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One woman reports a rape every 15 minutes in India

Probably a lot more than that because victims are too afraid or distressed to report.
 


Hathras gangrape: Yogi Adityanath forms SIT, fast-track court to hear case
Hathras gangrape: Yogi Adityanath said, "Prime Minister Narendra Modi spoke to me over Hathras incident, he said that strictest of action be taken against the culprits."
By: Express Web Desk | New Delhi | Updated: September 30, 2020 10:56:09 am
Hathras gangrape, Yogi Adityanath, Uttar Pradesh, Hathras gangrape investigation, SIT to investigate Hathras gangrape, UP CM directs for Hathras probe, India news, Indian express


UP Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath Wednesday constituted a three-member Special Investigation Team (SIT) to investigate the Hathras gangrape. (File)
A day after the 19-year-old Dalit woman, who was raped and murdered allegedly by four upper caste men in Uttar Pradesh’s Hathras, died at Delhi’s Safdarjung hospital, Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath Wednesday constituted a three-member Special Investigation Team (SIT) to investigate the crime. Adityanath has asked the team to submit a report within seven days and said a fast-track court will begin hearing the case.
“Culprits of Hathras gangrape incident will not be spared. An SIT has been formed to investigate the incident, the team will submit a report within next 7 days. To ensure swift justice, this case will be tried in a fast-track court,” ANI quoted Yogi as saying.
The chief minister also said that PM Modi has asked for the strictest action against the culprits. “Prime Minister Narendra Modi spoke to me over Hathras incident, he said that strictest of action be taken against the culprits,” he added.

The woman succumbed to her injuries two weeks after she was attacked while helping her mother in the fields. The body of the victim was cremated a little after 3 am Wednesday — with her family saying police had forcibly performed the last rites late at night even though they wanted to bring her body home one last time. “It appears that my sister has been cremated; the police are not telling us anything. We begged them to let us bring her body inside the house one last time, but they didn’t listen to us,” the woman’s brother told The Indian Express at 3.30 am Wednesday.

The victim was initially admitted to a district hospital 15 days ago with her tongue cut off and spinal cord severely injured, among other serious injuries. She was later shifted to Aligarh hospital for treatment, before moving to Safdarjung Hospital in the national capital. The police said the victim had been dragged into a field and gangraped. She had also been strangled with her dupatta.
Four upper caste men of the woman’s village in Hathras district, who were charged with gangrape and attempt to murder, apart from charges under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, have been arrested.
They were arrested based on a statement provided by the victim on September 23, when she briefly regained consciousness. She had accused three men – Sandeep, his uncle Ravi (35) and their friend Luv Kush, of committing the crime.

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Rape and killing of Dalit woman shocks India, draws outrage
AFPUpdated 30 Sep 2020
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Police personnel sit in a vehicle after detaining protestors during a demonstration outside the Uttar Pradesh Bhawan (state house) in New Delhi on Sept 30, 2020, a day after a 19-year-old woman who was allegedly gang-raped died from her injuries near Bool Garhi village in the UP state. — AFP

Police personnel sit in a vehicle after detaining protestors during a demonstration outside the Uttar Pradesh Bhawan (state house) in New Delhi on Sept 30, 2020, a day after a 19-year-old woman who was allegedly gang-raped died from her injuries near Bool Garhi village in the UP state. — AFP



The gang rape and death of a woman from the lowest rung of India’s caste system sparked outrage across the country on Wednesday, with several politicians and activists demanding justice and protesters rallying in the streets.

The attack of the 19-year-old is the latest gruesome case of sexual violence against women to rile India, where reports of rape are hauntingly familiar.
The teenager from India's marginalised Dalit community suffered serious injuries in a brutal sexual attack two weeks ago, according to her family and police, and died at a New Delhi hospital on Tuesday.
The case has sparked widespread anger across India that was further fuelled on Wednesday by accusations that police seized the woman's body and cremated it against the wishes of her family.
ARTICLE CONTINUES AFTER AD

