Balochistan’s accession to Pakistan | Debunking Lies Spread by Agenda Driven Media & Foreign Proxies

[KhanSahib]

To prevent the innocent youth of Pakistan from being radicalized into terrorism by liberals, leftist academics & ethnic nationalists on media or university campuses, it’s important to bust such falsifications of history, as being done here by Sardar Akhtar Mengal.

Being a Baloch, I find it abhorrent that nationalists use myths & manufactured history to turn the youth away from serving our own state. Firstly, there was no Balochistan state then & there was no princely state or parliament representing present-day Balochistan in 1947.

Balochistan’s area at the time of partition in 1947 consisted of Gwadar ruled by Oman & 5 units of Balochistan Agency:

1. British Chief Commissioner’s Balochistan
2. Princely State of Kharan.
3. Princely State of Lasbela.
4. Princely State of Makran.
5. Princely State of Kalat

Balochistan Agency was created to colonize Balochistan in 1877 after Treaty of Mastung 1854 Treaty of Kalat 1875 Treaty of Jacobabad 1876 These treaties were negotiated so cleverly by Sir Robert Sandeman that he’s called ‘Peaceful Conquerer of Baluchistan’ by A.L.P. Tucker.

By signing these 3 treaties KhaneKalat had effectively lost political control outside Kalat State by 1877 & accepted British Political Agent as the ultimate arbitrator in disputes amongst Baloch sardars. In return for payment & military support against Afghan incursions.

Khan of Kalat, Nawabs of Makran & Kharan & Jam of Lasbela were called to the Royal Delhi Durbar of 1903 in recognition of their status as princely states. Nawabs of Sarawan & Jhalawan never received this invitation or titles since they’re considered under the suzerainty of Kalat.

11 Aug 1947 when Khan of Kalat signed a Standstill AG with Jinnah to negotiate terms of accession Kharan, Makran, Lasbela categorically rejected Kalat’s claims of suzerainty. Jinnah signed in good faith expecting all states to ultimately accede. Mountbatten refused to sign.

Chief Commissioner’s Balochistan overwhelmingly voted for accession to #Pakistan at ‘Shahi Jirga’ in Quetta after a spirited campaign by Qazi M Essa head of Baluchistan Provincial Muslim League. He not only rallied people in Baluchistan but also in KPK to vote for Pakistan.

The Princely State of Kharan was ruled by Mir Habibullah Khan Nowsherwani who favoured accession to Pakistan so highly that he wrote to Quaid e Azam lamenting delays in Kharan’s merger with Pakistan & proclaimed: “People of Kharan are independent from Kalat & will die for Pakistan.”

The Princely State of Lasbela was ruled by Jam Ghulam Qadir Khan, grandfather of current CM #Balochistan Jam Kamal. He also repeatedly wrote to Quaid a Azam regarding pressure politics of Khan of Kalat after British rule ended & demanded a quick accession of Lasbela to Pakistan.

The Princely State of Makran was ruled by Nawab Bai Khan Gichki who insisted on Quaid e Azam to accept an immediate accession of Makran to Pakistan & upon delays, grew impatient & threatened that: “If Pakistan doesn’t accept Makran’s accession soon, then we may approach others.”

Princely State of Kalat mere 26% of today’s province of Balochistan was ruled by Mir Ahmed Yar Khan who was close to Quaid e Azam, his legal adviser. Kalat had a nominated parliament dominated by pro Congress & anti Muslim League politicians of Kalat State National Party.

Khan of Kalat knew that independence wasn’t an option for him & princely states were to eventually choose b/w accession to Pakistan/India & accession to India wasn’t feasible due to the geography. He negotiated with Quaid e Azam to get max influence upon accession to Pakistan.

After Standstill agreement, Khan e Kalat asked Kalat’s parliament to vote on accession where politicians of Kalat State National Party Malik Saeed Khan Dehwar, Gul Khan Naseer, Alijah Ghous Bux Mengal, Ghous Bux Bizenjo allied with Indian Congress & voted against accession.

