Chinese Scientists Make Breakthrough in Quantum Computing

[Stuttgart001]

I'm not underestimating Japan, Japan is still strong in many sectors as I mentioned. However the output is primarily based on talent flow, less and less Japanese pursue oversea STEM degree in US, meanwhile Japan is a very restrict country for immigrant. I'm predicating the trend. Did you ever see my bragging on PDF?

Japan and China are the same on the issue of immigrants .
The key point is the architecture of R&D not such talents . Lots of great scientists are not outstanding at studying at school .
Besides the advantages Japan has for now, Japan has acheived lots of achievement and get some upper hands in many front fields which would decide the future in 20 years .
In the future, Japan would not be the one behind in tech.

 

[Shotgunner51]

Move Aside Supercomputers, the World's First Quantum Computing Machine is Here
By Prei Dy, | May 03, 2017

China has built the world's first quantum computing machine, which is incredibly 24,000 times faster than any of its international counterparts. The newly developed computer is expected to outperform the processing power of the current supercomputers.

The quantum computer, created by researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China at Hefei in Anhui province, boasts of the ability to perform sophisticated tasks that classical computers cannot perform. For instance, it can predict the complex movement and behavior of subatomic particles, which normal supercomputers could not because of the unpredictable behavior of these photons. In terms of calculation tasks, the Hefei machine is 10 to 100 times faster than the first electronic digital computer ENIAC.

Pan Jianwei, an academecian from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a leading quantum physicist, said that quantum computing exploits the ability of photos to exist in multiple states at any time. This means that it could store more information that just 1 or 0.

Quantum computer's computing power grows exponentially with the number of quantum bits that can be manipulated. The way these particles behave makes quantum computing carry out tasks quickly without using so much energy such as solving large-scale computation problems that are beyond the ability of current classical computers.

Pan said the core of quantum computing technology is the manipulation of multi-particle entanglement. And this has been the focus of international competition in quantum computing research. In the photonic system, Pan's team claims to have already achieved the first 5, 6, 8, and 10 entangled photons in the world and is leading in terms of developments.

"Our architecture is feasible to be scaled up to a larger number of photos and with a higher rate to race against increasingly advanced classical computers," the researchers said.​

The latest development marks the first single photon-based quantum computing machine that goes beyond the early classical computer. It also paves the way for a quantum computer that can beat classical computers.

http://www.telegiz.com/articles/225...rlds-first-quantum-computing-machine-here.htm

 

[武成王]

Japan and China are the same on the issue of immigrants .
The key point is the architecture of R&D not such talents . Lots of great scientists are not outstanding at studying at school .
Besides the advantages Japan has for now, Japan has acheived lots of achievement and get some upper hands in many front fields which would decide the future in 20 years .
In the future, Japan would not be the one behind in tech.

Chinese population is 10x Japan, whether or not China is an immigrant country is not important. MOST scientists are top students at school, FEW are normal at school.
what kind of architecture is key point? Please elaborate.

I agree that they have upper hands in many sectors though.
It looks odd that you confirm that EU (the largest economy, 5x population of Japan) will decline in RD. They may fall behind by percentage (only 1-2%) of GDP of RD investment, however still much larger in absolute number.

 

[Shotgunner51]

Abstract

Boson sampling is considered as a strong candidate to demonstrate ‘quantum computational supremacy’ over classical computers. However, previous proof-of-principle experiments suffered from small photon number and low sampling rates owing to the inefficiencies of the single-photon sources and multiport optical interferometers. Here, we develop two central components for high-performance boson sampling: robust multiphoton interferometers with 99% transmission rate and actively demultiplexed single-photon sources based on a quantum dot–micropillar with simultaneously high efficiency, purity and indistinguishability. We implement and validate three-, four- and five-photon boson sampling, and achieve sampling rates of 4.96 kHz, 151 Hz and 4 Hz, respectively, which are over 24,000 times faster than previous experiments. Our architecture can be scaled up for a larger number of photons and with higher sampling rates to compete with classical computers, and might provide experimental evidence against the extended Church–Turing thesis.

Subject terms:

• Quantum information
• Quantum optics
• Single photons and quantum effects

http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nphoton.2017.63.html#access

 

[Beast]

How do you know?
In fact, judging by this statement of yours, you don't even seem to know much about quantum physics, or the research happening in the field.

Your remark regarding China leading in "anything quantum" is hilarious.

Quantum Physics is the dominant physical framework of understanding the world. Which means it is applied in EVERYTHING.

There is quantum thermodynamics, quantum chemistry; there is even an up and coming field called quantum biology.

We are talking here only about Quantum IT (Information Technology), which uses quantum principles for the evolution of the next generation of IT infrastructure superseding the classical one.

