China canceled $30 billion in debts by 35 African countries
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Martian2
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R0H1T, I suggest you stop trolling in my thread. You have made 5 anti-China posts already and none of it is related to the topic of China's cancellation of $30 billion in debt owed by African countries. If you don't stop, I'll start posting Indian issues in response.
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The Hindu rate of growth is back. The last few years of high Indian economic growth were a mirage fueled by foreign debt. That bubble has now popped and the debt payments plus interest are due.
‘Perfect storm’ puts India’s economy on the rocks - The Globe and Mail
"‘Perfect storm’ puts India’s economy on the rocks
Stephanie Nolen
NEW DELHI— From Thursday's Globe and Mail
Last updated Wednesday, Dec. 28, 2011 7:50PM EST
An Indian man bathes on a street as a rickshaw driver pedals past on a cold morning in New Delhi, Dec. 28, 2011. Economic growth in the world's [second] most-populous nation is expected to drop below 6 per cent. (Credit: Kevin Frayer/Associated Press)
“Under six.” Unthinkable a year ago, this is the muttered phrase on the lips of India’s business leaders these days: that the country could post gross domestic product growth of less than 6 per cent this fiscal year.
“It’s a crisis – we’re going to be looking at 5.5, but you wouldn’t know it from the way these guys are acting,” said the CEO of the Indian branch of one of the world’s largest Internet companies, referring to the central government; he would not speak on the record for fear of souring an already fraught relationship with that government.
In many of the world’s major economies, 5.5-per-cent growth sounds like a dream, but it’s barely half of what was predicted for India at the start of the fiscal year back in April.
The country needs the near-double-digit growth if the half of its citizens who continue to live in stark poverty are to get jobs and see change in their lives, and the Indian National Congress-led government needs to see it if they are to have any hope of winning re-election.
But a vicious mix of external and internal factors has combined to savage the prospects for this year, and there are signs the coming six months will be worse.
The ongoing turmoil in the global economy has not been kind to India: manufacturing and exports are way down, and the rupee has lost nearly 20 per cent of its value since the spring.
But the worst of the problems are homegrown, starting with a perceived paralysis on the part of government. The current session of Parliament has been hijacked by debate over corruption, and theatrics staged by an opposition that smells blood. The business community was hoping to see at least a dozen pieces of major economic reform legislation – particularly pertaining to land acquisition and tax policy – passed this session; it appears that at best one or two laws will be.
The government has a critical leadership vacuum: Congress president Sonia Gandhi is ill, reportedly with cancer, and has been away from the helm. Her son and presumed heir Rahul Gandhi has failed fully to step to the forefront. But the Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh, has stayed silent through the parliamentary turmoil and is rarely seen, leading to an overall impression that he is a hapless figurehead.
The sense of rudderlessness has seeped into the bureaucracy, where implementation of critical infrastructure projects has stalled: the national highways project has been effectively shelved; coal-fired power plants are perpetually short of fuel because of poor central planning; ports, railways and new planned cities are all stalled.
Rajeev Malik, a leading analyst of India’s economy, calls it all a “perfect storm” and said the consequences, in the near term, are grim.
“Under six – is it possible? Sure. Is it for certain? No, not if government gets its act together. But India is a supertanker, not a yacht, and it takes a lot to move it,” he said. Already there are clear signs that state electoral battles are going to preoccupy government for the first half of next year.
“Things could be improved but we would have to see a fairly aggressive turnaround as far as government is concerned,” Mr. Malik said. “And there is no sign of that happening, and with the state election calendar it’s unlikely to happen.”
Mr. Malik’s firm, CLSA, is predicting 6.7-per-cent growth for 2012 and – a downward trajectory – 6.3-per-cent average growth for 2013, with some quarters potentially below six.
The Reserve Bank of India has kept interest rates resolutely high, while government social policy has led to high inflation – the highest in any of the BRIC countries, near 10 per cent a month – and a mounting fiscal deficit. The government said this week that the fiscal deficit would overshoot the projected target of 4.6 per cent; the next day the cabinet approved a “right-to-food” bill, said to be a particular project of Ms. Gandhi’s, which will theoretically deliver subsidized grains to about two-thirds of the population and will cost the government an estimated $17.5-billion (U.S.).
The focus of government, however, is corruption – with popular anger simmering over a series of scandals, and street-level demands for the creation of an anti-corruption watchdog that has monopolized this session of parliament.
The old ways, of paying bribes to win contracts and greasing the track for approvals, are suddenly in question, but no one knows how the new game works, or wants to be the person who takes the next step, said an executive with an Israeli telecommunications firm with several major projects here. So his firm’s myriad applications for permissions and approvals from government are in limbo. “We have done basically nothing for six months,” he said. “My guys are just sitting.”
Investor confidence took a hard blow earlier this month when the government introduced, with fanfare, plans to allow 51-per-cent foreign ownership in the multibrand retail sector – and then days later had to hastily scrap those plans, when the opposition rebelled (claiming it would squash small Indian business) and the Congress party’s own coalition allies refused to back the initiative.
The business community is becoming increasingly strident in its criticism: in October, 14 of the country’s top business leaders sent government an open letter bemoaning the climate: “Policy uncertainties and delays in approvals are forcing many large corporate entities to seek out opportunities in other geographies,” it warned. Last month, Mukesh Ambani, chair of Reliance Industries, one of the country’s largest firms, told a meeting of the World Economic Forum that the government must “move a lot faster” in decision-making. At the same venue, a major industrialist, Niranjan Hirandandani, said in an outburst to reporters, “It’s almost becoming impossible to do business in India.”
