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The
Indian Army, central reserve police force, border security personnel and various separatist
militant groups
[1][2] have been accused and held accountable for committing severe human rights abuses against
Kashmiri civilians.
[3][4][5]
2 Army Personnel, 5 Terrorists Killed In Gunbattle In Kupwara
Jammu And Kashmir Encounter: Army Pays Tribute To Capt Tushar Mahajan
Just to tell you that Indian Army is all in there.
Indian Armed Forces[edit]
Thousands of Kashmiris have reported to be killed by Indian security forces in custody, extradjudicial executions and enforced disappearances and these human right violations are said to be carried out by Indian security forces under total impunity.
[26][27] Civilians including women and children have been killed in "reprisal" attacks by Indian security forces. International NGO's as well as the US State Department have documented human rights abuses including disappearances, torture and arbitrary executions carried out during India's counter terrorism operations
[19] United Nations has expressed serious concerns over large number of killings by Indian security forces.
[28] Human Rights groups have also accused the Indian security forces of using
child soldiers,
[29][note 1] although the Indian government denies this allegation.
[5] Torture, widely used by Indian security, the severity described as beyond comprehension by amnesty international has been responsible for the huge number of deaths in custody
[30] The Telegraph, citing a WikiLeaks report quotes the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) that Indian security forces were physically abusing detainees by beatings, electrocutions and sexual interference. These detainees weren't Islamic insurgents or Pakistani-backed insurgents but civilians, in contrast to India's continual allegations of Pakistani involvement. The detainees were "connected to or believed to have information about the insurgents". According to ICRC, 681 of the 1296 detainees whom it interviewed claimed torture. US officials have been quoted reporting "terrorism investigations and court cases tend to rely upon confessions, many of which are obtained under duress if not beatings, threats, or in some cases torture."
[31] Amnesty International accused security forces of exploiting the
Armed Forces Special Powers Act that enables them to "hold prisoners without trial". The group argues that the law, which allows security to detain individuals for as many as two years "without presenting charges, violating prisoners’ human rights".
[32]
Indian Army[edit]
The soldiers of the 4th
Rajputana Rifles of the
Indian Army on 23 February 1991 launched a search operation in a village
Kunan Poshpora, in the
Kupwara district of Jammu and Kashmir and allegedly gang raped 53 women of all ages.
[33] Later on an interview of victims and eyewitnesses was documented into a short film
Ocean of Tears which was prevented from its broadcast.
[34][35] Nevertheless, the Indian committee that led a thorough investigation concluded that the allegations were "grossly exaggerated" and the incident was "
a massive hoax orchestrated by militant groups and their sympathisers and mentors in Kashmir and abroad as a part of sustained and cleverly contrived strategy of psychological warfare and as an entry point for reinscribing Kashmir on the International Agenda as a Human rights issue."
[36] However, Human Rights organisations including
Human Rights Watch have reported that the number of raped women could be as high as 80 .
[37][38][39]The Indian Army is also accused of many massacres such as
Bomai Killing, 2009,
Gawakadal massacre,
2006 Kulgam massacre,
Zakoora And Tengpora Massacre, 1990,
Sopore massacre. They also didn‘t spared the health care system of the valley. The major hospitals witnessed the crackdowns and army men even entered the operation theatres in search of terrorist patients.
[40]
Border Security Force[edit]
On 22 October 1993, the 13th Battalion of the Border Security Forces was accused of arbitrarily firing on a crowd and killing 37 civilians in
Bijbehara[41][42] The number of reported dead and wounded vary by source.
Amnesty International reported that at least 51 people died and 200 were wounded on that day.
[43]
The Indian government conducted two official enquiries and the
National Human Rights Commission of India (NHRC) conducted a third. In March 1994 the government indicted the Border Security Force (BSF) for firing into the crowd "without provocation" and charged 13 BSF officers with murder.
[41] In another incident which took place at
Handwara on 25 January 1990, 9 protesters were killed by the same unit.
[44]
Central Reserve Police Force[edit]
During the
Amarnath land transfer controversy more than 40 unarmed protesters were killed by the personnels of Central Reserve Police Force.
[45][46] At least 300 were detained under Public Safety Act, including teenagers.
[47] The same practice was again repeated by the personnels of the Central Reserve Police Force, during the
2010 Kashmir Unrest, which resulted in 112 deaths, including many teenager protesters at various incidents.
[48]
Special Operations Group[edit]
The
Special Operations Group was raised in 1994 for counter terrorism. A volunteer force, mainly came for promotions and cash rewards, comprising police officers and policemen from the
Jammu and Kashmir Police.
[49] The group is accused of torture and costodial killings.
[50] A Senior Superintendent of this group and his deputy are among the 11 personnels, who were convicted for a fake encounter, which killed a local carpenter, and was labelled as a millitant to get the promotions and rewards.
[51][52]