The Problem with Indians is that,they don't have any knowledge about Afghanistan and Taliban.Scores of Talibans are X-Soldiers and Officers of DRA.Who joined Talib ranks after fall of Kabul.Taliban don't have any sophisticated wepons,they have what was left from soviet war in Afghanistan.There are two of there major weapons sources.
1)Barter of Drugs with Weapons.Mafias from Europe, America,India and Pakistan would supply them weapon into Afghanistan.Sourceing is very easier,you get chemicals from India to make IED's,rest weapons are sourced out from East Europe.
2)Confasticated/Stolen/Purchased weapons from ANA,Police,ISAF and Militias.
Taliban ambushes some times begin with an IED going off followed by a volley of Rocket Propelled Grenades (RPG), recoilless rifle, mortar, medium machine gun (PK, PKM) fire, and if they can get them heavier DsHK 12.7 and 14.5 mm machine guns. Recently in Helmand province there are reports of
sharpshooters armed with old bolt action
Lee Enfields, Mosin Nagants and occasionally SVD sniper rifles. These weapons are supported by AK-47 carrying members of the unit. Assaults on bases especially at the battle of Wanat describe RPG fire hitting like machine gun fire.
Weapons Used by Talibans.
IED and Mines:
All kinds of IED's ranging from Suicide vests to SVBIED'S.Explosive is either made from Commerically available Chemicals,Few like AA are supplied from India rest tons of explosives are sourced from Duds.
When Soviets left,they left 10 to 30 million laid and unlaid mines in Afghanistan from there Arsenal
Small Arms:
Ak-47 M/S/MS,Type 56 i/ii are favourite small Arm of Talibs and almost every foot soldier is carrying it,other includes
M16,TT,Norinco CQ,G3,Ak74 N/U,Type 54 Pistol,Makarov PM,PPsh-41,M1.
7.62x39mm,7.62x54R,7.62x51NATO and 5.56 are widely used calibers.
Rockets:
Unguided 122mm and 107mm rockets are used in single and multiple launch configuration. There are what are often used when the news mentions a rocket attack at such and such a place.
BM-21 Grad,Chinese Type 63MBRL is abundent along it's 107mm ammo.
Rocket Propelled Grenades:
Can knock out a humvee, Bradley, or a Stryker with one hit can be effective against heavier armor if fired from behind or the sides. Against infantry the RPG has anti personnel effects similar to that of a grenade.
RPG-7 Range Max Effective 500 meters can fire a variety of anti armor and personnel rounds Rate of fire up to 6 per minute. You see Taliban gunners carrying the launch tube and several rounds in a back pack. Other members of the unit will also carry rounds for the weapon.
Talibs have been seen using
RPG-7,RPG-18,Type 69 RPG and Gustov.
Recoilless Rifle:
Supplied by West during soviet invasion,RR's like....
SPG-9 73 mm there are many images of this weapon in theater as well. It has a range of 1000-1300 meters and can fire anti tank or anti personnel rounds.
B-10 82 mm fires a larger warhead with a maximum aimed ranged of 1000 meters and maximum range of 4500 m.
Mortars:
Are more effective than the same caliber of artillery shell due to a higher busting charge because the round does not have to be fired down a rifled barrel.
Russian/Chinese/Pakistani: 82 MM Mortar: Range 4100 m max can fire up to 30 rounds per minute. Casualty radius 30m for troops in the open 18 meters for troops on the ground.
Heavy Machine Guns: Have been used for fixed defenses, prepared ambushes, and attacks on bases. As their name implies these things are heavy and take a lot of manpower to set up and keep the weapon fed.These weapons can defeat the armor of a humvee and the KPV can penetrate a Stryker and Bradley if they are not up armored.
HMG's like DsHk 12.7,Type 54HMG,KPV 14mm,ZPU,ZU 23-2 and Oerlikon 20mm are used in Ambushes and fixed defence.
LMG's: PKM,FN Mag and RPK's are primary Light Machine guns carried by Talibs from time of soviet union.
Sniper rifles:
SVD's,Mosin Nagant and .303.
Grenades: This is a mixed bag from all over the world,this includes
F1,M67,Type 1 Grenade,M26,Mill Bombs.
2018: 17 years after US invasion of Afghanistan,
Talibs can be seen with weapons like M16,M4,M9,SCAR H/L,Gustov,FN MAG,M2's etc,Today they have been fielding NVG'S,TV'S and sophisticted Devices.
All Of above weapons are pretty simple and almost one can operate them with little training.
Other then IED's which are made by Professionals.l,none of these weapons requires Graduates to operate.
If that were the case the alleged Mujahideen would have overwhelmed Indian army in Kashmir by now.
Indian Army wouldn't be able to hold if kashmiris have complex IED's,Robust weapons like Talibans and Tough Training above all and unlimited logistics support.