On Tuesday night, clashes between police and protesters appalled by the killing erupted outside the hospital, before a large group of officers escorted the hearse back to her native village in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh.
Her family told local media that the corpse was seized by police upon its arrival at the village in Hathras district, despite resistance from relatives and villagers, and was cremated in the middle of the night.
Police did not offer an explanation but multiple relatives protested against the 3am cremation, saying they wanted the body to lie at the family home for a time so absent loved ones could return to pay their respects.
“We begged them to let us bring her body inside the house one last time, but they didn't listen to us,” the woman's brother was quoted as saying by the Indian Express daily.
Hathras police then ordered that the cremation go ahead and family members were forced to join, relatives told local media.
“Her mother kept asking the police to allow her to see her face one last time. Do those officers not have daughters? Why did they not understand our wish to see her one last time before we bid her farewell?” questioned the woman's aunt, according to The Wire.
Police chief Vikrant Vir denied the allegations, saying the cremation took place with the consent of the family.
“The police provided the firewood and helped the family in the cremation. Most of the family members were present at the cremation. We did not want any outsider to create law and order disturbances,” Vir told AFP.
On September 14, the victim was found lying in a pool of blood and was paralysed from injuries to her neck and spine after she went missing while heading to fields in the village.
The tragedy has sparked uproar and lit up social media in India, with politicians, Bollywood personalities, cricket stars and women's rights activists condemning the attack.
On Tuesday, hundreds of people including the victim's relatives gathered outside the Delhi hospital to protest against the attack before authorities deployed riot police forcing them to disperse.
Officers detained Chandrashekhar Azad, a Dalit politician, as he led demonstrators demanding the death penalty for the accused men.
Another protest was due to take place in Delhi on Wednesday as well as in Uttar Pradesh's capital Lucknow.
Police said the suspected four men, all from an upper caste, have been arrested.
Uttar Pradesh’s chief minister, Yogi Adityanath, on Wednesday ordered a special investigation team to handle the case and said it will be tried in a fast-track court.
Dalits — formerly known as “untouchables” and at the bottom of India’s unforgiving Hindu caste hierarchy — are victims of thousands of attacks each year. According to human rights organisations, Dalit women are particularly vulnerable to caste-based discrimination and sexual violence.
Last month, a 13-year-old Dalit girl was raped and killed in Uttar Pradesh. In December last year, a 23-year-old Dalit woman in the same state died after being set ablaze by a gang of men as she made her way to court to press rape charges. Both cases are pending in court.
The latest assault comes months after four men were hanged for the brutal gang rape and murder of a student on a bus in Delhi in 2012 — a case that came to symbolise the nation's problem with sexual violence.
Women in India continue to be subjected to alarming levels of sexual abuse. An average of 87 rape cases were reported every day last year, according to the latest data released on Tuesday by the National Crime Records Bureau, but large numbers are thought to go unreported.
The bureau reported an increase of more than seven per cent in the number of crimes against women in 2019 compared to the previous year.
Protests
In New Delhi, police detained several female activists after they tried to march in the street shouting slogans against Adityanath and Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The demonstrators carried placards that read, “Stop rape culture.”
Maimoona Mullah of the All India Democratic Women’s Association said Uttar Pradesh, which is ruled by Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party and ranks as the most unsafe state for women in the country, had become the “rape state of India.”
“We do not accept rape culture in the name of new India,” Mullah said.
Earlier on Tuesday, hundreds of protesters from the Bhim Army, a party championing the rights of Dalits, thronged the hospital premises in New Delhi and jostled with police. Party leader Chandra Shekhar Aazad urged Dalits across the country to flood the streets to demand that the perpetrators be hanged.
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
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Read more
Outrage in India as low-caste teen dies after gang rape
Outrage in India as low-caste teen dies after gang rape
Rape of 86-year-old grandmother shocks India
Rape of 86-year-old grandmother shocks India
7 years after Delhi gang rape, brutal India attacks continue
7 years after Delhi gang rape, brutal India attacks continue
 