The Prime Minister responded four days ago with a sharp scolding at the Council of Trade and Industry in the presence of some of the country’s leading business figures, saying they were damaging the country with their negative attitude.
That only confirmed the sense he is badly out of touch. “What’s the Prime Minister thinking?” said the CEO of a mid-size financial services and real estate company in Delhi, who would not speak on the record because he is not authorized to address political issues. “Of course we’re negative.”
The potential spending power of India’s population will keep the long-term outlook positive, said Rajeev Malik, but a population that has tasted what it is like to grow at 8 per cent is not going to be content with six, or less.
Jayati Ghosh, a professor at the Centre for Economic Studies and Planning in Delhi, called the focus on the GDP growth figure a distraction.
“If a large part of your GDP growth is construction or financial services or otherwise part of a bubble – if a lot of it is unsustainable – but very little of it is employment-generating, then that number is immaterial,” she said. The solution will be public-sector spending in sectors such as health which will create jobs and drive consumption, she said.
'Five-point-five growth like that, that is real – that would be fine. But that will take policy and action from government. And we’re not seeing it.'”
----------
The Hindu rate of growth is back. The last few years of high Indian economic growth were a mirage fueled by foreign debt. That bubble has now popped and the debt payments plus interest are due.
‘Perfect storm’ puts India’s economy on the rocks - The Globe and Mail
"‘Perfect storm’ puts India’s economy on the rocks
Stephanie Nolen
NEW DELHI— From Thursday's Globe and Mail
Last updated Wednesday, Dec. 28, 2011 7:50PM EST
An Indian man bathes on a street as a rickshaw driver pedals past on a cold morning in New Delhi, Dec. 28, 2011. Economic growth in the world's [second] most-populous nation is expected to drop below 6 per cent. (Credit: Kevin Frayer/Associated Press)
“Under six.” Unthinkable a year ago, this is the muttered phrase on the lips of India’s business leaders these days: that the country could post gross domestic product growth of less than 6 per cent this fiscal year.
“It’s a crisis – we’re going to be looking at 5.5, but you wouldn’t know it from the way these guys are acting,” said the CEO of the Indian branch of one of the world’s largest Internet companies, referring to the central government; he would not speak on the record for fear of souring an already fraught relationship with that government.
In many of the world’s major economies, 5.5-per-cent growth sounds like a dream, but it’s barely half of what was predicted for India at the start of the fiscal year back in April.
The country needs the near-double-digit growth if the half of its citizens who continue to live in stark poverty are to get jobs and see change in their lives, and the Indian National Congress-led government needs to see it if they are to have any hope of winning re-election.
But a vicious mix of external and internal factors has combined to savage the prospects for this year, and there are signs the coming six months will be worse.
The ongoing turmoil in the global economy has not been kind to India: manufacturing and exports are way down, and the rupee has lost nearly 20 per cent of its value since the spring.
But the worst of the problems are homegrown, starting with a perceived paralysis on the part of government. The current session of Parliament has been hijacked by debate over corruption, and theatrics staged by an opposition that smells blood. The business community was hoping to see at least a dozen pieces of major economic reform legislation – particularly pertaining to land acquisition and tax policy – passed this session; it appears that at best one or two laws will be.
The government has a critical leadership vacuum: Congress president Sonia Gandhi is ill, reportedly with cancer, and has been away from the helm. Her son and presumed heir Rahul Gandhi has failed fully to step to the forefront. But the Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh, has stayed silent through the parliamentary turmoil and is rarely seen, leading to an overall impression that he is a hapless figurehead.
The sense of rudderlessness has seeped into the bureaucracy, where implementation of critical infrastructure projects has stalled: the national highways project has been effectively shelved; coal-fired power plants are perpetually short of fuel because of poor central planning; ports, railways and new planned cities are all stalled.
Rajeev Malik, a leading analyst of India’s economy, calls it all a “perfect storm” and said the consequences, in the near term, are grim.
“Under six – is it possible? Sure. Is it for certain? No, not if government gets its act together. But India is a supertanker, not a yacht, and it takes a lot to move it,” he said. Already there are clear signs that state electoral battles are going to preoccupy government for the first half of next year.
“Things could be improved but we would have to see a fairly aggressive turnaround as far as government is concerned,” Mr. Malik said. “And there is no sign of that happening, and with the state election calendar it’s unlikely to happen.”
Mr. Malik’s firm, CLSA, is predicting 6.7-per-cent growth for 2012 and – a downward trajectory – 6.3-per-cent average growth for 2013, with some quarters potentially below six.
The Reserve Bank of India has kept interest rates resolutely high, while government social policy has led to high inflation – the highest in any of the BRIC countries, near 10 per cent a month – and a mounting fiscal deficit. The government said this week that the fiscal deficit would overshoot the projected target of 4.6 per cent; the next day the cabinet approved a “right-to-food” bill, said to be a particular project of Ms. Gandhi’s, which will theoretically deliver subsidized grains to about two-thirds of the population and will cost the government an estimated $17.5-billion (U.S.).
The focus of government, however, is corruption – with popular anger simmering over a series of scandals, and street-level demands for the creation of an anti-corruption watchdog that has monopolized this session of parliament.