Khan of Kalat refused to ratify this vote of Kalat’s houses of parliament, instead lobbied for accession to Pakistan, while attempting to use this vote in negotiations with Quaid e Azam as leverage to maximise his own influence in any future political setup as part of Pakistan.

These negotiating tactics by Khan e Kalat delayed the accession to Pakistan till Feb 1948. It disappointed Quaid e Azam in Ahmed Yar Khan & he eventually accepted pending accession requests of Kharan Lasbela & Makran. It isolated Kalat being landlocked in the middle of Balochistan.

On top of Kalat’s isolation, on 27th March 1948 an All India Radio Broadcast announced: “Kalat requested accession to India, which Nehru has rejected” This humiliated Khan of Kalat, he denied making such a request & hurriedly announced Kalat state’s accession to Pakistan.

Another gross misrepresentation of historical facts by nationalists is that Ahmed Yar Khan signed Kalat’s accession to Pakistan under Pakistan Army’s gunpoint! He was indeed arrested, not in 1948 but on 6 Oct 1958, after his public opposition to the One-Unit by Ayub Khan Govt.

But in 1948 not only was KhaneKalat not arrested, but he was also honoured by Pakistan with a royal title & appointed as the ceremonial ‘KhaneAzam’ of a newly created Tribal Council of Balochistan called Balochistan States Union comprising states of Kharan, Makran, Lasbela & Kalat.

Nationalist leaders of Kalat, Mir Ghous Bux Bizenjo, Mir Gul Khan Naseer & Mir Ahmed Yar Khan himself have written books & they haven’t even remotely alluded to the accession as being forced in any way. KhaneKalat’s family themselves linked his decision to a dream of his.

Balochistan’s accession to Pakistan | Busting Myths & Propaganda by Foreign Proxies

Source:

• [1] Mir Ghous Bux Bizenjo, In Search of Solutions An Autobiography, Edited by B.M Kutty.
• [2] Mir Gul Khan Naseer, Tarikhe Balochistan, Quetta.
• [3] Mir Ahmed Yar Khan, Inside Baluchistan: Political Autobiography of Khan-e-Azam.
• [4] People of Pakistan: An Ethnic History, Yuri V Gankovsky
• [5] Back to the Future Khanate of Kalat & Genesis of Balochistan, Martin Axmann.
• [6] Accession of Kalat, Professor Dushku Sayyid Wolfson College University of Cambridge.
• [7] Balochistan Problem, by Imtiaz Ali.
• [8] History of Baloch Race & Balochistan by Sardar Mohammad K Baluch.
• [9] Problem of Greater Baluchistan by Inayatullah Baluch.
• [10] Searchlights on Baloch & Balochistan, by Mir Khuda Buksh Baloch.
• [11] Baloch Nationalism: Origins & Development, Taj Mohammad Breseeg
• [12] Good for one but not the other: The Sandman System, by Christian Tripodi
• [13] Sir Robert Sandeman: Peaceful Conqueror of Balochistan by ALP Tucker.
• [14] Baloch in Search of Identity, by Naimatullah Gichki.

=====================
Disclaimer: This article is from a compilation of a series of tweets by @KhurramDehwar.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1257715339162529792

 

[Dalit]

Superb counter narrative. Historical facts that cannot be denied.

 

[Hyde]

Thank you for this amazing post. It cleared some of my misconceptions aso

 

[peagle]

To prevent the innocent youth of Pakistan from being radicalized into terrorism by liberals, leftist academics & ethnic nationalists on media or university campuses, it’s important to bust such falsifications of history, as being done here by Sardar Akhtar Mengal.

Being a Baloch, I find it abhorrent that nationalists use myths & manufactured history to turn the youth away from serving our own state. Firstly, there was no Balochistan state then & there was no princely state or parliament representing present-day Balochistan in 1947.