Hathras case: A woman repeatedly reported rape. Why are police denying it?
Published1 day ago
Priyanka Gandhi Vadra with the victim's mother

image captionThe woman was found by her mother (pictured) after the two had gone to cut grass
Late last month, a 19-year-old woman died in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh after reporting she'd been gang raped and and brutally assaulted. The evidence backs up her story, so why do officials keep insisting she wasn't raped? The BBC's Geeta Pandey reports from Hathras.
The injured teenager was brought to the Chandpa police station in Hathras district by her parents and her brother. In a 48-second video filmed at the scene and shown to the BBC, she can be seen lying on a cement platform while she is questioned by a policeman off camera.
There appear to be bruises on her neck, face and hand, and she seems to be in tremendous pain. She speaks with difficulty because, it would later emerge, she has a big gash on her tongue.
She tells the policeman her attacker tried to strangle her and the policeman asks her why. "Because I wasn't letting him do zabardasti," she says.
Zabardasti is an Urdu word that literally translates into "coercion" or "force" and is used by women especially in parts of rural India as slang for rape.
"Women who are not gender sensitised or bold enough to use the word rape often call it 'ganda kaam' [dirty work] or zabardasti," said Shabnam Hashmi, a women's rights activist who visited the family earlier this week.
The 19-year-old is seen repeating the same sentence in a second video that was recorded just hours later, when she was taken to the district hospital in Hathras. In the second video, she even names an upper-caste neighbour as the perpetrator.
The victim was a Dalit - men and women formerly known as "untouchables" who languish at the bottom of India's harsh caste hierarchy. On average 10 Dalit women were raped every day in India last year, according to official figures, and Uttar Pradesh has the highest number of cases of violence against women of any state.
The millet field - the scene of the crime
IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES
image captionThe millet field - the scene of the crime
The young woman in Hathras - who cannot be named - was found in a field of tall millet crops by her mother. They had gone to cut grass for cattle fodder.
"She was lying on the ground, battered and bruised, barely conscious and naked from the waist downwards," her mother told me at her home in Bhulgarhi village in Hathras, sobbing into her veil. "She was bleeding, she couldn't move her neck, her arms and legs were lifeless, she was vomiting blood."
But neither of the young woman's two allegations of rape, made within hours of being attacked, were entered into police records.
"There were very serious lapses on the part of the police," said SR Darapuri, a former police officer and now vice-president of the People's Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) in Uttar Pradesh.
"The police did not write a complaint - they instead asked her brother to do it. They did not include what the victim told them. They didn't even call an ambulance to take her to hospital, even though she was in a precarious condition," he said.
The state government has suspended Hathras superintendent of police Vikrant Vir for "negligence and lax supervision". Four other policemen, including the one who is heard on the video interviewing the victim at Chandpa police station, were also suspended. Superintendent Vir denied any any wrongdoing.
For two weeks, the 19-year-old fought for her life. But on the morning of 29 September she died in the Delhi hospital to which she had been transferred, from injuries sustained during the attack. Her autopsy report has not been released.
The case made headlines only after police and administration officials cremated her body in the middle of the night on 29 September - a move the family say was made without their consent and which has raised suspicion.
Since her death, the state government has insisted that she was not raped at all. In a series of off-the-record conversations, officials tried to deny or downplay the rape allegation. And reports in the Indian press said the state hired the services of a PR firm to press its denial.
A senior police official, Additional Director General Prashant Kumar, said last week that the woman's family had not mentioned rape in the initial complaint, and cited a forensic report which said no semen was found in her viscera sample - a claim rebutted by experts who point out that an absence of semen in this sample does not rule out rape.
Doctors at the Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Hospital (JNMCH) in Aligarh, where she was treated for two weeks, pointed out that the forensic report was based on samples taken 11 days after the attack. Protocol says any evidence gathered beyond four days after a rape is useless.
A protest against the Hathras assault
IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES
image captionProtesters have called for Dalit rights after the assault
Police have since claimed that the young woman did not allege rape until 22 September, nine days after she was assaulted. But it is clear from the video footage that she says twice within hours of the attack "zabardasti" - another word for rape.
A report by the hospital's gynaecologist, who interviewed and examined the teenager, confirmed "use of force". I have seen a leaked copy of the report - it says she confirmed to the doctors that there had been "complete vaginal penetration with penis".
"On the basis of local examination, I am of the opinion that there are signs of use of force," the gynaecologist wrote. The report deferred confirming penetrative intercourse until a forensic report had been completed.
Then, there are the victim's own words. On 22 September, as her condition turned critical, the hospital called a magistrate and she made what is known as a "dying declaration".
These declarations carry weight in court. "Rapes happen at isolated places and there are rarely any witnesses so courts generally take a victim's dying declaration at face value," Mr Darapuri said. "It is generally enough for conviction, unless contradicted by other evidence."
According to a copy of the declaration submitted in court, and an interview with a health official who was present in the room, the 19-year-old told the magistrate she had been gang raped and strangled and she named four of her neighbours as the perpetrators. All four have since been arrested and all deny the allegation.
A rally by Thakurs in Hathras in support of the rape accused
IMAGE COPYRIGHTABHISHEK MATHUR/BBC
image captionLarge rallies have been held in support of the accused, attended by their relatives
In Hathras, only a narrow lane separates the houses of the victim and the accused. But their lives are divided by a caste hierarchy as rigid as it is old. She belonged to the Valmiki community, the lowest rung of the Hindu caste order; the four accused men are Thakurs, an upper-caste warrior community. The crime has only deepened the divide.
Under a tree behind their home, I found relatives of some of the arrested men. "We also want to know the truth," Sunder Pal, brother of one of the accused, said. "She should get justice. But my brother and other accused are also innocent and they should also get justice."
Hariom Kumar, brother of another accused, insisted his brother was away at his workplace at the time of the alleged attack.
Other Thakur men chipped in, accusing the victims's family of lying. "It's all rumour," said Kumar. "There was no rape."
It is not a surprise that the families of the accused would deny sexual assault. Laws passed in the aftermath of a vicious gang rape and murder of a young woman on a bus in Delhi in 2012 permit the death penalty for cases of rape with murder.
And state governments have potential political motivations to play down rape figures as well, said Mr Darapuri, the civil liberties activist and former police officer.
"Rape and atrocities against Dalits become political issues in elections so all governments try to keep these figures low," he said. "Village council elections and assembly elections are all due in the state in the next 18 months and the government does not want to give a handle to the opposition."
protesters burn an effigy of UP chief minister Yogi Adityanath over the Hathras rape case
IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES
In the wake of the death of the young woman in Hathras, protesters flooded the streets. Police were heavily criticised for cracking down on the protesters. Many were beaten with sticks in an attempt to stop them from visiting the victim's family. Opposition leaders who had joined were shoved around.
Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, one of India's most controversial right-wing politicians, who is also a Thakur, is facing criticism for his government's handling of the case. Some of his party colleagues have held large rallies in support of the accused men attended by their relatives. Mr Adityanath, who has accused the opposition of "doing politics over the dead bodies of the poor", has not visited the victim's family.
On Tuesday, state authorities claimed to the Supreme Court that there was an "international plot" to cause caste and religious riots in Uttar Pradesh and topple Mr Adityanath's government.
The victim's mother
IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES
image captionThe young woman's mother working at home earlier this week
Lost amid all the political din is the desperation and grief of a family in Hathras. At their home in Bhulgarhi village, well-meaning journalists ask the young woman's father to reply to allegations from the Thakurs that their daughter was in a consensual relationship with the main accused.
They ask him if he opposes the state's decision to hand over the investigation to the federal police; would he submit to a lie-detector test as being demanded by the accused; how much compensation has he received?
"I just want justice I don't want money," he told me. "I'm a daily-wage labourer. I earn 200 rupees [$3; £2] a day, I can live on 50 rupees. But I just want justice."
I asked her brother if he thought justice would come. "We have no faith any more," he said. "We'll believe it if it happens."
Presentational grey line

