower and my love of cheeseburgers and the constitution.

Right now, I'm teaching my pet bald eagle how to sing the Star Spangled Banner while drinking a Budweiser. It's a tough life but someone's gotta do it. It's all true because I said so and no one ever lies on the internet. :cheesy:
 
I have many decades of experience as a US general. But now I'm US General Retired. :angel:
enjoy your well deserved state pension and live a luxurious American life :agree: , but of course our retired state department official here doesn't want to retire, he's very pro active with his American propaganda here at PDF.
 
enjoy your well deserved state pension and live a luxurious American life :agree: , but of course our retired state department official here doesn't want to retire, he's very pro active with his American propaganda here at PDF.

That's because he's only got 6 decades of experience at the state department while I have 9 decades of experience as a US general along with 4000 terrorist kills, 3000 of which were done with Charlene, my ballistic knife. :super:
 
Chinese yuan now accepted by Serbian central bank.

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Photo: © Sputnik/Aleksandr Yurev
 
Three Reasons Behind the Ruble's Rebound: Will It Last? / Sputnik International

The Russian ruble has recently resurged 30% from its mid-December all-time low, but the outlook is still alarming and options are limited as cheaper oil and international sanctions weigh on Russia’s economy.



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© SPUTNIK/ MIKHAIL KUTUZOV

MOSCOW, December 26 (Sputnik), Kristian Rouz — Russia’s national currency, the ruble, hit its three-week high yesterday, further strengthening during today’s trading, due to several factors, both fundamental and momentary ones. The principal driving force behind the ruble’s resurgence has been speculation over that the government’s decision to ‘advise’ exporters into selling part of their hard-currency revenues in order to hold down a looming financial crisis. The fact of the matter is that the current tax period has prompted large-scale sell-offs in dollars and euros by the nation’s leading exporters as they are paying taxes in rubles. The other two factors behind the ruble’s rebound are Central Bank of Russia (CBR) policy measures aimed at boosting commercial bank capitalization and mounting the sell-off of Russia’s FX reserves, which peaked at $15.7 bln sold in the week ending December 19.

The Russian ruble added 0.86% against the dollar to 52.1; however, trade volumes have been low, as most global markets close during Christmas holidays. The ruble also strengthened against the euro to 63.7.

The recent developments are perceived as optimistic in the market as the ruble depreciated dramatically earlier this month to an all-time low of 79.17 versus the dollar from a psychologically comfortable average of 30 rubles per 1 dollar throughout the last 15 years.


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© SPUTNIK/ VLADIMIR PESNYA

The main fundamental reason behind the ruble’s partial resurgence has been the tax period, coming each month, when the nation’s exporters, generating most of Russia’s hard-currency income, have been sellingdollars and euros and buying rubles as tax payments are ruble-denominated in Russia. However, this factor alone would not be sufficient to provide a sustainable recovery in the ruble’s FX rate. For instance, the ruble’s late-November highest point of 44.83 to the dollar came on November 24, but quickly slumped to 51.65 to the dollar on December 1, meaning the tax period provides only small volumes of hard currencies being sold on the domestic market, insufficient to shape the ruble’s FX rate. Fair enough: taxes are pretty low in Russia.

The markets have become more confident as the rumor spreads that Russian authorities have insisted exporters should sell more dollars and euros and buying more rubles than they need to pay taxes, salaries and cover other ruble-denominated expenses. This could be part of the Russian authorities’ plan to prevent a financial crisis caused by the lack of hard currencies on the domestic market, while many Russian companies have huge dollar-denominated foreign debts, amounting to over $678 bln total.

“Exporters are most likely selling their foreign-currency revenues following the government directive,” Sergey Vakhrameev of Moscow-based Ankor Invest toldBloomberg. “This is the key driver for the ruble’s gains.”


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© SPUTNIK/ VLADIMIR ASTAPKOVICH

The second factor causing the ruble’s resurgence is the CBR policy measure aimed at bank recapitalization, which will be the main determinant of the ruble’s fluctuation as long as international sanctions remain intact. The Bank of Russia is implementing its plan to provide dollar-denominated liquidity to companies that need it the most as sanctions have largely cut them off from international lenders. All in all, the CBR is intending to lend up to $19 bln to commercial banks in order to prevent a full-scale financial crisis. Next year, Russia’s private sector has to pay off some $120 bln of external debts, and the CBR said yesterday it will provide further dollar- and euro-denominated loans to companies in need.

The measure, the CBR said, would allow Russian companies “manage their own currency liquidity and also refinance Russian exporters’ external foreign currency debts payable in the near future, in conditions of limited access to international capital markets.”

As the CBR provides more hard-currency liquidity on the domestic market, while simultaneously sucking up excess ruble liquidity by having raised its interest rate to 17%, the ruble strengthens. However, the effects of these policy measures are fragile.

