Qutb-ud-din Aybak
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now Give this technology to Pakistan to ensure peace in the world.One step closer to clean, endless energy?
Thinking about the Malacca Dilemma
How China’s leading the world in nuclear fusion research
- Thread starter cirr
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cirr
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One step closer to clean, endless energy?
Thinking about the Malacca Dilemma
中国ADS反应堆关键试验首次完成 能用核废料发电
2016-12-24 16:42:22字号：A- A A+来源：观察者网
关键字:核电站ADS嬗变系统(Accelerator-Driven Subcritical(ADS) transmutation system)
【观察者网综合】12月23日，中国核工业集团公司网站发布消息，我国核反应堆零功率装置“启明星II号”实现首次临界。这标志着我国加速器驱动次临界系统（ADS）研究完成又一重大节点。有意思的是，中核集团微博发布消息的时候，配图贴出了“太过先进，无法展示
”的文字，可说是“不明觉厉”的新高度。
太过先进，无法展示……不明觉厉的新高度
中核集团此前展示的一个ADS嬗变系统设施布局示意图……
据了解，这一装置是我国重大科学项目加速器驱动次临界（ADS）嬗变系统的子系统之一，ADS嬗变系统是一种用于处理高放射性核废料的装置，可以让核废料失去放射性，同时发电。该系统是目前国际上核技术最前沿的研究项目，我国是世界上第一个开展ADS嬗变系统大工程项目研制的国家，这一系统对于我国核电发展具有极为重大的意义。
中国科普博览网站展示的加速器子系统画面
报道原文内容如下，请各位试着理解一下：
12月23日，由中核集团中国原子能科学研究院和中国科学院近代物理研究所联合研制的，核反应堆零功率装置“启明星Ⅱ号”实现首次临界。这标志着我国加速器驱动次临界系统（ADS）研究完成又一个重大节点，也标志着我国在核反应堆新一代零功率装置研发领域达到国际先进水平。
加速器驱动的次临界系统——ADS嬗变系统，可以使长寿命高放核废料嬗变为短寿命低放核废料，同时减小体积，对于解决“核废料安全处置”问题具有重要意义，目前国际上尚未有ADS嬗变系统工程化应用的先例，该装置将为ADS嬗变系统工程化研究提供关键实验数据。
该装置是ADS研发第二阶段的重要成果。此前，零功率装置“启明星I号”在国家973项目支持下，于2005年7月在中国原子能科学研究院研制成功,并成为国际原子能机构开展ADS试验研究的基准装置。
ADS嬗变系统示意图
“启明星Ⅱ号”装置创新性地采用水堆和铅堆“双堆芯”结构，是以不同富集度的固体铀棒栅作为核燃料，以水或铅为介质的多功能反应堆物理综合实验研究平台，具有固有安全性、堆芯灵活可变性、操作控制可视性、测量准确性等特点。其中铅基堆芯是我国首座铅基反应堆零功率装置，是我国在铅基重金属冷却快中子反应堆的创新研发方面取得的关键技术突破。（杨阿卓）
观察者网科技评论员表示，《中国科技报》曾发展文章，谈及ADS嬗变系统研制，称“在很多专业人士看来，ADS嬗变系统是一个比‘两弹一星’还要难的项目，没有任何的经验可学习借鉴”。可见这一系统的研制难度之高。
中核集团此前也曾发文介绍ADS系统，文中提到，随着我国核电站数量的增加，核废料处理已经成为不可忽视的难题，目前这些核废料都暂存在核电站自建的硼水池中，硼水可以吸收核废料产生的大部分能量。每个硼水池足以储存核电站10年运行所产生的的乏燃料。
但这种处理方式不能一劳永逸，终究不能保证绝对安全性。
目前国际上许多国家都选择地下深埋方式处理核废料。例如美国在尤卡山建立的储藏库，耗费300亿美元，将核废料埋藏在但地表下数百米的岩层中。这些设施从选址到运行需耗费数十年，且不能保证绝对安全。
而相应的，ADS嬗变系统，则是使用加速器产生的中子流来轰击核废料，使之发生嬗变反应，变为半衰期较短的核废物，可以大大降低放射性废物的储量和毒性；而在这个过程中，ADS的次临界反应堆还可以发电，等于将核废料变成了可以用于发电的核燃料，且发电后产生的废料可以相对安全的处理。
日本、韩国、欧盟、俄罗斯都开展了相关研究。中国则是世界上首个开展ADS系统大工程项目研制的国家。
http://www.guancha.cn/Science/2016_12_24_385883.shtml
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AndrewJin
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Simcity 4?