Read more on our coverage of the Hathras rape case:

media captionDelhi Nirbhaya rape death penalty: How the case galvanised India
Presentational grey line

Related Topics
More on this story
 


Hathras case: A woman repeatedly reported rape. Why are police denying it?
Published1 day ago
Priyanka Gandhi Vadra with the victim's mother's mother

image captionThe woman was found by her mother (pictured) after the two had gone to cut grass
Late last month, a 19-year-old woman died in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh after reporting she'd been gang raped and and brutally assaulted. The evidence backs up her story, so why do officials keep insisting she wasn't raped? The BBC's Geeta Pandey reports from Hathras.
The injured teenager was brought to the Chandpa police station in Hathras district by her parents and her brother. In a 48-second video filmed at the scene and shown to the BBC, she can be seen lying on a cement platform while she is questioned by a policeman off camera.
There appear to be bruises on her neck, face and hand, and she seems to be in tremendous pain. She speaks with difficulty because, it would later emerge, she has a big gash on her tongue.
She tells the policeman her attacker tried to strangle her and the policeman asks her why. "Because I wasn't letting him do zabardasti," she says.
Zabardasti is an Urdu word that literally translates into "coercion" or "force" and is used by women especially in parts of rural India as slang for rape.
"Women who are not gender sensitised or bold enough to use the word rape often call it 'ganda kaam' [dirty work] or zabardasti," said Shabnam Hashmi, a women's rights activist who visited the family earlier this week.
The 19-year-old is seen repeating the same sentence in a second video that was recorded just hours later, when she was taken to the district hospital in Hathras. In the second video, she even names an upper-caste neighbour as the perpetrator.
The victim was a Dalit - men and women formerly known as "untouchables" who languish at the bottom of India's harsh caste hierarchy. On average 10 Dalit women were raped every day in India last year, according to official figures, and Uttar Pradesh has the highest number of cases of violence against women of any state.
The millet field - the scene of the crime
IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES
image captionThe millet field - the scene of the crime
The young woman in Hathras - who cannot be named - was found in a field of tall millet crops by her mother. They had gone to cut grass for cattle fodder.
"She was lying on the ground, battered and bruised, barely conscious and naked from the waist downwards," her mother told me at her home in Bhulgarhi village in Hathras, sobbing into her veil. "She was bleeding, she couldn't move her neck, her arms and legs were lifeless, she was vomiting blood."
But neither of the young woman's two allegations of rape, made within hours of being attacked, were entered into police records.
"There were very serious lapses on the part of the police," said SR Darapuri, a former police officer and now vice-president of the People's Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) in Uttar Pradesh.
"The police did not write a complaint - they instead asked her brother to do it. They did not include what the victim told them. They didn't even call an ambulance to take her to hospital, even though she was in a precarious condition," he said.
The state government has suspended Hathras superintendent of police Vikrant Vir for "negligence and lax supervision". Four other policemen, including the one who is heard on the video interviewing the victim at Chandpa police station, were also suspended. Superintendent Vir denied any any wrongdoing.
For two weeks, the 19-year-old fought for her life. But on the morning of 29 September she died in the Delhi hospital to which she had been transferred, from injuries sustained during the attack. Her autopsy report has not been released.
The case made headlines only after police and administration officials cremated her body in the middle of the night on 29 September - a move the family say was made without their consent and which has raised suspicion.
Since her death, the state government has insisted that she was not raped at all. In a series of off-the-record conversations, officials tried to deny or downplay the rape allegation. And reports in the Indian press said the state hired the services of a PR firm to press its denial.
A senior police official, Additional Director General Prashant Kumar, said last week that the woman's family had not mentioned rape in the initial complaint, and cited a forensic report which said no semen was found in her viscera sample - a claim rebutted by experts who point out that an absence of semen in this sample does not rule out rape.
Doctors at the Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Hospital (JNMCH) in Aligarh, where she was treated for two weeks, pointed out that the forensic report was based on samples taken 11 days after the attack. Protocol says any evidence gathered beyond four days after a rape is useless.
A protest against the Hathras assault
IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES
image captionProtesters have called for Dalit rights after the assault