The old ways, of paying bribes to win contracts and greasing the track for approvals, are suddenly in question, but no one knows how the new game works, or wants to be the person who takes the next step, said an executive with an Israeli telecommunications firm with several major projects here. So his firm’s myriad applications for permissions and approvals from government are in limbo. “We have done basically nothing for six months,” he said. “My guys are just sitting.”
Investor confidence took a hard blow earlier this month when the government introduced, with fanfare, plans to allow 51-per-cent foreign ownership in the multibrand retail sector – and then days later had to hastily scrap those plans, when the opposition rebelled (claiming it would squash small Indian business) and the Congress party’s own coalition allies refused to back the initiative.
The business community is becoming increasingly strident in its criticism: in October, 14 of the country’s top business leaders sent government an open letter bemoaning the climate: “Policy uncertainties and delays in approvals are forcing many large corporate entities to seek out opportunities in other geographies,” it warned. Last month, Mukesh Ambani, chair of Reliance Industries, one of the country’s largest firms, told a meeting of the World Economic Forum that the government must “move a lot faster” in decision-making. At the same venue, a major industrialist, Niranjan Hirandandani, said in an outburst to reporters, “It’s almost becoming impossible to do business in India.”
The Prime Minister responded four days ago with a sharp scolding at the Council of Trade and Industry in the presence of some of the country’s leading business figures, saying they were damaging the country with their negative attitude.
That only confirmed the sense he is badly out of touch. “What’s the Prime Minister thinking?” said the CEO of a mid-size financial services and real estate company in Delhi, who would not speak on the record because he is not authorized to address political issues. “Of course we’re negative.”
The potential spending power of India’s population will keep the long-term outlook positive, said Rajeev Malik, but a population that has tasted what it is like to grow at 8 per cent is not going to be content with six, or less.
Jayati Ghosh, a professor at the Centre for Economic Studies and Planning in Delhi, called the focus on the GDP growth figure a distraction.
“If a large part of your GDP growth is construction or financial services or otherwise part of a bubble – if a lot of it is unsustainable – but very little of it is employment-generating, then that number is immaterial,” she said. The solution will be public-sector spending in sectors such as health which will create jobs and drive consumption, she said.
'Five-point-five growth like that, that is real – that would be fine. But that will take policy and action from government. And we’re not seeing it.'”
Your lack of knowledge, comprehension skills & what not really depress me ! IP law makes CN more compliant with global best practices ! Go figure why you're more loathed than any other country in the world for blatant thefts wrt same, then you go for CIA ! You're nothing less of a brain dead moron since you clearly have no clue about what you're puking ! USPTO is infamous for granting stupid patents & they clearly favor domestic firms like Apple in matters of subjudice but unlike CN they have real inventions coming out from the US & what have you got with the largest number of tech grads in the world - a xerox factory that could rival/outnumber the PLA something like 10:1
That's totally upto your discretion now wrt the debt relief for Africa I'd say that they(CN) have a strategy of making the other party fall into their trap of benevolence & then milking them for life afterwards !
And now one seems to wonder where all that money came from, seems they grow yuan on trees in CN & every form of currency/trade manipulation is just a hogwash ! If you still can't see the connection of the unparalleled rise of CN & the demise of virtually everyone else(Vis-à-vis global competitiveness) then its not much to ponder over for ignorant folks like you !
So much for the myth of an avg Chinese IQ of 101
Martian2
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Your lack of knowledge, comprehension skills & what not really depress me ! IP law makes CN more compliant with global best practices ! Go figure why you're more loathed than any other country in the world for blatant thefts wrt same, then you go for CIA ! You're nothing less of a brain dead moron since you clearly have no clue about what you're puking ! USPTO is infamous for granting stupid patents & they clearly favor domestic firms like Apple in matters of subjudice but unlike CN they have real inventions coming out from the US & what have you got with the largest number of tech grads in the world - a xerox factory that could rival/outnumber the PLA something like 10:1
R0H1T, you're so clueless. China is only second to the United States in advanced sciences. I could fill this thread with hundreds of Chinese technological advances. If I post ten more, will you quiet down?
"A scientist carrying the journals Science and Nature"
China publishes the second most scientific papers in international journals in 2010: report
"China publishes the second most scientific papers in international journals in 2010: report
English.news.cn 2011-12-02 16:13:54
BEIJING, Dec. 2 (Xinhua) -- A report published on Friday revealed that in 2010 the Chinese mainland published 121,500 academic papers on science and technology in major international journals, accounting for 8.6 percent of the world's total.
The statistics are based on a survey of papers indexed by renowned international databases such as the Science Citation Index (SCI) and the Engineering Index (Ei), according to the report issued by the Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (ISTIC) under the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Moreover, the number of Chinese theses published in the world's 173 highest-rated publications -- including Science and Nature -- reached 5,203 last year, the second most in the world, the report said.
From 2005 to 2010, this figure has increased at an annual average rate of 23.3 percent, higher than the growth rate of the sheer volume of the SCI-indexed papers, the report said.
These figures indicate that the quality and influence of Chinese scientific papers are rising remarkably, the report said.
The report also revealed that last year China published 530,600 papers in about 2,000 domestic science and technology journals.
However, the report warned that the number of average citations of each Chinese scientific paper, a benchmark for the merit of research papers, remains at a lower level.
In 2011, the average citations per paper is 6.21, an increase by 5.8 percent on a year-on-year basis, though still far below the world's average of 10.71, the report said.
According to the report, Chinese research papers in the fields of chemistry, material science, engineering and mathematics are among the most-cited papers in the world."
