Han people 汉族
Hakka people 客家人, literally means guest people, is a subgroup of the Han people who speak the Hakka language and have links to the provincial areas of Guangdong, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan and Fujian in China. The Hakka's ancestors were often said to have arrived from what is today's central China centuries ago. In a series of migrations, the Hakkas moved, settled in their present locations in southern China, and then often migrated overseas to various countries throughout the world. The worldwide population of Hakkas is about 80 million and have had a significant influence on the course of Chinese and world history: in particular, they have been a source of many revolutionary, government, and military leaders.
Waves of southward migration: 1) To escape the Qin Dynasty (220-207 BC) oppression 2) at the end of Tang Dynasty in the 10th Century 3) during the end of Northern Song Dynasty 北宋 in 1125. 4) Further southward migration at the beginning of Mongolian Yuan Dynasty 元朝 in 1271 and 5) when Kangxi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty repopulated the coastal area the Hakka were registered as "Guest Families" 客戶.
Most Hakka Oversea migrations were during the middle of 18th Century to the early part of the 19th Century and for economical reasons. Although there's no precise number but 10 million is the general consensus. Today there are more than 3 million Hakka living in Taiwan, and more than 5 million in Southeast Asia and the rest spread throughout the world.
Hakka is one of the major Chinese language subdivisions or varieties and is spoken natively by the Hakka people in southern China, Taiwan and throughout the diaspora areas of East Asia, Southeast Asia and around the world. Due to its primary usage in scattered isolated regions where communication is limited to the local area, the Hakka language has developed numerous variants or dialects. Hakka is not mutually intelligible with Mandarin, Wu, Min Nan, or other branches of Chinese. It is most closely related to Gan, and is sometimes classified as a variety of Gan. The Meixian County (梅县
dialect of northeast Guangdong in China has been taken as the "standard" dialect by the Chinese government.
Distribution of Hakka people in China (note: Hakka in Sichuan are not shown in this map)
Four generations of a Hakka family 四代同堂
Deng Xiaoping 邓小平 1904-1977, born in Guan'an County of Sichuan, the paramount leader of China that was instrumental for the country's modernization
Sun Yat-sen 孫中山 1866-1925, from Zhongshan County of Guangdong, founding father of ROC
Lee Kuan Yew 李光耀 1923- , the first Prime Minister of Singapore
Chow Yun-fat 周潤發 1955- a famous international actor from Hong Kong
Thaksin Shinawatra 丘达新 1949- , has ancestry from Meixian Guangdong, a billionaire former Prime Minister of Thailand
Zhu De 朱德 1886-1976, from Sichuan Province, one of a founder of PLA and a pioneer member of CPC