中国ADS反应堆关键试验首次完成 能用核废料发电
2016-12-24 16:42:22字号：A- A A+来源：观察者网
关键字:核电站ADS嬗变系统(Accelerator-Driven Subcritical(ADS) transmutation system)
【观察者网综合】12月23日，中国核工业集团公司网站发布消息，我国核反应堆零功率装置“启明星II号”实现首次临界。这标志着我国加速器驱动次临界系统（ADS）研究完成又一重大节点。有意思的是，中核集团微博发布消息的时候，配图贴出了“太过先进，无法展示
太过先进，无法展示……不明觉厉的新高度
中核集团此前展示的一个ADS嬗变系统设施布局示意图……
据了解，这一装置是我国重大科学项目加速器驱动次临界（ADS）嬗变系统的子系统之一，ADS嬗变系统是一种用于处理高放射性核废料的装置，可以让核废料失去放射性，同时发电。该系统是目前国际上核技术最前沿的研究项目，我国是世界上第一个开展ADS嬗变系统大工程项目研制的国家，这一系统对于我国核电发展具有极为重大的意义。
中国科普博览网站展示的加速器子系统画面
报道原文内容如下，请各位试着理解一下：
12月23日，由中核集团中国原子能科学研究院和中国科学院近代物理研究所联合研制的，核反应堆零功率装置“启明星Ⅱ号”实现首次临界。这标志着我国加速器驱动次临界系统（ADS）研究完成又一个重大节点，也标志着我国在核反应堆新一代零功率装置研发领域达到国际先进水平。
加速器驱动的次临界系统——ADS嬗变系统，可以使长寿命高放核废料嬗变为短寿命低放核废料，同时减小体积，对于解决“核废料安全处置”问题具有重要意义，目前国际上尚未有ADS嬗变系统工程化应用的先例，该装置将为ADS嬗变系统工程化研究提供关键实验数据。
该装置是ADS研发第二阶段的重要成果。此前，零功率装置“启明星I号”在国家973项目支持下，于2005年7月在中国原子能科学研究院研制成功,并成为国际原子能机构开展ADS试验研究的基准装置。
ADS嬗变系统示意图
“启明星Ⅱ号”装置创新性地采用水堆和铅堆“双堆芯”结构，是以不同富集度的固体铀棒栅作为核燃料，以水或铅为介质的多功能反应堆物理综合实验研究平台，具有固有安全性、堆芯灵活可变性、操作控制可视性、测量准确性等特点。其中铅基堆芯是我国首座铅基反应堆零功率装置，是我国在铅基重金属冷却快中子反应堆的创新研发方面取得的关键技术突破。（杨阿卓）
观察者网科技评论员表示，《中国科技报》曾发展文章，谈及ADS嬗变系统研制，称“在很多专业人士看来，ADS嬗变系统是一个比‘两弹一星’还要难的项目，没有任何的经验可学习借鉴”。可见这一系统的研制难度之高。
中核集团此前也曾发文介绍ADS系统，文中提到，随着我国核电站数量的增加，核废料处理已经成为不可忽视的难题，目前这些核废料都暂存在核电站自建的硼水池中，硼水可以吸收核废料产生的大部分能量。每个硼水池足以储存核电站10年运行所产生的的乏燃料。
但这种处理方式不能一劳永逸，终究不能保证绝对安全性。
目前国际上许多国家都选择地下深埋方式处理核废料。例如美国在尤卡山建立的储藏库，耗费300亿美元，将核废料埋藏在但地表下数百米的岩层中。这些设施从选址到运行需耗费数十年，且不能保证绝对安全。
而相应的，ADS嬗变系统，则是使用加速器产生的中子流来轰击核废料，使之发生嬗变反应，变为半衰期较短的核废物，可以大大降低放射性废物的储量和毒性；而在这个过程中，ADS的次临界反应堆还可以发电，等于将核废料变成了可以用于发电的核燃料，且发电后产生的废料可以相对安全的处理。
日本、韩国、欧盟、俄罗斯都开展了相关研究。中国则是世界上首个开展ADS系统大工程项目研制的国家。
http://www.guancha.cn/Science/2016_12_24_385883.shtml
52051
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China should keep close guard to this tech, civilization is all about how to utilize energy, and this type of research will enable China to access virtually infinite energy for almost free, this will upgrade China's civilization to a far far advanced level.
cirr
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Chinese scientists set global record with artificial sun
2017-07-05 14:43
chinadaily.com.cnEditor: Feng Shuang
Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak in Hefei, East China's Anhui province. (Photo/CCTV.com)
Chinese scientists have successfully operated an experimental thermonuclear fusion reactor to achieve high-confinement plasma for more than 100 seconds, a new record length of time in the world.
The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) in Hefei, East China's Anhui province, has been dubbed as artificial sun since it replicates the energy-generating process of the sun.