Martian2
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Huawei Smart AX M5300. The Smart AX MA5300 platform has been instrumental to Huawei's success in the global DSLAM (digital subscriber line access multiplexer) market, but the MA5600 series, designed to support more bandwidth-intensive services such as triple/quad play, is the company's flagship DSLAM.
Huawei Unveils Industry’s First Giga DSL Prototype | Vadvert - UK Paid Press Release Distribution Service
"Huawei Unveils Industrys First Giga DSL Prototype
Mariah Lawson on 12 19, 2011
Can Achieve Access Rate of One Gbps per Twisted Pair
Shenzhen, China, Huawei, a leading global information and communications technology (ICT) provider, today announced that it successfully launched the industrys first Giga DSL (Digital Subscriber line) prototype. The Giga DSL system employs time division duplex (TDD) to achieve a total upstream and downstream rate of 1,000 Mb/s over a single twisted pair.
In order to address obstacles related to limited bandwidth of FTTB (Fiber to the Building)/FTTC(Fiber to the Curb) and difficulty in deploying FTTH (Fiber to the Home) drop cables so that users can enjoy bandwidth-hungry services such as IPTV and HDTV optical fiber access points need to be located closer to users. While, 100 Mbp/s-plus ultra-broadband access can be made available relatively quickly by utilizing legacy copper line resources, providing 1,000 Mbp/s bandwidth within 100 meters of twisted pairs using DSL technology is more complex.
By using low-power spectral density in-signal transmission, Huaweis Giga DSL prototype reduces radiation interference and power consumption, and provides a total upstream and downstream rate of one Gb/s within 100 meters, and 500 Mb/s-plus within 200 meters making it a cost-effective option for telecom operators building ultra-broadband access networks.
Giga DSL is a next-generation access technology solution that's growing quickly. In 2011, ITU-T set up a G.fast project team dedicated to formulating new standards for ultra-speed access at short distances, the aim being to achieve 500 Mb/s access rate per twisted pair within 100 meters. Huawei has actively participated in the work of the team and has become a major technical contributor, having recently worked to incorporate TDD-OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) as a G.fast modulation mode.
Dr. Long Guozhu, Huaweis Principal Expert of DSL technology, said, Huawei has taken the lead in developing a Giga DSL prototype because of our rich capabilities and industry-leading technical strengths in access networks. It was inevitable that spectrum expansion would help us improve the rate of a twisted pair at a short distance, but after the spectrum is expanded, a technical issue appears: how to design the high-speed physical layer and high-frequency analog front end (AFE). To tackle this issue, Huaweis FBB Innovation Lab used the core solution TDD-OFDM, which simplifies the physical-layer architecture and the AFE design, while at the same time makes it possible to be downward compatible with traditional ADSL/VDSL2 technologies.
Huawei also recently announced the successful development of the worlds first node level vectoring (NLV) prototype. Huaweis vectoring product provides 100 Mbps access over a single twisted pair in FTTC/FTTB, and has been tested and commercially trialed with many leading telecom operators. This, along with the companys latest prototype, Giga DSL, signifies that DSL technology still has great potential to meet the requirements of broadband users for ultra-high-speed access in the future.
Huaweis advances within Giga DSL will enhance the capabilities of the companys SingleFAN broadband access solution. Its SingleFAN solution and related offerings are now servicing over one third of the worlds broadband users with ultra-broadband access services."
[Note: Picture source link: http://www.n9ws.com/users/damien/tutos/degroupage.htm. Caption source link: Huawei - SmartAX MA5300 (Product Advisor) - Market Research Reports - Research and Markets.]
Martian2
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Giant Casimir Effect Predicted Inside Metamaterials* - Technology Review
"Giant Casimir Effect Predicted Inside Metamaterials
Exotic materials should lead to new ways of observing and playing with one of the strangest effects in physics, say Chinese physicists
kfc 12/05/2011
Metamaterials are exotic substances designed to steer electromagnetic waves in ways that are impossible with ordinary stuff. One of their more exciting properties is that they can bend light in a way that is mathematically equivalent to the way spacetime bends light.
This formal equivalence means that metamaterials can reproduce in the lab the exact behaviour of light, not only in our spacetime, but in many others that have only been conjectured until now. This allows physicists to use metamaterials to simulate black holes, big bangs and even multiverses.
Today, Tian-Ming Zhao and Rong-Xin Miao at the University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei use this kind of thinking to make a startling prediction about the Casimir effect inside certain metamaterials.
The Casimir effect arises because our vacuum is filled with a maelstrom of waves that leap in and out of existence at the smallest scales. The best known consequence of this is the well known Casimir force, which pushes together two conducting plates placed close together.
The explanation is that when the distance between the plates is small enough, it can exclude any waves that are too big to fit in the gap. Since there is nothing between the plates to oppose the effect of these waves, they generate a force that pushes the plates together.
This Casimir force operates on a tiny scale, so small that it was only measured for the first time in 1997. But it is not insignificant. At a separation of 10nm, the force is equivalent to 1 atmosphere (although the actual force depends on various factors such as the precise shape of the objects in close proximity).
Of course, the properties of the vacuum waves depend strongly on the medium in which they exist. So it's not hard to imagine that different spacetimes might have a significant impact on the size of the Casimir effect.
This is exactly what Zhao and Miao show. They say that in a particular kind of electromagnetic space called a Rindler space, the Casimir effect is huge. The essential idea here is that the space can be designed to allow only certain wavelengths to operate. If the electromagnetic properties of the Rindler space are matched to the ambient temperature, then these kinds of thermal waves can be made to dominate the Casimir energy.