Police have since claimed that the young woman did not allege rape until 22 September, nine days after she was assaulted. But it is clear from the video footage that she says twice within hours of the attack "zabardasti" - another word for rape.
A report by the hospital's gynaecologist, who interviewed and examined the teenager, confirmed "use of force". I have seen a leaked copy of the report - it says she confirmed to the doctors that there had been "complete vaginal penetration with penis".
"On the basis of local examination, I am of the opinion that there are signs of use of force," the gynaecologist wrote. The report deferred confirming penetrative intercourse until a forensic report had been completed.
Then, there are the victim's own words. On 22 September, as her condition turned critical, the hospital called a magistrate and she made what is known as a "dying declaration".
These declarations carry weight in court. "Rapes happen at isolated places and there are rarely any witnesses so courts generally take a victim's dying declaration at face value," Mr Darapuri said. "It is generally enough for conviction, unless contradicted by other evidence."
According to a copy of the declaration submitted in court, and an interview with a health official who was present in the room, the 19-year-old told the magistrate she had been gang raped and strangled and she named four of her neighbours as the perpetrators. All four have since been arrested and all deny the allegation.
A rally by Thakurs in Hathras in support of the rape accused
IMAGE COPYRIGHTABHISHEK MATHUR/BBC
image captionLarge rallies have been held in support of the accused, attended by their relatives
In Hathras, only a narrow lane separates the houses of the victim and the accused. But their lives are divided by a caste hierarchy as rigid as it is old. She belonged to the Valmiki community, the lowest rung of the Hindu caste order; the four accused men are Thakurs, an upper-caste warrior community. The crime has only deepened the divide.
Under a tree behind their home, I found relatives of some of the arrested men. "We also want to know the truth," Sunder Pal, brother of one of the accused, said. "She should get justice. But my brother and other accused are also innocent and they should also get justice."
Hariom Kumar, brother of another accused, insisted his brother was away at his workplace at the time of the alleged attack.
Other Thakur men chipped in, accusing the victims's family of lying. "It's all rumour," said Kumar. "There was no rape."
It is not a surprise that the families of the accused would deny sexual assault. Laws passed in the aftermath of a vicious gang rape and murder of a young woman on a bus in Delhi in 2012 permit the death penalty for cases of rape with murder.
And state governments have potential political motivations to play down rape figures as well, said Mr Darapuri, the civil liberties activist and former police officer.
"Rape and atrocities against Dalits become political issues in elections so all governments try to keep these figures low," he said. "Village council elections and assembly elections are all due in the state in the next 18 months and the government does not want to give a handle to the opposition."
protesters burn an effigy of UP chief minister Yogi Adityanath over the Hathras rape case
IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES
In the wake of the death of the young woman in Hathras, protesters flooded the streets. Police were heavily criticised for cracking down on the protesters. Many were beaten with sticks in an attempt to stop them from visiting the victim's family. Opposition leaders who had joined were shoved around.
Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, one of India's most controversial right-wing politicians, who is also a Thakur, is facing criticism for his government's handling of the case. Some of his party colleagues have held large rallies in support of the accused men attended by their relatives. Mr Adityanath, who has accused the opposition of "doing politics over the dead bodies of the poor", has not visited the victim's family.
On Tuesday, state authorities claimed to the Supreme Court that there was an "international plot" to cause caste and religious riots in Uttar Pradesh and topple Mr Adityanath's government.
The victim's mother's mother
IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES
image captionThe young woman's mother working at home earlier this week
Lost amid all the political din is the desperation and grief of a family in Hathras. At their home in Bhulgarhi village, well-meaning journalists ask the young woman's father to reply to allegations from the Thakurs that their daughter was in a consensual relationship with the main accused.
They ask him if he opposes the state's decision to hand over the investigation to the federal police; would he submit to a lie-detector test as being demanded by the accused; how much compensation has he received?
"I just want justice I don't want money," he told me. "I'm a daily-wage labourer. I earn 200 rupees [$3; £2] a day, I can live on 50 rupees. But I just want justice."
I asked her brother if he thought justice would come. "We have no faith any more," he said. "We'll believe it if it happens."
Presentational grey line

