Aren't we going a little overboard in putting our religion in top shelf?
The fact is, Hinduism (Sanatana Dharma, for the sake of political correctness) never really took off at once, nor do its founding books on philosophy suggest any particular date/era of the beginning.
Hinduism developed on its own, as people kept striving to find the 'truth', and kept working harder and harder (mentally, most often through meditation and reasoning) for generations.
Also, simply because Hinduism does deal with ages equivalent to/beyond eons, does not mean that the religion/philosophy in itself is that old. It will be very much akin to saying that 'because I know that the Universe is 15 Billion years old, then I must be at least 15 Billion years old too, simply because I can scale that age'. Wrong analogy!
As for the age of Hinduism, it can never be older than 6000-8000 years when the people began their agrarian society in the valley of Indus (and practicing stuff like building the houses strictly facing east/north, considering ling and yoni to be the sacred giver of life etc). But since then, the religion itself has changed drastically throughout its life.
About Hinduism and Universe:-
The only revolutionary idea that Hinduism gives, and may match completely with the ultimate secrets of the universe is the concept of entropy. Hinduism states that Brahman is completely decentralized.
But on the contrary (They called it Maya - Illusion) everywhere we see and experience everything in a centralized fashion. One organ to think, one organ to pump the blood, one government to rule a nation, one object of mass to warp the space time and form gravity directing it to the core, and things as such. However, entropy is one phenomenon that is universal in true sense, rules all the bodies, and all the existing conditions in the Universe, leading everything, including the universe to one sole fate of decentralization.
Apart from this, I have not found any solid connection between Hinduism and astrophysics. As far as Quantum Mechanics are concerned, we still do not know whether we are going in the right direction.