The third factor, supporting the ruble, is the ongoing massive sell-off of Russia’s FX reserves on the domestic market. Between December 12 and 19, the CBR lost $15.7 bln of its FX reserves, some of which were sold in order to support the ruble, the rest being lent to banks and other enterprises. The total value of Russia’s FX reserves diminished from $414.6 bln on December 12 to $398.9 bln on December 19. According to CBR data, the regulator spent $4.8 bln on FX interventions and provided $9.8 bln in repo deals aimed at boosting hard currency liquidity within Russia.


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© EAST NEWS/ AP

In such circumstances, Russia’s ruble remains fundamentally weak as its FX rate is supported via non-market regulative tools and policy measures. Russia’s national currency is lacking sustainability due to the negative effects of the international sanctions, cheaper oil and the excessive dollar- and euro-denominated indebtedness of the private sector. Russia’s authorities have said the reason behind the recent dramatic decline in the ruble’s FX rate was sheer currency speculation; however, in fact, FX speculators only added to the massive sell-off of rubles earlier this month. Short-to-mid-term risks for the ruble remain, determined by the shortage of hard-currency liquidity into Russia. The struggling nation might opt, however, to either impose limitations or direct control of capital flows, thus triggering immediate financial isolation. Another option could be the re-monetization of gold in an attempt to get rid of the dollar. Despite being a solid way of further development, the gold standard would, however, invoke all its well-known shortcomings, including the severe limitation on economic growth, higher short-term volatility, a threat of deflation and lack of flexibility in monetary policies during crises.

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@WebMaster , now it's even more difficult to like a post. Been trying to like a post for 10 minutes now and nothing happens. PDF was better a year ago.
 
Russia, Japan likely to cooperate in creating Eurasian Economic Corridor
Economy
December 30, 8:29 UTC+3
“This concept is very topical in spite of all the current difficulties,” MP Kunio Hatoyama said
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Yukio Hatoyama
© ITAR-TASS/EPA/SONG KYUNG-SEOK/POOL
TOKYO, December 30. /TASS/. Russia and Japan have perfect chances to take their cooperation in eastern Siberia and the Far East to a new level in 2015 if they set up the so-called Eurasian corridor, MP Yukio Hatoyama, an important figure in the ruling Liberal Democratic Party, said in an interview with TASS on Tuesday.

“This concept is very topical in spite of all the current difficulties,” said Hatoyama who has more than once occupied important governmental positions throughout his political career.




© EPA/MITSUI O.S.K. LINES/HANDOUT
Japanese company to operate LNG Arctic Ocean route from Russia to Europe, East Asia

He is president of the Japan-Russia Society, which unites the activists of different political forces, as well as large and medium-sized businesses.

“The concept of the Eurasian corridor is a major project of a fundamentally new development of the Trans-Siberian route from Europe to Vladivostok,” Hatoyama said. “It envisions not only a higher level of cargo haulage and development of natural resources (in the adjoining territories), but also the founding of up-to-date populated localities based on the utilization of highly advanced technologies and rationalized consumption of energy.”

“Japanese businesses are ready to take the most active part in developing the eastern section of the Eurasian corridor,” he said. “All the more that Russia’s current difficulties are provisional, I think.”

Hatoyama mentioned his visit to Moscow in October and his meetings with top executives of the Russian Railways state corporation, in the course of which agreement on promotion of the concept was reached.

He admitted that the outgoing year had been marked by difficulties in Japanese-Russian relation.

“The crisis around Ukraine wielded a heavy impact on them, as Japan was compelled to coordinate its positions with the US and the EU but Shinzo Abe’s government put maximum effort into making the measures, which this country adopted in cooperation with the West, as moderate as possible,” Hatoyama said.
 
China economy is going down badly now. its unemployment rate also rising. Dont know when China economy collapse, bro .

China only can produce cheap-low quality products. Its economy cant compare wt JP-German-US coz they can produce high quality-high tech products

there was a time when people said same thing about Japan, you always start from somewhere and no one can produce best quality from day one. Right now China is supplying low quality products to billions around the world who couldnt afforded high quality products from Germany and US, but in time those low quality user will have improvements in their life and be able to use high quality products, in the mean time china will graduate into high quality product club and still keeping his products users.
 
China Challenges US Economic War against Russia by Directly Challenging NATO Power

Alex Lantier | Wednesday, December 24, 2014

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Directly challenging the NATO powers’ policy of cutting off credit to Russia to undermine the ruble and bankrupt the Russian economy, China is pledging to extend financial aid to Moscow.


On Saturday, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi stressed the need for mutual aid between China and Russia in remarks on the ruble crisis, which has seen a drastic 45 percent fall in its value against the dollar this year.

“Russia has the capability and the wisdom to overcome the existing hardship in the economic situation,” Wang said. “If the Russian side needs it, we will provide necessary assistance within our capacity.”

On Sunday, Chinese Commerce Minister Gao Hucheng told Hong Kong’s Phoenix TV that Beijing would strengthen ties with Moscow in energy and manufacturing, predicting that Chinese-Russian trade would hit its target of $100 billion this year despite the ruble crisis.