Read more on our coverage of the Hathras rape case:

media captionDelhi Nirbhaya rape death penalty: How the case galvanised India
Presentational grey line

Related Topics
More on this story

Did these disgusting Indians hold rallies to support the rapist? I can guarantee you they did.
 



Hathras case: A fatal assault, a cremation and no goodbye
By Geeta Pandey
BBC News, Hathras, Uttar Pradesh
Published3 days ago
The 19-year-old's family at their home
IMAGE COPYRIGHTABHISHEK MATHUR/BBC
image captionThe 19-year-old's family are still trying to come to terms with their loss
On the last day of September, India woke up to the disturbing news that authorities had forcibly cremated the body of a 19-year-old Dalit (formerly untouchable) woman who had alleged gang rape and died a day earlier.
The news caused global outrage, leading to accusations that the young woman - who was allegedly raped by four upper-caste men and had fought for her life for two weeks - was treated as shabbily in death as in life.
The police in Hathras district in Uttar Pradesh state, where the attack took place, said the family had consented to her cremation.
But her family and local journalists, who were present in the village when her funeral pyre was lit at around 2:30am, have contested the claim in interviews with the BBC.
I travelled to Bhulgarhi village in Hathras district to find out what exactly happened on the night of 29 September.
What emerges is a story of an unequal balance of power between the might of the state and some of its most disadvantaged citizens, officials' disregard for protocol, and their seeming unconcern for a grieving family trying to come to terms with a tragedy.
Where's the body?
"My sister died at 6:55am on Tuesday [29 September] in Delhi's Safdarjung hospital. Around 9am, they asked us to sign some papers so the body could be taken for a post-mortem," says the victim's younger brother.
"That was the last time we saw her body," he adds as we sit chatting on the floor, our backs to the wall in the outer area of his home. The courtyard is overrun with dozens of journalists and politicians of all hues, who are visiting the family one by one to offer condolences.
The victim's brother, his father and two other male relatives had accompanied the victim when she was moved a day before her death to Delhi from the hospital in Aligarh city where she had been treated since 14 September - the day she was attacked.
A few hours after her death, when they went to the forensic department to check when they could collect the body, he says they received conflicting replies from the policemen and officials.
"One said the body had already been released, another said it had reached Noida [a town on the Delhi-Uttar Pradesh border], yet another said it was in Hathras.
"I asked them how can you take the body without our permission?"
The victim's sister-in-law