Balochistan’s area at the time of partition in 1947 consisted of Gwadar ruled by Oman & 5 units of Balochistan Agency:

1. British Chief Commissioner’s Balochistan
2. Princely State of Kharan.
3. Princely State of Lasbela.
4. Princely State of Makran.
5. Princely State of Kalat

Balochistan Agency was created to colonize Balochistan in 1877 after Treaty of Mastung 1854 Treaty of Kalat 1875 Treaty of Jacobabad 1876 These treaties were negotiated so cleverly by Sir Robert Sandeman that he’s called ‘Peaceful Conquerer of Baluchistan’ by A.L.P. Tucker.

By signing these 3 treaties KhaneKalat had effectively lost political control outside Kalat State by 1877 & accepted British Political Agent as the ultimate arbitrator in disputes amongst Baloch sardars. In return for payment & military support against Afghan incursions.

Khan of Kalat, Nawabs of Makran & Kharan & Jam of Lasbela were called to the Royal Delhi Durbar of 1903 in recognition of their status as princely states. Nawabs of Sarawan & Jhalawan never received this invitation or titles since they’re considered under the suzerainty of Kalat.

11 Aug 1947 when Khan of Kalat signed a Standstill AG with Jinnah to negotiate terms of accession Kharan, Makran, Lasbela categorically rejected Kalat’s claims of suzerainty. Jinnah signed in good faith expecting all states to ultimately accede. Mountbatten refused to sign.

Chief Commissioner’s Balochistan overwhelmingly voted for accession to #Pakistan at ‘Shahi Jirga’ in Quetta after a spirited campaign by Qazi M Essa head of Baluchistan Provincial Muslim League. He not only rallied people in Baluchistan but also in KPK to vote for Pakistan.

The Princely State of Kharan was ruled by Mir Habibullah Khan Nowsherwani who favoured accession to Pakistan so highly that he wrote to Quaid e Azam lamenting delays in Kharan’s merger with Pakistan & proclaimed: “People of Kharan are independent from Kalat & will die for Pakistan.”

The Princely State of Lasbela was ruled by Jam Ghulam Qadir Khan, grandfather of current CM #Balochistan Jam Kamal. He also repeatedly wrote to Quaid a Azam regarding pressure politics of Khan of Kalat after British rule ended & demanded a quick accession of Lasbela to Pakistan.

The Princely State of Makran was ruled by Nawab Bai Khan Gichki who insisted on Quaid e Azam to accept an immediate accession of Makran to Pakistan & upon delays, grew impatient & threatened that: “If Pakistan doesn’t accept Makran’s accession soon, then we may approach others.”

Princely State of Kalat mere 26% of today’s province of Balochistan was ruled by Mir Ahmed Yar Khan who was close to Quaid e Azam, his legal adviser. Kalat had a nominated parliament dominated by pro Congress & anti Muslim League politicians of Kalat State National Party.

Khan of Kalat knew that independence wasn’t an option for him & princely states were to eventually choose b/w accession to Pakistan/India & accession to India wasn’t feasible due to the geography. He negotiated with Quaid e Azam to get max influence upon accession to Pakistan.

After Standstill agreement, Khan e Kalat asked Kalat’s parliament to vote on accession where politicians of Kalat State National Party Malik Saeed Khan Dehwar, Gul Khan Naseer, Alijah Ghous Bux Mengal, Ghous Bux Bizenjo allied with Indian Congress & voted against accession.

Khan of Kalat refused to ratify this vote of Kalat’s houses of parliament, instead lobbied for accession to Pakistan, while attempting to use this vote in negotiations with Quaid e Azam as leverage to maximise his own influence in any future political setup as part of Pakistan.

These negotiating tactics by Khan e Kalat delayed the accession to Pakistan till Feb 1948. It disappointed Quaid e Azam in Ahmed Yar Khan & he eventually accepted pending accession requests of Kharan Lasbela & Makran. It isolated Kalat being landlocked in the middle of Balochistan.

On top of Kalat’s isolation, on 27th March 1948 an All India Radio Broadcast announced: “Kalat requested accession to India, which Nehru has rejected” This humiliated Khan of Kalat, he denied making such a request & hurriedly announced Kalat state’s accession to Pakistan.