That makes the Casimir energy huge. Zhao and Miao calculate that in a lab at 300K (room temperature), the Casimir energy would be some 10^11 times bigger than the free space value. That's a significant difference that ought to make these effects accessible in an entirely new way to a much broader audience.
Zhao and Miao also say that this kind of material ought to be relatively straightforward to build, layer by layer.
What that means is that it won't be long before somebody builds this kind of material and shows off the giant Casimir effect for the first time. We'll be watching.
Ref: arxiv.org/abs/1110.1919: Huge Casimir Effect At Finite Temperature In Electromagnetic Rindler Space"
"Giant Casimir Effect Predicted Inside Metamaterials
Exotic materials should lead to new ways of observing and playing with one of the strangest effects in physics, say Chinese physicists
kfc 12/05/2011
Metamaterials are exotic substances designed to steer electromagnetic waves in ways that are impossible with ordinary stuff. One of their more exciting properties is that they can bend light in a way that is mathematically equivalent to the way spacetime bends light.
This formal equivalence means that metamaterials can reproduce in the lab the exact behaviour of light, not only in our spacetime, but in many others that have only been conjectured until now. This allows physicists to use metamaterials to simulate black holes, big bangs and even multiverses.
Today, Tian-Ming Zhao and Rong-Xin Miao at the University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei use this kind of thinking to make a startling prediction about the Casimir effect inside certain metamaterials.
The Casimir effect arises because our vacuum is filled with a maelstrom of waves that leap in and out of existence at the smallest scales. The best known consequence of this is the well known Casimir force, which pushes together two conducting plates placed close together.
The explanation is that when the distance between the plates is small enough, it can exclude any waves that are too big to fit in the gap. Since there is nothing between the plates to oppose the effect of these waves, they generate a force that pushes the plates together.
This Casimir force operates on a tiny scale, so small that it was only measured for the first time in 1997. But it is not insignificant. At a separation of 10nm, the force is equivalent to 1 atmosphere (although the actual force depends on various factors such as the precise shape of the objects in close proximity).
Of course, the properties of the vacuum waves depend strongly on the medium in which they exist. So it's not hard to imagine that different spacetimes might have a significant impact on the size of the Casimir effect.
This is exactly what Zhao and Miao show. They say that in a particular kind of electromagnetic space called a Rindler space, the Casimir effect is huge. The essential idea here is that the space can be designed to allow only certain wavelengths to operate. If the electromagnetic properties of the Rindler space are matched to the ambient temperature, then these kinds of thermal waves can be made to dominate the Casimir energy.
That makes the Casimir energy huge. Zhao and Miao calculate that in a lab at 300K (room temperature), the Casimir energy would be some 10^11 times bigger than the free space value. That's a significant difference that ought to make these effects accessible in an entirely new way to a much broader audience.
Zhao and Miao also say that this kind of material ought to be relatively straightforward to build, layer by layer.
What that means is that it won't be long before somebody builds this kind of material and shows off the giant Casimir effect for the first time. We'll be watching.
Ref: arxiv.org/abs/1110.1919: Huge Casimir Effect At Finite Temperature In Electromagnetic Rindler Space"
Martian2
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The Chinese scientific discovery is notable for detecting liver cancer that uses only a few microRNAs (e.g. seven microRNAs), reliable (e.g. 90% correlation), sensitive (e.g. MUST be able to detect liver tumors that are less than two centimeters in diameter), convenient (e.g. a trivial 1 milliliter sample of the patient's blood), AND affordable (e.g. 15.9 U.S. dollars per test). Also, it is published in a reputable scientific journal (e.g. been peer-reviewed).
MicroRNA is a class of small non-coding RNA profoundly involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation and recently implicated in human carcinogenesis. We are also interested to study the expression profiles, epigenetic alterations and molecular functions of microRNAs and their roles in liver cancer development and metastasis. Our recent studies particularly focus on delineating the interplay between miRNA and epigenetic machinery and how deregulation of this epigenetic-miRNA regulatory circuit is implicated in liver cancer progression and metastasis.
Chinese doctors find way to detect liver cancer earlier - Xinhua | English.news.cn
"Chinese doctors find way to detect liver cancer earlier
English.news.cn 2011-12-19 19:15:30
SHANGHAI, Dec. 19 (Xinhua) -- A simple test using just one milliliter of a patient's blood can tell whether the patient has liver cancer -- even if the tumor is less than two centimeters in diameter, new medical research in Shanghai shows.
Doctors at the Zhongshan Hospital, a major medical institution affiliated with Fudan University, have found that seven microRNAs, or ribonucleic acid molecules, are strongly related to liver problems. This discovery can raise the accuracy of tests for early-stage liver cancer to almost 90 percent.
Each test will cost a patient only about 100 yuan (15.9 U.S. dollars), said Dr. Fan Jia, vice president of the hospital and one of the country's leading liver surgeons.
The research results have been published on the website of the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
China sees half of the world's new liver cancer cases each year. More than 60 percent of Chinese liver cancer patients are diagnosed too late to be cured, according to the medical paper written by Fan's team.
Fan said that the current check for liver cancer, which is based on the volume of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in blood, was not accurate for some people, including pregnant women and patients with hepatitis, gonadal carcinoma or gastrointestinal cancer, as their AFP levels are also possibly high.