It would broadly include the following fields:

1. Quantum Cryptography, and Quantum Communications: This is the field where China is strongest at, and is perhaps even leading. China's quantum satellite, and fibre optic link fall in this category.
2. Quantum Sensors, and Hardware: This is the field where China produces good work, but US and EU is in the lead.
3. Quantum Computing: This is where US leads by a margin.
4. Theoretical Quantum Computing, Algorithms: China doesn't even feature here. China is good in experimental physics, not in theoretical one.

I have quoted Scott Aaronson, who is a leading theoretical quantum physicist. In fact, your sources are far more biased, and don't know anything about the stuff they are writing.

Pan Jianwei's team made what is called a Boson Sampling Machine. It is not a universal quantum computer. And it is not even being pursued by other research groups, who are going all in for a universal quantum computer.



In fact they do the opposite. They overplay China's advance in quantum computing so that they can lobby for funds. (Both in US and EU)

Now, Mr. @Beast please state your sources, and analysis on why do you think China leads quantum computing, and virtually "anything quantum."

As if you know anything about quantum physics? You are too just quote any article based by the west omitting lead of China in quantum physics. I standby my word. Those article in fact never paint China in good light of quantum science. China lead in quantum data cryptography is an undeniable fact becos China has already put a working quantum satellite in space. There is no way the western can spin it.

As for Quantum computer, I do not know where your US led by a margin fact come from? Clearly the Chinese article and data stated by Chinese scientist is undeniable facts, China has led against US. Your so called led by US is nothing but stem from your hatre for our mocking of India backward and bragging nature that the only way for you to get back is by posting bias, misleading article to try fool most of the innocent readers.

 

[Stuttgart001]

Chinese population is 10x Japan, whether or not China is an immigrant country is not important. MOST scientists are top students at school, FEW are normal at school.
what kind of architecture is key point? Please elaborate.

I agree that they have upper hands in many sectors though.
It looks odd that you confirm that EU (the largest economy, 5x population of Japan) will decline in RD. They may fall behind by percentage (only 1-2%) of GDP of RD investment, however still much larger in absolute number.

I am 100% sure that EU would lag behind in the future, the main reason is political disunion.
EU is not one sole nation, that why they could not develop a fifth generation fighter jets .

The comparison of R&D architecture between China and Japan is too complex a topic .
I would write an article when I have time .
I just say one thing that is China actually has been learning from US and Japan in terms of reform of R&D architecture, which has made China benefit a lot .

 

[AMDR]

As for Quantum computer, I do not know where your US led by a margin fact come from? Clearly the Chinese article and data stated by Chinese scientist is undeniable facts, China has led against US. Your so called led by US is nothing but stem from your hatre for our mocking of India backward and bragging nature that the only way for you to get back is by posting bias, misleading article to try fool most of the innocent readers.

Long-term investment by multiple groups in the US tech industry like Google and IBM, also supported by US Military research grants (usually IARPA), is why the US has a lead in Quantum computing.

Example:

By the end of 2017, Google might be able to come up with a device that could achieve quantum supremacy, being able to perform a calculation that’ll be beyond the abilities of conventional chips. The research team at Google is preparing a 50 qubit chip which might set a benchmark in the field of quantum computing.

https://fossbytes.com/google-quantum-chip-50-qubit/

Pan estimated that Chinese scientists could realize manipulation of around 50 quantum bits by 2020 to realize quantum supremacy

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-05/03/c_136254519.htm

 

[Beast]

Long-term investment by multiple groups in the US tech industry like Google and IBM, also supported by US Military research grants (usually IARPA), is why the US has a lead in Quantum computing.

Example:


https://fossbytes.com/google-quantum-chip-50-qubit/


http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-05/03/c_136254519.htm

These are not proof. Once again, you are using an omitting tactics trying to prove one side point.

China project is lead by CPC of national effort with unlimited resources unlike the US counterpart and our investment into quantum computer is not just started yesterday. Not to mention many talent scientist in quantum area are Chinese which result a out flow of talent from US side. US military will be wary and bar most Chinese scientist in this area which serves to China advantage.

 

[Bussard Ramjet]

As if you know anything about quantum physics? You are too just quote any article based by the west omitting lead of China in quantum physics. I standby my word. Those article in fact never paint China in good light of quantum science. China lead in quantum data cryptography is an undeniable fact becos China has already put a working quantum satellite in space. There is no way the western can spin it.

As for Quantum computer, I do not know where your US led by a margin fact come from? Clearly the Chinese article and data stated by Chinese scientist is undeniable facts, China has led against US. Your so called led by US is nothing but stem from your hatre for our mocking of India backward and bragging nature that the only way for you to get back is by posting bias, misleading article to try fool most of the innocent readers.

