1. There is not a SINGLE Hindu, buddhist or Jain history text that mentions either Alexander or his "victory".
For all matter he is insignificant and irrelevant in Indian history and historical context.
Even his "victory" against porus is suspect since Porus remained the KING of his own land. This is significant since no other king alexander defeated got to rule his own kingdom. This "victory" is claimed ONLY by alexander and NO OTHER Indian historian or history text.
Why would a "defeated" king continue to rule his own land ?
Especially since Alexander had NO HISOTRY of doing this Before or After Porus.
So its clear he did not "defeat" porus but probably signed a TRUCE and Treaty with him. So yes its a DEFEAT for a man who went about to CONQUER the known world.
2. India has been largely Republic right from 600 BC and has been recorded in MULTIPLE books. In Buddhists texts and Jain Texts and in Hindu texts and by Alexander own historians and by chinese texts.
These republics were divided into the following three categories:
a. Democracies or pure Gana, wherein the total adult-population participated in the administration;
b. Aristocracies or pure Kula, wherein only some selected families participated in the administration; and
c. Mixed aristocracies and democracies or a mixure of Kula and Gana, wherein the administration was the mixure of the two.
Your ignorance is not my burden, its yours.
3. Hindu code of war was the code of Kshatriyas the ruling class of India and it was practiced by EVERY Kshatriya in India and every Dharmic Kingdom in India.
4. Here is ancient Indian plumbing and aquaduct from south India. Also its Saraswati civilization and not IVC.
Here is a inscription of the
Vaikunda Perumal Temple in
Uthiramerur, Tamil Nadu that explains how
constitutions were laid for democratic administration and also about electoral systems etc.,
This inscription, dated around 920 A.D. But its clear that this system of self governance existed before long.
These inscriptions clearly indicate how intolerant civil society was against corrupt practices and the violators of ethical framework.
This is what the inscription states,
"The members of a Saba were elected by the whole community of the village by a system peculiarly known as 'Kuda Olai' system (Kudam-Pot and Olai-Palm leaf).
“The village was divided into wards called 'Kudumbus', and
every ward had to write the eligible person's names on the palm leaves. The bundle of palm leaves was emptied in a pot. The member was chosen by draw of lots."
The most important point to note here was the issuance of strict guidelines by the rulers. Inscriptions give fair indication of the clarity of thought and zero tolerance towards financial bungling.
"The crimes committed by the members of the Saba are divided into three categories. The swindling of funds or public property and those who failed to submit their accounts have been considered as crime number two. Such members were not eligible to contest the Saba election for life long.
Not only they but their relatives too could not contest elections, like children, in-laws, brothers and their children, grand -parents, grand- children, relations through wife etc., nearly for three generations. They were called as 'Grama Dhurogis'.
There were established codes of conduct laid down for the Saba members as found in an inscription from Mannur village of Tirunelveli district. Among them, the most interesting one relates to obstructing the political processes or functioning of the Saba deliberately.
In such cases a penalty of five Kasu (the prevailing currency) was imposed for every such act of mis-conduct, on such members. Yet they were permitted to stay and participate in the proceedings of the Saba. Generally, the Kings' orders were executed by passing in the Saba.
To prevent political power getting concentrated in one family leading to dynastic tendencies, rules were framed. "According to this rule, the present members of the Saba cannot contest the election for next 2 to 10 years. In the same way none of their relatives should have contested for the past five years if one wanted to contest for membership of Saba.
“There is also a sub rule to provide equal opportunity for everybody stipulating induction of two new members without any previous experience as members of the Saba."
The Sabas had to be dissolved before the election of the new one and the elections were generally conducted by the village accountant and a judge called 'Madyasthan'. In the public services there were no holidays and therefore no one in authority could neglect public duty.
"It was categorically mentioned that the elected members should provide their service for 360 days. The elected members' term of office was only one year and automatically should resign after completion of the term."
They also actively practised the right to recall. "In those days if an elected member of the Saba committed a crime or violated law, he was immediately sacked. Such has been our rich and exemplary past."
There is another inscription from Pallipakkam village of Tanjore in Tamil Nadu belonging to the rule of Parantaka Chola I