Fan's team examined blood samples from 934 people, including healthy people and those with hepatitis B, cirrhosis or liver cancer between 2008 and 2010. The team found that seven of the more than 130 microRNAs in their blood were closely linked to liver problems, and could, therefore, be used to test the health of a person's liver.
The team is applying for patents for the test in China, the United States, Japan and the European Union, and is still in the process of developing a microchip containing the seven microRNAs before the test will be adopted on a large scale.
Editor: Deng Shasha"
[Note: Credit for photo and caption belongs to Dr. Jack Wong, The University of Hong Kong. Source: Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong - Staff - Dr Jack Wong]
MicroRNA is a class of small non-coding RNA profoundly involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation and recently implicated in human carcinogenesis. We are also interested to study the expression profiles, epigenetic alterations and molecular functions of microRNAs and their roles in liver cancer development and metastasis. Our recent studies particularly focus on delineating the interplay between miRNA and epigenetic machinery and how deregulation of this epigenetic-miRNA regulatory circuit is implicated in liver cancer progression and metastasis.
Chinese doctors find way to detect liver cancer earlier - Xinhua | English.news.cn
"Chinese doctors find way to detect liver cancer earlier
English.news.cn 2011-12-19 19:15:30
SHANGHAI, Dec. 19 (Xinhua) -- A simple test using just one milliliter of a patient's blood can tell whether the patient has liver cancer -- even if the tumor is less than two centimeters in diameter, new medical research in Shanghai shows.
Doctors at the Zhongshan Hospital, a major medical institution affiliated with Fudan University, have found that seven microRNAs, or ribonucleic acid molecules, are strongly related to liver problems. This discovery can raise the accuracy of tests for early-stage liver cancer to almost 90 percent.
Each test will cost a patient only about 100 yuan (15.9 U.S. dollars), said Dr. Fan Jia, vice president of the hospital and one of the country's leading liver surgeons.
The research results have been published on the website of the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
China sees half of the world's new liver cancer cases each year. More than 60 percent of Chinese liver cancer patients are diagnosed too late to be cured, according to the medical paper written by Fan's team.
Fan said that the current check for liver cancer, which is based on the volume of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in blood, was not accurate for some people, including pregnant women and patients with hepatitis, gonadal carcinoma or gastrointestinal cancer, as their AFP levels are also possibly high.
Fan's team examined blood samples from 934 people, including healthy people and those with hepatitis B, cirrhosis or liver cancer between 2008 and 2010. The team found that seven of the more than 130 microRNAs in their blood were closely linked to liver problems, and could, therefore, be used to test the health of a person's liver.
The team is applying for patents for the test in China, the United States, Japan and the European Union, and is still in the process of developing a microchip containing the seven microRNAs before the test will be adopted on a large scale.
Editor: Deng Shasha"
[Note: Credit for photo and caption belongs to Dr. Jack Wong, The University of Hong Kong. Source: Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong - Staff - Dr Jack Wong]
Martian2
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Quantum computing: Setting the pace : featured highlight : NPG Asia Materials
"Quantum computing: Setting the pace
NPG Asia Materials featured highlight | doi:10.1038/asiamat.2011.184
Published online 12 December 2011
A storage mechanism for entangled photons with narrow wavelength distribution is another major step toward memory devices for quantum computers.
While commonplace in conventional computers, storage of data in memory has persisted as one of the main obstacles to the construction of a viable light-based quantum computer. The issue is not only to keep photons in one place, but also to maintain a specific quantum state throughout. Researchers from the University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei in collaboration with colleagues in Germany and Austria have now demonstrated a system that allows photons to be entangled and stored in a manner suitable for quantum computing[1].
A schematic illustration of the proposed quantum information storage scheme
© 2011 NPG
For two photons to be used for a quantum computing operation, they need to be entangled, meaning they are given the same quantum state. One of the most convenient ways of producing entangled photons is to use a suitable non-linear optical crystal that converts a high-energy photon into two photons that then share the same quantum state. The problem, however, is to store the entangled state for a sufficiently long period of time.
In the newly proposed scheme (see image), the crystal generating the entangled photons is placed between two mirrors. Interference effects caused by the photons bouncing back and forth between the mirrors ensure that the photons are produced with a very narrow distribution of wavelengths, which is an important requirement for quantum computers.
Storage of the photons is achieved using a cloud of ultracold rubidium gas atoms, where the wavelength of the single photon is matched to the energy transition of the rubidium atoms. By exciting the atomic gas using a laser control pulse so that it undergoes another energy transition with the same excited state as the original photon, the interaction between the photon and the atomic gas slows down the photon as it passes through the gas cloud without destroying the photons original quantum state.
The researchers demonstrated quantum storage of up to one microsecond, determined by the duration of the laser control pulse a five-fold improvement on previous storage schemes. Although the storage time still needs to be extended further for this scheme to be used as quantum memory, this new approach holds considerable promise for improvement and represents a key step toward practical information storage in quantum computers.
Reference
1. Zhang, H.[1], Jin, X.-M.[1], Yang, J.[1], Dai, H.-N.[1], Yang, S.-J.[1], Zhao, T.-M.[1], Rui, J.[1], He, Y.[1], Jiang, X.[1], Yang, F.[2], Pan, G.-S.[1], Yuan, Z.-S.[1], Deng, Y.[1], Chen, Z.-B.[1], Bao, X.-H.[1], Chen, S.[1], Zhao, B.[3] & Pan, J.-W.[1] Preparation and storage of frequency-uncorrelated entangled photons from cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric downconversion. Nature Photonics 5, 628 (2011). | article
Author affiliation
1. Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
2. Institute of Physics, University of Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 12, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
3. Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria"
[Note: All of the researchers are ethnically Chinese.]
"Quantum computing: Setting the pace
NPG Asia Materials featured highlight | doi:10.1038/asiamat.2011.184
Published online 12 December 2011
A storage mechanism for entangled photons with narrow wavelength distribution is another major step toward memory devices for quantum computers.
While commonplace in conventional computers, storage of data in memory has persisted as one of the main obstacles to the construction of a viable light-based quantum computer. The issue is not only to keep photons in one place, but also to maintain a specific quantum state throughout. Researchers from the University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei in collaboration with colleagues in Germany and Austria have now demonstrated a system that allows photons to be entangled and stored in a manner suitable for quantum computing[1].
A schematic illustration of the proposed quantum information storage scheme
© 2011 NPG
For two photons to be used for a quantum computing operation, they need to be entangled, meaning they are given the same quantum state. One of the most convenient ways of producing entangled photons is to use a suitable non-linear optical crystal that converts a high-energy photon into two photons that then share the same quantum state. The problem, however, is to store the entangled state for a sufficiently long period of time.
In the newly proposed scheme (see image), the crystal generating the entangled photons is placed between two mirrors. Interference effects caused by the photons bouncing back and forth between the mirrors ensure that the photons are produced with a very narrow distribution of wavelengths, which is an important requirement for quantum computers.
Storage of the photons is achieved using a cloud of ultracold rubidium gas atoms, where the wavelength of the single photon is matched to the energy transition of the rubidium atoms. By exciting the atomic gas using a laser control pulse so that it undergoes another energy transition with the same excited state as the original photon, the interaction between the photon and the atomic gas slows down the photon as it passes through the gas cloud without destroying the photons original quantum state.
The researchers demonstrated quantum storage of up to one microsecond, determined by the duration of the laser control pulse a five-fold improvement on previous storage schemes. Although the storage time still needs to be extended further for this scheme to be used as quantum memory, this new approach holds considerable promise for improvement and represents a key step toward practical information storage in quantum computers.
Reference
1. Zhang, H.[1], Jin, X.-M.[1], Yang, J.[1], Dai, H.-N.[1], Yang, S.-J.[1], Zhao, T.-M.[1], Rui, J.[1], He, Y.[1], Jiang, X.[1], Yang, F.[2], Pan, G.-S.[1], Yuan, Z.-S.[1], Deng, Y.[1], Chen, Z.-B.[1], Bao, X.-H.[1], Chen, S.[1], Zhao, B.[3] & Pan, J.-W.[1] Preparation and storage of frequency-uncorrelated entangled photons from cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric downconversion. Nature Photonics 5, 628 (2011). | article
Author affiliation
1. Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
2. Institute of Physics, University of Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 12, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
3. Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria"
[Note: All of the researchers are ethnically Chinese.]
I've got no intention of carrying on this debate if the other side doesn't understand the crux of the matter btw I could post thousands of links wrt to Chinese trade/currency manipulation so remind me what has science journals go to do with unfair trade practices ? What you've posted is related to the generic term scientific research so FYI CN has the largest number of science graduates & post grads in the world(correct me if I'm wrong) thereby its logical to think that they'll publish more studies than IND ! AFAIK Huawei/ZTE are the only major tech(hardware) corps from the mainland but what I'm debating here is the unfair advantage that their govt provides by facilitating in IP theft as highlighted by many articles in circulation besides the avg CN admits to & gloats of that even on these forums so what's your point ? Lastly you can only give so much when you have the means to do so but the Chinese have gained them through their malpractices which they aren't willing to forgo anytime soon hence if you wanna counter that be my guest & start a new thread for I won't respond if there isn't a misinformed post from here onwards !
Martian2
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Magnetoresistance: Silicon joins the party : featured highlight : NPG Asia Materials
"Magnetoresistance: Silicon joins the party
NPG Asia Materials featured highlight | doi:10.1038/asiamat.2011.182
Published online 05 December 2011
Magnetoresistance in silicon can be enhanced to match that of commercial devices by designing appropriate device geometries.
Photograph of a silicon-based magnetoresistive element
© 2011 NPG
Giant magnetoresistance, which allows electrical resistance to be varied by relatively small magnetic fields, has had a huge impact on everyday technology, with widespread use in information storage and magnetic field sensing. Xiaozhong Zhang and colleagues from Tsinghua University in China have now demonstrated that it is possible to enhance inhomogeneous magnetoresistance (IMR) in silicon devices to levels comparable to that of conventional rare-earth-based technologies[1].
Most magnetoresistance-based devices are made from rare earth materials, which are expensive and in limited supply. The use of semiconductors like silicon as magnetoresistive components would not only lower costs but also allow ready integration with existing semiconductor technology. Magnetoresistance has recently been observed in non-magnetic semiconductors like silicon, and has been mainly attributed to charge inhomogeneities.
Silcon-based IMR devices could be easily integrated into silicon chips, says Zhang. They would endow present electronics with new operational modes based on the interplay between the electronics and the magnetic response, or magnetoelectronics.
The device developed by Zhangs team has a silicon active element and four indium electrodes for current injection and voltage drop measurements (see image). Injecting carriers can change the relative amount of electrons and holes and move the boundary between the two. When such a boundary is approximately in the middle of the device, the resistance reaches values close to 200% higher than usual and is very sensitive to small magnetic fields. As Zhang explains, the two factors could be combined to integrate low-field sensing and high-field sensing together in one device.
According to simulations, the IMR has two contributions: a difference in mobility between charges across the junction, and the role of the boundary in distorting the current path under a magnetic field. Most importantly, such distortion can be affected by the geometry of the contacts, and increases with the ratio between the width of the sample and the distance between the electrodes used to measure the voltage drop. This was verified by realizing a device with a width-to-length ratio of 120, which produced a magnetoresistance gain of up to 5,000%. Further optimization of the geometry is expected to increase the magnetoresistance even further, making silicon a promising alternative to rare earths for use in magnetoresistive devices.
Reference
1. Wan, C., Zhang, X., Gao, X., Wang, J. & Tan, X. Geometrical enhancement of low-field magnetoresistance in silicon. Nature 477, 304 (2011). | article
Author affiliation
Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, and Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"
[Note: It is ironic that a Chinese scientific advancement will lessen demand for China's rare earths.]
"Magnetoresistance: Silicon joins the party
NPG Asia Materials featured highlight | doi:10.1038/asiamat.2011.182
Published online 05 December 2011
Magnetoresistance in silicon can be enhanced to match that of commercial devices by designing appropriate device geometries.
Photograph of a silicon-based magnetoresistive element
© 2011 NPG
Giant magnetoresistance, which allows electrical resistance to be varied by relatively small magnetic fields, has had a huge impact on everyday technology, with widespread use in information storage and magnetic field sensing. Xiaozhong Zhang and colleagues from Tsinghua University in China have now demonstrated that it is possible to enhance inhomogeneous magnetoresistance (IMR) in silicon devices to levels comparable to that of conventional rare-earth-based technologies[1].
Most magnetoresistance-based devices are made from rare earth materials, which are expensive and in limited supply. The use of semiconductors like silicon as magnetoresistive components would not only lower costs but also allow ready integration with existing semiconductor technology. Magnetoresistance has recently been observed in non-magnetic semiconductors like silicon, and has been mainly attributed to charge inhomogeneities.
Silcon-based IMR devices could be easily integrated into silicon chips, says Zhang. They would endow present electronics with new operational modes based on the interplay between the electronics and the magnetic response, or magnetoelectronics.
The device developed by Zhangs team has a silicon active element and four indium electrodes for current injection and voltage drop measurements (see image). Injecting carriers can change the relative amount of electrons and holes and move the boundary between the two. When such a boundary is approximately in the middle of the device, the resistance reaches values close to 200% higher than usual and is very sensitive to small magnetic fields. As Zhang explains, the two factors could be combined to integrate low-field sensing and high-field sensing together in one device.
According to simulations, the IMR has two contributions: a difference in mobility between charges across the junction, and the role of the boundary in distorting the current path under a magnetic field. Most importantly, such distortion can be affected by the geometry of the contacts, and increases with the ratio between the width of the sample and the distance between the electrodes used to measure the voltage drop. This was verified by realizing a device with a width-to-length ratio of 120, which produced a magnetoresistance gain of up to 5,000%. Further optimization of the geometry is expected to increase the magnetoresistance even further, making silicon a promising alternative to rare earths for use in magnetoresistive devices.
Reference
1. Wan, C., Zhang, X., Gao, X., Wang, J. & Tan, X. Geometrical enhancement of low-field magnetoresistance in silicon. Nature 477, 304 (2011). | article
Author affiliation
Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, and Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"
[Note: It is ironic that a Chinese scientific advancement will lessen demand for China's rare earths.]
shuntmaster
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True.. and also that Africa is full of natural resources which needs exploiting and China needs those resources to make its own people more rich.
Martian2
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R0H1T, I did warn you that I would punish you with more discussion on India if you maintained your anti-China trolling and kept going off-topic from China-Africa affairs in this thread. Here comes more blowblack.
India's real 2010 GDP is $1.49 trillion
Forget the IMF numbers. India's rupee has collapsed by 20% in the meantime and it's still falling. Let's update India's current nominal GDP.
For 2010, India's economy was 78.8 trillion rupees (see India's Economy at 80 trillion Rupees and should be at US$ 2 trillion in 2012).
The current exchange rate is 53 Indian rupees per 1 U.S. dollar. It used to be 44 Indian rupees per U.S. dollar, but that was four months ago in August (see Exchange Rates Graph (American Dollar, Indian Rupee) - 120 days - x-rates).
Indian rupee has fallen from 44 to 53 per U.S. dollar in only four months. Indian economic fundamentals are terrible and the consensus is that the rupee will keep falling, possibly to 60 rupees per U.S. dollar.
Using today's exchange rate, India's 2010 GDP is:
78.8 trillion rupees / 52.9375 rupees per U.S. dollar = $1.49 trillion dollars
There are times when you can't rely on IMF data, because the world has changed. India's 2010 GDP is only $1.5 trillion U.S. dollars, not the old $1.63 trillion from the IMF. Also, you should ignore all future GDP projections for India in the current chart. They are all grossly inaccurate. The error is in the hundreds of billions of dollars. Wait one or two years until the IMF corrects their inaccuracies for India's GDP projections.
shuntmaster
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Because we are the Communists, if we become rich, then everyone else also should become rich.
Also, to make the grounds for making yourself richer by exploiting the African resources.
What the Europeans did by colonising, the Chinese will do by monopolising the trade with Africa.
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