During the
Second World War (1939–45) Stalin had urged Mao into a joint, anti-Japanese coalition with Chiang. After the war, Stalin advised Mao against seizing power, and to negotiate with Chiang, because Stalin had signed a Treaty of Friendship and Alliance with the Nationalists in mid-1945; Mao followed Stalin's lead, calling him
"the only leader of our party".
Chiang opposed the USSR's accession of
Tannu Uriankhai, a former Qing Empire province; Stalin broke the treaty requiring Soviet withdrawal from Manchuria three months after Japan's surrender, and gave Manchuria to Mao. Soon afterwards, a two-month
Moscow visit by Mao culminated in the
Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance (1950), which comprised a $300 million low-interest loan and a 30-year military alliance.
Yang Kuisong, a Chinese
historian, said that in 1945-46, during the Soviet
Red Army occupation of
Manchuria, Stalin commanded the USSR Red Army general
Rodion Malinovsky to give
Mao Zedong weaponry that had been
spoils of war from the
Imperial Japanese forces.
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Sino-Soviet split - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia