ASIA PACIFIC
Date Posted: 02-Sep-2010
Jane's Defence Weekly
India confirms presence of PLA battalion in Pakistani Kashmir
Rahul Bedi JDW Correspondent - New Delhi
The Indian Army has confirmed that a Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) infantry battalion is stationed in the Khunjerab pass in Pakistan-administered Kashmir's Gilgit-Baltistan region to provide security for workers building a high-speed railway and road.
This road and rail line will eventually link China's Xinjiang province to Gwadar and the adjoining Pasni and Omara ports on Pakistan's Western Makran coast in Balochistan province. China has been developing the transport link for more than eight years to gain access to the Persian Gulf, from where it imports more than 60 per cent of its oil supplies.
It takes up to four to six weeks for Chinese oil tankers to ferry oil from West Asia, but once the surface links via Gilgit and Baltistan in the region known as the Northern Areas are constructed it will take only 48 hours, according to senior Indian Army officers.
Indian Army intelligence officers, alerted to the PLA deployment in Pakistan-administered Kashmir by a recent report in The New York Times, believe the number of Chinese troops in that region will soon be tripled to brigade strength - about 3,000 to 5,000 personnel.
Pakistan, which does not allow independent media or observers into the Northern areas, has dismissed the Times reports as baseless and Indian's reaction to it as "hype".
China has also denied the reports as "baseless" and stemming from "ulterior purposes". "Some people are making fabrications to destroy relations between China, Pakistan and India, but in their attempt will arrive nowhere," foreign ministry spokeswoman Jiang Ju said at a regular briefing in Beijing on 2 September.
Quoting foreign intelligence sources, Pakistani journalists and human rights workers, however, the Times claims that about 7,000 to 10,000 PLA personnel are stationed in the Northern Areas.
Indian assessments indicate that the PLA presence has doubled as a bulwark to prevent the infiltration of Islamist Jihadists from Pakistan into Xinjiang province. "The PLA keeps the region under strict watch to avoid infiltration of Jihadists into China from the Northern Areas," said one military officer.
Security sources in New Delhi said the PLA presence in the Northern Areas will feature prominently in India's Chiefs of Staff Committee (CoSC) meeting, scheduled for early September.
Chaired by Air Chief Marshal P V Naik, the CoSC is expected to assess the seriousness of this development and accordingly inform the Indian Ministry of Defence, which in turn would appraise the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) headed by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.
The Times report also stated that mystery surrounded the construction of 22 tunnels in secret locations in the Gilti-Baltistan area, from where even Pakistanis were barred. Tunnels, it declared, would be necessary for a projected gas pipeline from Iran to China that would cross the Himalayas through Gilgit, but they could also be used as missile storage sites.
India is concerned about these developments as Kashmir is divided between it and Pakistan, which is a close Chinese military and nuclear ally.
Any incursion into Kashmir by the Chinese is of vital strategic importance to India's military establishment, which has been to war with both its nuclear-armed neighbours since independence.
Analysts said Beijing, wary of increased US military presence in the Persian Gulf and having no formidable blue water navy, feels "defenceless" against any possible hostile action by the West to choke its energy supplies. This perceived vulnerability has resulted in China scrambling for an alternative safe supply route for its energy shipments via Gwadar to fuel its impressive economic growth.
The cost of modernising Gwadar is an estimated USD1.16 billion, of which China has contributed USD198 million and Pakistan USD50 million towards the first phase. China has also invested another USD200 million into building a coastal highway connecting Gwadar with the southern Pakistani port city of Karachi.
The second phase, expected to cost USD526 million, will involve building nine additional berths and terminals at Gwadar and will also be financed by China. Eventually a garrison will be based at Gwadar, in addition to an air defence unit alongside an international airport capable of handling large commercial airliners.