China is very good at quantum cryptography that is okay. But it is a well known fact that research in US has already gone underground. Meaning it has been taken by defense establishment.

Apart from that, remember this is a boson sampling machine. This is a non-universal quantum computer. The scientists have stated that it is 24,000 times faster than other Boson sampling machines.

It doesn't state that it is that faster than other computers.

These are not proof. Once again, you are using an omitting tactics trying to prove one side point.

China project is lead by CPC of national effort with unlimited resources unlike the US counterpart and our investment into quantum computer is not just started yesterday. Not to mention many talent scientist in quantum area are Chinese which result a out flow of talent from US side. US military will be wary and bar most Chinese scientist in this area which serves to China advantage.

The US spends more on quantum computing, and quantum research than China.

From the article published in Nature Photonics:

http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journ...photon.2017.63.html#supplementary-information

Quantum computers1 can, in principle, solve certain problems faster than classical computers. Despite substantial progress in the past two decades2, 3, 4, building quantum machines that can actually outperform classical computers for some specific tasks—an important milestone termed ‘quantum supremacy’—remains challenging. In the quest of demonstrating quantum supremacy, boson sampling, an intermediate (that is, non-universal) quantum computer model proposed by Aaronson and Arkhipov5, has received considerable interest as it requires fewer physical resources than building universal optical quantum computers6.

Read this again.

This is a non-universal quantum computer. If one were to explain this in simple english, this can't be called a quantum computer. @Beast

 

[Beast]

China is very good at quantum cryptography that is okay. But it is a well known fact that research in US has already gone underground. Meaning it has been taken by defense establishment.

Apart from that, remember this is a boson sampling machine. This is a non-universal quantum computer. The scientists have stated that it is 24,000 times faster than other Boson sampling machines.

It doesn't state that it is that faster than other computers.

24,

This is totally inaccurate information. The quantum computer is not the first quantum computer.

And it is 24,000 times faster than previous Boson Sampling Machines, which are not the only types of quantum computers. In fact, the race is to develop a universal quantum computer, which a Boson sampling machine is NOT.

Apart from that the quantum computer is 10-100 times faster than ENIAC. ENIAC ran at 500 flops. This means that this machine runs at around 5k to 50k flops.

Modern day supercomputers run at 100 Peta flops.

That means the modern day supercomputers are around 12 orders of magnitude faster than this machine.

Just for perspective:

This machine runs at 5000 to 50,000 flops.

Sunway Taihu Light operates at 100,000,000,000,000,000 flops.



This is the current information but is in direct contradiction to what was stated in the first line.



The US spends more on quantum computing, and quantum research than China.

From the article published in Nature Photonics:

http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journ...photon.2017.63.html#supplementary-information

Quantum computers1 can, in principle, solve certain problems faster than classical computers. Despite substantial progress in the past two decades2, 3, 4, building quantum machines that can actually outperform classical computers for some specific tasks—an important milestone termed ‘quantum supremacy’—remains challenging. In the quest of demonstrating quantum supremacy, boson sampling, an intermediate (that is, non-universal) quantum computer model proposed by Aaronson and Arkhipov5, has received considerable interest as it requires fewer physical resources than building universal optical quantum computers6.

Read this again.

This is a non-universal quantum computer. If one were to explain this in simple english, this can't be called a quantum computer. @Beast

Lol..

http://www.infoworld.com/article/29...funding-threaten-the-countrys-future.amp.html

US has more fund than China is due to higher standard of living by paying higher scientist salary, more expensive research project. Nothing to do with quality. The fact is even report claiming the fund injected is still not enough more or less tells you something.

 

[Bussard Ramjet]

Lol..

http://www.infoworld.com/article/29...funding-threaten-the-countrys-future.amp.html

US has more fund than China is due to higher standard of living by paying higher scientist salary, more expensive research project. Nothing to do with quality. The fact is even report claiming the fund injected is still not enough more or less tells you something.

Well that is a propaganda report calling for more funds.

Also higher salaries matter. Top talent is extremely mobile. If it gets good salary somewhere else, they just move there.

 

[武成王]

I am 100% sure that EU would lag behind in the future, the main reason is political disunion.
EU is not one sole nation, that why they could not develop a fifth generation fighter jets .

The comparison of R&D architecture between China and Japan is too complex a topic .
I would write an article when I have time .
I just say one thing that is China actually has been learning from US and Japan in terms of reform of R&D architecture, which has made China benefit a lot .

No. You don't have to write. I ever worked in RD for a top Japanese MNC for years, I know something about their system. When I said Europe and Japan PROBABLY decline, I'm not 100% sure as you. Also you're the first person I met online who refer clouding computing as strength of Japan.

 

[j20blackdragon]

Seems like some people can't read or don't understand what is being written...

