Excuse me, what is your definition of winning that war by Pakistan? Was it that Pakistan should have captured Delhi, only then you would have conceded defeat! India had at least 4 times more troops and the total strength was more than that. But, what is your specific achievements in 1965 war even with this advantage?
India lost many of its aircrafts and the IA could not make any real dent to the PA. Don't you think that this was a great humiliation and defeat for the IA? Retrospectively, it was a Pakistani win over a much larger IA.
To win even an unequal war a larger army needs brave soldiers willing to sacrifice their lives. Indians are not that willing to do this sacrifice, they want to overwhelm its adversary only with numbers.
it's very simple...a heavily defended position like a bunker with multiple mmg ports...with adequate ammunition can defeat wave after wave of enemy attacks.In the Kargil war...few Pakistanis killed many IA men.At places they killed in tens...it was because of the heavily fortified positions they had...and the ascent to recapture those positions made it all the more difficult.
the other thing is the element of surprise...it breaks the back of the enemy...
The battle of Somme in the first world war teaches us exactly that...the Anglo-French troops got a taste of the surprise they planned to inflict on the Germans.
now....
Excuse me, what is your definition of winning that war by Pakistan? Was it that Pakistan should have captured Delhi, only then you would have conceded defeat! India had at least 4 times more troops and the total strength was more than that. But, what is your specific achievements in 1965 war even with this advantage?
Why we won the war?
the events which led to the war...Pakistan considered the scrapping of the special status to Kashmir by Shastri as a move to assimilate Kashmir into the Indian union...they decide that it is time to instigate the popular separatist sentiments in Kashmir.
The mujahideens come...are led down by the Kashmiris who side with the Indians...this event in general leads to an all-out war.
In the end a cease-fire is declared with us holding more territory(I presume that you acknowledge it)
and why we did not capture Islamabad...?
Did China capture Delhi in 1962?the fighting stuck to the mountainous regions of Himalayas and yet we did lose the war.
To understand this you have to understand who ordered the cease-fire.international pressure in those days meant everything.India and Pakistan have achieved a substantial amount of self-reliance now...but things were very different in the 60s...the UN was very powerful and both India and Pakistan were sans major allies...(US cut it's support to Pakistan...the USSR was neutral...the China-Pak angle wasn't there)
If India or Pakistan had chosen to ignore the UN call for a cease-fire...there would have been severe penalties...the lifeline of both the countries was loans and aid from the UN bodies...and it would have stopped.
Take the year 1998 for example when after the nuke tests...the sanctions that followed had an adverse effect on both the nations weapon systems and the whole arsenal in general...and the 60s were only darker.
So now how do we conclude who won and who lost?
a)on the basis of who held more land
b)on the basis of the ability to have out-lived the other country in weapons and ammunition stocks(or the attrition rate of the tanks,a/c s,ships,etc) and the amount of the other vital resources(diesel,petrol...) remaining with both the countries(there is no trade during wars....countries cancel shipments...that is why you need allies)
c)on the basis of objectives met
considering all that...it's hard to see how Pakistan won the '65 war...as we held more land...our attrition rate of both the airforce and the army and the navy was lesser...we had more resources....and J&K was made an Indian state.