In the latest experiment, the facility created steady-state high-constrained plasma-emitting for 101.2 seconds under a temperature of 50 million C. The facility set the record time of 60 seconds in November.
The achievement is expected to improve the development of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the largest international program dedicated to thermonuclear fusion experiments.
China independently designed and constructed the EAST in 2006. The facility is 11 meters tall, with a diameter of 8 meters, and a weight of 400 tons. It is run by the Institute of Plasma Physics in Hefei. In 2012, its tungsten diverters and auxiliary heating system were upgraded.
http://www.ecns.cn/2017/07-05/264157.shtml
2017-07-05 14:43
chinadaily.com.cnEditor: Feng Shuang
Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak in Hefei, East China's Anhui province. (Photo/CCTV.com)
Chinese scientists have successfully operated an experimental thermonuclear fusion reactor to achieve high-confinement plasma for more than 100 seconds, a new record length of time in the world.
The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) in Hefei, East China's Anhui province, has been dubbed as artificial sun since it replicates the energy-generating process of the sun.
In the latest experiment, the facility created steady-state high-constrained plasma-emitting for 101.2 seconds under a temperature of 50 million C. The facility set the record time of 60 seconds in November.
The achievement is expected to improve the development of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the largest international program dedicated to thermonuclear fusion experiments.
China independently designed and constructed the EAST in 2006. The facility is 11 meters tall, with a diameter of 8 meters, and a weight of 400 tons. It is run by the Institute of Plasma Physics in Hefei. In 2012, its tungsten diverters and auxiliary heating system were upgraded.
http://www.ecns.cn/2017/07-05/264157.shtml
cirr
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China to cooperate with Japan on stellarator
2017-07-05 09:00
Global Times Editor: Li Yan
China has reached an agreement with Japan to build its first quasi-axisymmetric stellarator, the latest move to explore nuclear energy.
Southwest Jiaotong University (STU) and National Institute for Fusion Science of Japan Monday signed a cooperation agreement in Chengdu, capital of Southwest China's Sichuan Province, read a statement sent by the university to the Global Times on Tuesday.
A working staffer at the university surnamed Chen, who is engaged with the project, told the Global Times that "the two sides are still negotiating the implementation of the project."