Another gross misrepresentation of historical facts by nationalists is that Ahmed Yar Khan signed Kalat’s accession to Pakistan under Pakistan Army’s gunpoint! He was indeed arrested, not in 1948 but on 6 Oct 1958, after his public opposition to the One-Unit by Ayub Khan Govt.

But in 1948 not only was KhaneKalat not arrested, but he was also honoured by Pakistan with a royal title & appointed as the ceremonial ‘KhaneAzam’ of a newly created Tribal Council of Balochistan called Balochistan States Union comprising states of Kharan, Makran, Lasbela & Kalat.

Nationalist leaders of Kalat, Mir Ghous Bux Bizenjo, Mir Gul Khan Naseer & Mir Ahmed Yar Khan himself have written books & they haven’t even remotely alluded to the accession as being forced in any way. KhaneKalat’s family themselves linked his decision to a dream of his.

Balochistan’s accession to Pakistan | Busting Myths & Propaganda by Foreign Proxies

Source:

• [1] Mir Ghous Bux Bizenjo, In Search of Solutions An Autobiography, Edited by B.M Kutty.
• [2] Mir Gul Khan Naseer, Tarikhe Balochistan, Quetta.
• [3] Mir Ahmed Yar Khan, Inside Baluchistan: Political Autobiography of Khan-e-Azam.
• [4] People of Pakistan: An Ethnic History, Yuri V Gankovsky
• [5] Back to the Future Khanate of Kalat & Genesis of Balochistan, Martin Axmann.
• [6] Accession of Kalat, Professor Dushku Sayyid Wolfson College University of Cambridge.
• [7] Balochistan Problem, by Imtiaz Ali.
• [8] History of Baloch Race & Balochistan by Sardar Mohammad K Baluch.
• [9] Problem of Greater Baluchistan by Inayatullah Baluch.
• [10] Searchlights on Baloch & Balochistan, by Mir Khuda Buksh Baloch.
• [11] Baloch Nationalism: Origins & Development, Taj Mohammad Breseeg
• [12] Good for one but not the other: The Sandman System, by Christian Tripodi
• [13] Sir Robert Sandeman: Peaceful Conqueror of Balochistan by ALP Tucker.
• [14] Baloch in Search of Identity, by Naimatullah Gichki.

I don't classify as a youth anymore but I thoroughly enjoyed reading your contribution, I knew some of it already, but wow, thank you, brother, for new-found knowledge, may God bless you and our country

 

[Pan-Islamic-Pakistan]

Great post brother, thanks for putting in the effort to inform us of the facts.

Jazak Allahu khair.

 

[American Pakistani]

Great info.

 

[TNT]

Why our state is failing to educate its youth about history and events? A special focus shobe given to Pakistan studies and revamped and made compulsory throughout Pakistan in every education system.
Its a hybrid warfare and we need to tend to every dimension of this war.

 

[Chakar The Great]

To prevent the innocent youth of Pakistan from being radicalized into terrorism by liberals, leftist academics & ethnic nationalists on media or university campuses, it’s important to bust such falsifications of history, as being done here by Sardar Akhtar Mengal.

Being a Baloch, I find it abhorrent that nationalists use myths & manufactured history to turn the youth away from serving our own state. Firstly, there was no Balochistan state then & there was no princely state or parliament representing present-day Balochistan in 1947.

Balochistan’s area at the time of partition in 1947 consisted of Gwadar ruled by Oman & 5 units of Balochistan Agency:

1. British Chief Commissioner’s Balochistan
2. Princely State of Kharan.
3. Princely State of Lasbela.
4. Princely State of Makran.
5. Princely State of Kalat

Balochistan Agency was created to colonize Balochistan in 1877 after Treaty of Mastung 1854 Treaty of Kalat 1875 Treaty of Jacobabad 1876 These treaties were negotiated so cleverly by Sir Robert Sandeman that he’s called ‘Peaceful Conquerer of Baluchistan’ by A.L.P. Tucker.

By signing these 3 treaties KhaneKalat had effectively lost political control outside Kalat State by 1877 & accepted British Political Agent as the ultimate arbitrator in disputes amongst Baloch sardars. In return for payment & military support against Afghan incursions.

