‘Early Tamil society was free of caste’
At a time when caste is all pervasive in Tamil society, a new book by V.S. Rajam, former professor of the Pennsylvania University,
said the ideas of caste discrimination and untochability find no reference in Sangam Tamil literature.
“I could not find casteism and untouchability in Sangam literature, but found them only in the commentaries on Silapathikaram by Adiyarkku Nallar and U.Ve. Swaminatha Iyer and Nammazhawar’s Thiruvaimozhi ,” she has said in her forthcoming book
Sanga Ilakkiyangalil Saathi, Theendami, Inna pira (Caste, Untouchability etc., in Sangam Literature).
She contended that Ilango Adigal described the goldsmith as “
vilangu nadai selavin….kollan ” which was vastly different from Adiyarkku Nallar’s rendering of “as he was a man of low caste, he stood aside for the upper caste man”
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-pape...-society-was-free-of-caste/article7262291.ece
During 16th Century AD, Nayak King passed a law ordering people not to have any contact with the Pandian dynasity (in general with Mallas) and prevented the 18 communities that supported the Tamil Kings from having contact with one another and from inter-marriage between these communities.
(This was the origin of Untouchability and modern caste division in Tamilnadu). The Mallars were ex-communicated, then gradually over the next 300 years, their lands were removed and given to other new formed upper castes that were loyal to Telugu Kings.
The Mallars were named as Pallas and were made as agricultural labourers in the land in which they were once owners. Then after a few generations they were made as bonded labourers and then were removed of all basic human rights ( Prevented from having education, access to public places and Temples built by their own ancestors, prohibition from wearing Ornaments and dress on the upper part of the body, shoes etc).
To hide the truth that all Temples built upto 16th Century AD were built by the ancestors of these people, attempts were made to hide Temple Paintings by redrawing new paintings on the old ones (Tanjavur Periya Koyil, Mariamman Koyil). During 1932 when British gave self-autonomy to Indians, 1000s of new castes sprung up claiming superiority on one over the other. Several actions were directed by other communities to keep the Pallas at a low profile for fear of the other communities (new formed higher castes) loosing their claim for high caste and land ownership. In 1957 the Pallar, Devendrakula Vellalar Community was included to the Scheduled Caste by Kamaraj, then Chief minister of Tamilnadu, owing to the poverty of the community
http://www.devendrakulam.org/