As the ruble’s value in dollars or euros swings wildly, Gao proposed moving away from the dollar in financing Chinese-Russian trade and instead using the Chinese currency, the yuan or renminbi.

Gao said China would focus on “fundamental factors such as how the two economies complement each other,” Reuters reported. “Capital investors may be more interested in a volatile stock or foreign exchange market. But in terms of concrete cooperation between the two nations, we shall have a balanced mentality and push forward those cooperations,” Gao said.

Yesterday, China Daily cited Li Jianmin of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences saying that aid to Russia could pass through channels like the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) or the BRICS forum. Significantly, both the SCO (an alliance of China, Russia, and Central Asian states) and the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) exclude the United States and Europe.

Li noted that already last month, when Chinese and Russian premiers Li Keqiang and Dmitry Medvedev met in Kazakhstan, they signed extensive deals on railways, infrastructure and development in Russia’s Far East region, north of China. “Loans, cooperation in major projects, and participation in domestic infrastructure investment in Russia are options on the table,” he added.

In one such deal last month, China signed a $400-billion, 30-year deal to buy Russian gas.

These offers of assistance cut across the economic war on Russia launched by US and European imperialism to punish Moscow for opposing their neo-colonial restructuring of Eurasia.

In retaliation for Russian support for President Bashar al-Assad against NATO’s proxy war in Syria and Russian opposition to the NATO-backed Ukrainian regime in Kiev, the NATO powers sought to financially strangle Russia.

As Russian oil revenues fell in line with the fall in world oil prices and the ruble collapsed, they worked to cut off credit to Russia and demanded that Russia acquiesce to the Kiev regime. (See: Imperialism and the ruble crisis)

The basic financial mechanism of this strategy was laid out in London’s Financial Times by Anders Aslund of the Petersen Institute for International Economics. “Russia has received no significant international financing—not even from Chinese state banks—because everybody is afraid of US financial regulators,” he wrote.

With a yearly capital outflow of $125 billion, liquid foreign currency reserves of only $200 billion, and total foreign debts of $600 billion, Russia would run out of dollars and be bankrupted in as little as two years, Aslund calculated.

Now, however, Beijing appears to be accepting the risk of a showdown with the United States and publicly preparing to throw a financial lifeline to Russia. Chinese currency reserves of $3.89 trillion are the world’s largest and, on paper at least, allow Beijing to easily repay Russia’s debts.

Significantly, the calls of Wang and Gao to aid Russia came a day after a divided European Union (EU) summit on Russia last week.

Though the EU supported US sanctions against Russia, German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier, French President François Hollande and Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi all publicly opposed calls for more sanctions.

Leading European newspapers also warned of the risk of a collapse of the Russian state.

The economic conflicts erupting between the major powers over the oil crisis and the imperialist war drive in Eurasia testifies to the advanced state of the crisis of world capitalism, and the rising risk of world war.

Chinese aid to Russia, should it materialize, will exacerbate US conflict with China. Washington has tried to militarily encircle it through the “pivot to Asia,” allying with Japan, Australia, and India. Plans for war with China, both economic and military, are doubtless being pored over on Wall Street and in the Pentagon.

A year ago, in an article titled “China must not copy the Kaiser’s errors,”Financial Times columnist Martin Wolf warned China against any action that could be construed as a challenge to US global hegemony. He indicated that a Chinese policy replicating the German Kaiser’s challenge to British hegemony before the outbreak of World War I in 1914 would lead to a similar outcome: all-out conflict.

“If open conflict arrived, the US could cut off the world’s trade with China. It could also sequester a good part of China’s liquid foreign assets,” Wolf wrote, recalling that China’s “foreign currency reserves, equal to 40 percent of GDP are, by definition, held abroad.”

Such naked theft of trillions of dollars that China has earned from trade with the United States and Europe would directly raise the prospect of a collapse of global trade and preparation for war between nuclear-armed powers.

With its ever more reckless and violent policies, US imperialism is vastly overplaying its hand, discrediting itself at home and fueling opposition from rival states.

By driving Russia and China together, in particular, Washington is undoing what was long seen as a major achievement of US imperialist statecraft: the 1972 rapprochement between US President Richard Nixon and Chinese leader Mao Zedong, which turned China into a US ally against the former Soviet Union.

“Many Chinese people still view Russia as the big brother, and the two countries are strategically important to each other,” Renmin University Associate Dean Jin Canrong said, referring to Soviet backing for China as it fought the United States in the Korean War, shortly after the Stalinist Chinese Communist Party (CCP) came to power in 1949.

“For the sake of national interests, China should deepen cooperation with Russia when such cooperation is in need.”

“Russia is an irreplaceable partner on the international stage,” the CCP-linked Global Times wrote in an editorial yesterday. “China must take a proactive attitude in helping Russia walk out of the current crisis.”

As side from the differences on the forum China & India share a good relation ship & India has never joined the US bandwagon of Encircling China.It was china in the cold war who tried to harm our Interest by colluding with the US
 

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