Khan of Kalat, Nawabs of Makran & Kharan & Jam of Lasbela were called to the Royal Delhi Durbar of 1903 in recognition of their status as princely states. Nawabs of Sarawan & Jhalawan never received this invitation or titles since they’re considered under the suzerainty of Kalat.

11 Aug 1947 when Khan of Kalat signed a Standstill AG with Jinnah to negotiate terms of accession Kharan, Makran, Lasbela categorically rejected Kalat’s claims of suzerainty. Jinnah signed in good faith expecting all states to ultimately accede. Mountbatten refused to sign.

Chief Commissioner’s Balochistan overwhelmingly voted for accession to #Pakistan at ‘Shahi Jirga’ in Quetta after a spirited campaign by Qazi M Essa head of Baluchistan Provincial Muslim League. He not only rallied people in Baluchistan but also in KPK to vote for Pakistan.

The Princely State of Kharan was ruled by Mir Habibullah Khan Nowsherwani who favoured accession to Pakistan so highly that he wrote to Quaid e Azam lamenting delays in Kharan’s merger with Pakistan & proclaimed: “People of Kharan are independent from Kalat & will die for Pakistan.”

The Princely State of Lasbela was ruled by Jam Ghulam Qadir Khan, grandfather of current CM #Balochistan Jam Kamal. He also repeatedly wrote to Quaid a Azam regarding pressure politics of Khan of Kalat after British rule ended & demanded a quick accession of Lasbela to Pakistan.

The Princely State of Makran was ruled by Nawab Bai Khan Gichki who insisted on Quaid e Azam to accept an immediate accession of Makran to Pakistan & upon delays, grew impatient & threatened that: “If Pakistan doesn’t accept Makran’s accession soon, then we may approach others.”

Princely State of Kalat mere 26% of today’s province of Balochistan was ruled by Mir Ahmed Yar Khan who was close to Quaid e Azam, his legal adviser. Kalat had a nominated parliament dominated by pro Congress & anti Muslim League politicians of Kalat State National Party.

Khan of Kalat knew that independence wasn’t an option for him & princely states were to eventually choose b/w accession to Pakistan/India & accession to India wasn’t feasible due to the geography. He negotiated with Quaid e Azam to get max influence upon accession to Pakistan.

After Standstill agreement, Khan e Kalat asked Kalat’s parliament to vote on accession where politicians of Kalat State National Party Malik Saeed Khan Dehwar, Gul Khan Naseer, Alijah Ghous Bux Mengal, Ghous Bux Bizenjo allied with Indian Congress & voted against accession.

Khan of Kalat refused to ratify this vote of Kalat’s houses of parliament, instead lobbied for accession to Pakistan, while attempting to use this vote in negotiations with Quaid e Azam as leverage to maximise his own influence in any future political setup as part of Pakistan.

These negotiating tactics by Khan e Kalat delayed the accession to Pakistan till Feb 1948. It disappointed Quaid e Azam in Ahmed Yar Khan & he eventually accepted pending accession requests of Kharan Lasbela & Makran. It isolated Kalat being landlocked in the middle of Balochistan.

On top of Kalat’s isolation, on 27th March 1948 an All India Radio Broadcast announced: “Kalat requested accession to India, which Nehru has rejected” This humiliated Khan of Kalat, he denied making such a request & hurriedly announced Kalat state’s accession to Pakistan.

Another gross misrepresentation of historical facts by nationalists is that Ahmed Yar Khan signed Kalat’s accession to Pakistan under Pakistan Army’s gunpoint! He was indeed arrested, not in 1948 but on 6 Oct 1958, after his public opposition to the One-Unit by Ayub Khan Govt.

But in 1948 not only was KhaneKalat not arrested, but he was also honoured by Pakistan with a royal title & appointed as the ceremonial ‘KhaneAzam’ of a newly created Tribal Council of Balochistan called Balochistan States Union comprising states of Kharan, Makran, Lasbela & Kalat.