image captionThe victim's sister-in-law says she wants to see the attackers hanged
Soon, their relatives arrived and began a protest outside the hospital, demanding the body be handed over to them. They were joined by activists of the Bhim Army, a party that fights for the rights of Dalits who are at the bottom of the unforgiving Hindu caste hierarchy.
Back in the village, the family had already begun mourning.
"They called in the morning to say she had died," says the victim's sister-in-law. "They were crying on the phone. Everyone began crying here too.
"We asked when will you bring the body home?"
The drive back to the village
At around 9:30pm, the dead teenager's brother says the police forced him into a black SUV along with his father and began driving them back to their village 200km (125 miles) away.
"On the way, our car was stopped and senior police and administration officials came to talk to us. Among them was Hathras district magistrate Praveen Kumar Laxkar who told us that we would be taken directly to the cremation ground."
He says they had no idea where the body was or what time the ambulance carrying it had left the hospital.
Hathras superintendent of police Vikrant Vir told my BBC Hindi colleague Dilnawaz Pasha last week that the post-mortem was completed by 1pm.
Police outside the victim's home
IMAGE COPYRIGHTABHISHEK MATHUR/BBC
image captionHundreds of police are still deployed in the village and outside the victim's home
"But for some reason her body couldn't be brought back immediately. It was late night by the time the body arrived in the village. Her father and brother had travelled with the body."
Last Friday, the state government suspended Mr Vir for "negligence and lax supervision". Four other policemen were removed too. Calls have also been growing to remove the district magistrate, Mr Laxkar.
Preparations for funeral
While the family was waiting for the body to arrive, police and administration officials had already begun preparations for a late-night funeral.
"They had brought in a generator, lights were installed, logs and fuel were brought in," the teenager's sister-in-law says.
Journalists present in the village say barricades were erected on the roads leading to the family home and the dirt track that led to a small patch of the field where the funeral was to happen.
A white ambulance carrying the body arrived in the village at around midnight.
The ambulance with the teenager's body
IMAGE COPYRIGHTABHISHEK MATHUR / BBC
image captionThe teenager's family say the officials made preparations for a late-night funeral without their consent
"Besides the driver, there was a policeman and a policewoman in the ambulance. There was no family member in it," says the victim's aunt.
"It was parked nearby for an hour. We asked them to let us at least see her face," she tells me, tears streaming down her face.
The black SUV, carrying the victim's bother and father, reached the village at around 1am and was driven straight to the cremation ground.
Attempts to claim the body
"Hindus don't cremate at night," the brother says. "I told them we can't have the cremation without rituals and in the absence of our family. When we went home, we heard that the ambulance carrying her body had already arrived in the village."
Officials followed them home and tried to persuade them to go and light the pyre.
"The women of the family fell at their feet, begging them to hand over the body so they could perform the rituals. But they were unmoved," he says.
Videos shared widely on news TV channels and social media show the dead woman's female relatives making several attempts to claim her body.
The victim's aunt consoles the 19-year-old's mother

