Adam WANG SHANGHAI MEGA
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China’s regular army before the fall of the Qing Empire in the 1900s
2018-10-24 06:31:00
https://www.toutiao.com/a6615105621186314765/
After the Sino-Japanese War, Yuan Shikai, the foreign minister of Beiyang, set up a "new army" in North China. Zhang Jiangdong, the governor of the two rivers, set up a "self-strengthening army" in the south. This Western-style force proved to be very useful. In 1904, the Qing government announced plans to establish a standing army of 36 towns.
These troops maintain law and order in peacetime and serve as auxiliary forces in wartime. At the same time, the government canceled the old-style military martial arts, and established military preparation schools in the provinces to train new-style officers.
After the operation of the Gengzi, the naval bases were successively lost, and the Qing Empire had no sea defense. In 1909, the Navy was established, and the remaining naval battleships were reorganized into two cruisers and the Yangtze River. In 1910, the Navy was reorganized as the Admiralty to try to revive the Navy.
In the staff mechanism, the Military Advisory Office was established in 1907 under the Ministry of the Army. In order to separate military management and command, it was decided in 1911 to upgrade it to a military advisory office independent of the Army. However, the Qing Empire did not have time to see the effects of these reforms and it was dead.
According to the Qing dynasty, the military is divided into eleven categories according to the specialties; the military ranks the most in the third and eighth grades, and the minimum is only one and two. In the 21st year of Guangxu, the military titles were the same as those of the same level. They only had the same name before the title of the military officer, such as "the same vice president" and "Tongzheng Military Academy".
In the first year of Xuantong, because the official name was crowned with the same word, and the boundary was unclear, it was changed to a professional name before the title, such as "Military Deputy General" and "Ma Medical is involved". The Qing government began to stipulate the collocation of the position and title. The requirements are very strict, and it is called “competition with the official.
Revised in two year of Xuantong. Under normal circumstances, it is necessary to "recognize the equivalent of an official." However, "there is no suitable candidate for the military service, and the deputy is more than the military rank, or less than the military." The official level of the ranks can also be used as a charge. However, regardless of size, the rate of difference is limited to one level and must not be exceeded."
After the establishment of the new army, while updating training methods, weapons and equipment, it also improved the military uniform. The training department officially drafted a dress, a uniform, an epaulette, and a cap badge. At this point, the traditional Chinese military uniform-style garment that has been used for hundreds of years officially withdrew from the historical stage.
On the eve of the demise of the Qing Empire, the army could be claimed to be 1 million, but there were only about 600,000 combatants, of which only 175,000 were modernized regular troops. [Chinese New Army in the late Qing Dynasty, 1900s. Photography: Stafford Francis]
PS:China in 1949
PLA entered Shanghai and slept on the streets to avoid harassing Shanghai local people in 1949
PLA in 2018
2018-10-24 06:31:00
https://www.toutiao.com/a6615105621186314765/
After the Sino-Japanese War, Yuan Shikai, the foreign minister of Beiyang, set up a "new army" in North China. Zhang Jiangdong, the governor of the two rivers, set up a "self-strengthening army" in the south. This Western-style force proved to be very useful. In 1904, the Qing government announced plans to establish a standing army of 36 towns.
These troops maintain law and order in peacetime and serve as auxiliary forces in wartime. At the same time, the government canceled the old-style military martial arts, and established military preparation schools in the provinces to train new-style officers.
After the operation of the Gengzi, the naval bases were successively lost, and the Qing Empire had no sea defense. In 1909, the Navy was established, and the remaining naval battleships were reorganized into two cruisers and the Yangtze River. In 1910, the Navy was reorganized as the Admiralty to try to revive the Navy.
In the staff mechanism, the Military Advisory Office was established in 1907 under the Ministry of the Army. In order to separate military management and command, it was decided in 1911 to upgrade it to a military advisory office independent of the Army. However, the Qing Empire did not have time to see the effects of these reforms and it was dead.
According to the Qing dynasty, the military is divided into eleven categories according to the specialties; the military ranks the most in the third and eighth grades, and the minimum is only one and two. In the 21st year of Guangxu, the military titles were the same as those of the same level. They only had the same name before the title of the military officer, such as "the same vice president" and "Tongzheng Military Academy".
In the first year of Xuantong, because the official name was crowned with the same word, and the boundary was unclear, it was changed to a professional name before the title, such as "Military Deputy General" and "Ma Medical is involved". The Qing government began to stipulate the collocation of the position and title. The requirements are very strict, and it is called “competition with the official.
Revised in two year of Xuantong. Under normal circumstances, it is necessary to "recognize the equivalent of an official." However, "there is no suitable candidate for the military service, and the deputy is more than the military rank, or less than the military." The official level of the ranks can also be used as a charge. However, regardless of size, the rate of difference is limited to one level and must not be exceeded."
After the establishment of the new army, while updating training methods, weapons and equipment, it also improved the military uniform. The training department officially drafted a dress, a uniform, an epaulette, and a cap badge. At this point, the traditional Chinese military uniform-style garment that has been used for hundreds of years officially withdrew from the historical stage.
On the eve of the demise of the Qing Empire, the army could be claimed to be 1 million, but there were only about 600,000 combatants, of which only 175,000 were modernized regular troops. [Chinese New Army in the late Qing Dynasty, 1900s. Photography: Stafford Francis]
PS:China in 1949
PLA entered Shanghai and slept on the streets to avoid harassing Shanghai local people in 1949
PLA in 2018
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