Nuclear fusion, which powers the sun and all stars in the universe, is regarded as the alternative way to provide sustainable, zero-emission and relatively cheap power to grids.
Stellarator and tokamak are the world's two most important devices to sustain nuclear fusion reaction with magnetic confinement as well as the two fusion devices that are most likely to be viable power sources.
According to the statement, stellarator, which imitates the function of the fixed star, requires more complex techniques to build than tokamak but can avoid large rupture caused by plasma current.
Tang Chuanxiang, director of the Department of Engineering Physics of Tsinghua University, told the Global Times on Tuesday that "China has achieved much progress in tokamak research, but is still at an early stage in stellarator research."
China launched studies in stellarator in the 1970s but failed. It is now one of the seven members of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor plan, together with the US and Russia, to build the world's first tokamak fusion reactor, the statement said, adding that cooperation between China and Japan would help create conditions for China to build large stellarator devices in the future.
SJU's move came less than one month after the University of South China (USC) signed a memorandum of understanding with Australian National University (ANU) with the ANU agreeing to provide the USC with its plasma stellarator device, hopefully by the end of this year, the Xinhua News Agency reported.
Working under the memorandum, China and Australia aim to jointly develop a future energy source for the world, making fusion a viable baseload power source by 2050.
http://www.ecns.cn/2017/07-05/264060.shtml
2017-07-05 09:00
Global Times Editor: Li Yan
China has reached an agreement with Japan to build its first quasi-axisymmetric stellarator, the latest move to explore nuclear energy.
Southwest Jiaotong University (STU) and National Institute for Fusion Science of Japan Monday signed a cooperation agreement in Chengdu, capital of Southwest China's Sichuan Province, read a statement sent by the university to the Global Times on Tuesday.
A working staffer at the university surnamed Chen, who is engaged with the project, told the Global Times that "the two sides are still negotiating the implementation of the project."
Nuclear fusion, which powers the sun and all stars in the universe, is regarded as the alternative way to provide sustainable, zero-emission and relatively cheap power to grids.
Stellarator and tokamak are the world's two most important devices to sustain nuclear fusion reaction with magnetic confinement as well as the two fusion devices that are most likely to be viable power sources.
According to the statement, stellarator, which imitates the function of the fixed star, requires more complex techniques to build than tokamak but can avoid large rupture caused by plasma current.
Tang Chuanxiang, director of the Department of Engineering Physics of Tsinghua University, told the Global Times on Tuesday that "China has achieved much progress in tokamak research, but is still at an early stage in stellarator research."
China launched studies in stellarator in the 1970s but failed. It is now one of the seven members of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor plan, together with the US and Russia, to build the world's first tokamak fusion reactor, the statement said, adding that cooperation between China and Japan would help create conditions for China to build large stellarator devices in the future.
SJU's move came less than one month after the University of South China (USC) signed a memorandum of understanding with Australian National University (ANU) with the ANU agreeing to provide the USC with its plasma stellarator device, hopefully by the end of this year, the Xinhua News Agency reported.
Working under the memorandum, China and Australia aim to jointly develop a future energy source for the world, making fusion a viable baseload power source by 2050.
http://www.ecns.cn/2017/07-05/264060.shtml
onebyone
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Scientists in China raised them have set a world record by achieving 101.2 seconds of steady-state H-mode operation of the tokamak, an experimental device designed to harness the energy of fusion.
The milestone meant China’s Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), dubbed “artificial sun,” becoming the world’s first tokamak device to achieve the 100-second level, Hefei Institute of Physical Science under the Chinese Academy of Sciences said Wednesday.
Last year, the EAST team in Hefei, capital of Anhui Province, created a record by achieving over 60 seconds of steady-state long-pulse H-mode discharge of the device.
EAST’s steady-state H-mode operation has provided important experimental support for the operation of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), a large international scientific project project.
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2017/...er-100-seconds-of-steady-state-operation.html
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