image captionThe 19-year-old's aunt consoles her mother who still can't talk about her daughter without dissolving into tears
In one video, her mother is seen weeping with her head on the bonnet of the car. In another, she's sitting on the road in front of the ambulance, wailing and beating her chest.
She's heard repeatedly pleading with officials to hand over the body to her so she could take it home one last time - and perform some rituals.
"We wanted to put turmeric and sandalwood paste on her arms and legs, dress her in new clothes, adorn her with flowers. She wouldn't have seen it, but by doing the rituals we would have been able to say a proper farewell to her," says the teenager's sister-in-law, fighting back tears.
Her aunt shows me bruises on her elbows, "They flung us aside and drove away with the body. Many of us fell down. I fell into a field."
The funeral pyre is lit
Even though the family had refused to cremate the body, the 19-year-old was still consigned to flames that night.
"We didn't want them to take us forcibly and light her pyre so we locked ourselves in," says the young woman's brother. "We had no idea what was happening outside."
Local journalists, who witnessed the cremation from a distance, said the funeral pyre was lit around 2:30am.
The police formed a human chain to keep the villagers and journalists from getting close.
"Why did the police cremate her? Was hers an unclaimed body?" her mother asks. "I carried her in my womb for nine months. Do I not have the right to see her face one last time? Do I not have the right to grieve? Do I not feel pain?"
Protesters burn an effigy of Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath
IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES
image captionProtesters burn an effigy of Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath
The hasty cremation has caused outrage in India and abroad. Opposition parties have called it "a gross violation of human rights", "illegal" and "immoral". Protests have been held across India and by Indians in several American cities. The UN, too, has weighed in, expressing "profound sadness and concern at the continuing cases of sexual violence against women and girls in India".
On Tuesday, the Uttar Pradesh government told the Supreme Court that they had cremated the body at night due to "extraordinary circumstances and a sequence of unlawful incidents".
They said there was an "international plot" to cause caste and religious riots in the state and topple the government of Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, one of India's most controversial right-wing politicians.
They also claimed that the victim's family was present for the cremation and had "agreed to attend to avoid further violence".
Earlier, too, the police in Hathras had shared a video showing three men throwing wood into the pyre as it burned.
But the family told the BBC that those in the video were neighbours and distant relatives and the authorities were trying to pass them off as immediate family.
A pile of ash
Three days later, anti-rape activist Yogita Bhayana visited the family and persuaded a relative of the 19-year-old to visit the site and collect her remains.
"I'm picking them up because in case these are really my sister's remains, they won't be defiled by stray dogs," he told a news channel. "She had to go through a lot of torture while alive. I want to ensure it doesn't happen to her in death."
The site of the cremation
IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES
image captionAll that remains of the young woman is ash
A week after her funeral pyre lit up a dark night in Bhulgarhi village, I visited the tiny patch of farmland where the 19-year-old was cremated.
All that remains of the pretty teenager with a shy smile and long dark hair is a rectangular pile of ash.
And her family's hope for justice.
"I want to see all of them hanged," says her sister-in-law. "I am waiting for that day. She used to live with me 24 hours a day. I can't get her face out of my mind."
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Read more on our coverage of the Hathras rape case:
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Mum 'gang-raped by 7 men after they murdered five-year-old son in front of her'
The dad of the victim claims her young son was strangled by the men as she watched before they took it in turns to rape her in Buxar, India, on Saturday


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The 28-year-old woman was gang-raped in India (stock image) (Image: Getty Images)

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A mum was gang-raped by seven men after they murdered her five-year-old son in front of her, it has been claimed.
The young boy was allegedly strangled by the men before the horrifying sex attack in Buxar, India, on Saturday.

Police were told about the incident after the father of the victim, who is in her 20s, filed a First Information Report against two known and five unknown alleged assailants.
Police officer Manoj Kumar Pathak from Murar police station said: “As per the FIR, the woman had gone to a bank along with her son for some work, but didn’t return home on time.
“Her family members finally found her near a pond at around 3am on Sunday.

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The victim's family found her near a pond in the village (stock image) (Image: Getty Images)READ MORE
“The body of the woman’s son was fished out from the pond.”

The woman's dad also said his grandchild had been killed in front of his mum.
According to local reports, the victim is in hospital in a stable condition.
Buxar superintendent Neeraj Kumar Singh said they have arrested a 50-year-old man and they are looking for a second suspect who is reportedly evading arrest.
 
instead of accept the failour and solve this huge human crisis indian are here making fun like where is that women...
truly sick society.
 

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