Chinese scientists are exploring three technical routes: systems based on single photons, ultra-cold atoms and superconducting circuits.

Three technical routes:

1. single photon
2. ultra-cold atoms
3. superconductings circuits

They are not the same!

Recently, Pan Jianwei and his colleagues -- Lu Chaoyang and Zhu Xiaobo, of the University of Science and Technology of China, and Wang Haohua, of Zhejiang University -- set two international records in quantum control of the maximal numbers of entangled photonic quantum bits and entangled superconducting quantum bits.

In the photonic system, his team has first achieved the first 5, 6, 8 and 10 entangled photons in the world and is at the forefront of global developments.

In the superconducting quantum circuit system, a research team from Google, NASA and the University of California at Santa Barbara announced a high-precision manipulation of 9 superconducting quantum bits in 2015.

Now the Chinese team led by Pan, Zhu Xiaobo and Wang Haohua have broken that record. They independently developed a superconducting quantum circuit containing 10 superconducting quantum bits and successfully entangled the 10 quantum bits through a global quantum operation.

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-05/03/c_136254519.htm

 

[Stuttgart001]

No. You don't have to write. I ever worked in RD for a top Japanese MNC for years, I know something about their system. When I said Europe and Japan PROBABLY decline, I'm not 100% sure as you. Also you're the first person I met online who refer clouding computing as strength of Japan.

Of course, Japan is strong at clouding computing theotry.
I do not what institution you worked .
But I used to work in China state-own institution ,and Chinese scientists and engineers who engaged in real tech never dare to down value the strength of Japan R&D.

 

[cirr]

China adds a quantum computer to high-performance computing arsenal

The country has developed a quantum computer based on multi-photon entanglement.

Agam Shah

U.S. Correspondent, IDG News Service | MAY 4, 2017 1:44 PM PT

Credit: Michael Kan

China already has the world's fastest supercomputer and has now built a crude quantum computer that could outpace today's PCs and servers.

Quantum computers have already been built by companies like IBM and D-Wave, but Chinese researchers have taken a different approach. They are introducing quantum computing using multiple photons, which could provide a superior way to calculate compared to today's computers.

The Chinese quantum computing architecture allows for five-photon sampling and entanglement. It's an improvement over previous experiments involving single-photon sourcing, up to 24,000 times faster, the researchers claimed.

The Chinese researchers have built components required for Boson sampling, which has been theorized for a long time and is considered an easy way to build a quantum computer. The architecture built by the Chinese can include a large number of photons, which increases the speed and scale of computing.

China is strengthening its technology arsenal in an effort to be self-sufficient. China's homegrown chip powers TaihuLight, the world's fastest computer.

In 2014, China said it would spend US$150 billion on semiconductor development so that PCs and mobile devices would convert to homegrown chips. Afraid that low-cost Chinese chips will flood the market, the U.S. earlier this year accused China of rigging the semiconductor market to its advantage.

It's not clear yet if a quantum computer is on China's national agenda. But China's rapid progress of technology is worrying countries like the U.S. A superfast quantum computer could enhance the country's progress in areas like weapons development, in which high-performance computers are key.

But there's a long way to go before China builds its first full-fledged quantum computer. The prototype quantum computer is good for specific uses but is not designed to be a universal quantum computer that can run any task.

The research behind quantum computers is gaining steam as PCs and servers reach their limit. It's becoming difficult to shrink chips to smaller geometries, which could upset the cycle of reducing costs of computers while boosting speeds.

If they deliver on their promise, quantum computers will drive computing into the future. They are fundamentally different from computers used today.

Bits on today’s computers are stored as ones or zeros, while quantum computers rely on qubits, also called quantum bits. Qubits can achieve various states, including holding a one and zero simultaneously, and those states can multiply.

The parallelism allows qubits to do more calculations simultaneously. However, qubits are considered fragile and highly unstable, and can easily breakdown during entanglement, a technical term for when qubits interact. A breakdown could bring instability to a computing process.

The Chinese quantum computer has a photon device based on quantum dots, demultiplexers, photonic circuits, and detectors.

There are multiple ways to build a quantum computer, including via superconducting qubits, which is the building block for D-Wave Systems' systems. Like the Chinese system, D-Wave's quantum annealing method is another easy way to build a quantum computer but is not considered ideal for a universal quantum computer.

IBM already has a 5-qubit quantum computer that is available via the cloud. It is now chasing a universal quantum computer using superconducting qubits but has a different gating model to stabilize systems. Microsoft is trying to chase a new quantum computer based on a new topography and a yet-undiscovered particle called non-abelian anyons.

In a bid to build computers of the future, China has also built a neuromorphic chip called Darwin.

http://www.pcworld.com/article/3194...er-to-high-performance-computing-arsenal.html