Nationalist leaders of Kalat, Mir Ghous Bux Bizenjo, Mir Gul Khan Naseer & Mir Ahmed Yar Khan himself have written books & they haven’t even remotely alluded to the accession as being forced in any way. KhaneKalat’s family themselves linked his decision to a dream of his.

Balochistan’s accession to Pakistan | Busting Myths & Propaganda by Foreign Proxies

Source:

• [1] Mir Ghous Bux Bizenjo, In Search of Solutions An Autobiography, Edited by B.M Kutty.
• [2] Mir Gul Khan Naseer, Tarikhe Balochistan, Quetta.
• [3] Mir Ahmed Yar Khan, Inside Baluchistan: Political Autobiography of Khan-e-Azam.
• [4] People of Pakistan: An Ethnic History, Yuri V Gankovsky
• [5] Back to the Future Khanate of Kalat & Genesis of Balochistan, Martin Axmann.
• [6] Accession of Kalat, Professor Dushku Sayyid Wolfson College University of Cambridge.
• [7] Balochistan Problem, by Imtiaz Ali.
• [8] History of Baloch Race & Balochistan by Sardar Mohammad K Baluch.
• [9] Problem of Greater Baluchistan by Inayatullah Baluch.
• [10] Searchlights on Baloch & Balochistan, by Mir Khuda Buksh Baloch.
• [11] Baloch Nationalism: Origins & Development, Taj Mohammad Breseeg
• [12] Good for one but not the other: The Sandman System, by Christian Tripodi
• [13] Sir Robert Sandeman: Peaceful Conqueror of Balochistan by ALP Tucker.
• [14] Baloch in Search of Identity, by Naimatullah Gichki.

Thank you for sharing. I have been advocating the same facts within my circle.

 

[Adonis]

To prevent the innocent youth of Pakistan from being radicalized into terrorism by liberals, leftist academics & ethnic nationalists on media or university campuses, it’s important to bust such falsifications of history, as being done here by Sardar Akhtar Mengal.

Being a Baloch, I find it abhorrent that nationalists use myths & manufactured history to turn the youth away from serving our own state. Firstly, there was no Balochistan state then & there was no princely state or parliament representing present-day Balochistan in 1947.

Balochistan’s area at the time of partition in 1947 consisted of Gwadar ruled by Oman & 5 units of Balochistan Agency:

1. British Chief Commissioner’s Balochistan
2. Princely State of Kharan.
3. Princely State of Lasbela.
4. Princely State of Makran.
5. Princely State of Kalat

Balochistan Agency was created to colonize Balochistan in 1877 after Treaty of Mastung 1854 Treaty of Kalat 1875 Treaty of Jacobabad 1876 These treaties were negotiated so cleverly by Sir Robert Sandeman that he’s called ‘Peaceful Conquerer of Baluchistan’ by A.L.P. Tucker.

By signing these 3 treaties KhaneKalat had effectively lost political control outside Kalat State by 1877 & accepted British Political Agent as the ultimate arbitrator in disputes amongst Baloch sardars. In return for payment & military support against Afghan incursions.

Khan of Kalat, Nawabs of Makran & Kharan & Jam of Lasbela were called to the Royal Delhi Durbar of 1903 in recognition of their status as princely states. Nawabs of Sarawan & Jhalawan never received this invitation or titles since they’re considered under the suzerainty of Kalat.

11 Aug 1947 when Khan of Kalat signed a Standstill AG with Jinnah to negotiate terms of accession Kharan, Makran, Lasbela categorically rejected Kalat’s claims of suzerainty. Jinnah signed in good faith expecting all states to ultimately accede. Mountbatten refused to sign.

Chief Commissioner’s Balochistan overwhelmingly voted for accession to #Pakistan at ‘Shahi Jirga’ in Quetta after a spirited campaign by Qazi M Essa head of Baluchistan Provincial Muslim League. He not only rallied people in Baluchistan but also in KPK to vote for Pakistan.

The Princely State of Kharan was ruled by Mir Habibullah Khan Nowsherwani who favoured accession to Pakistan so highly that he wrote to Quaid e Azam lamenting delays in Kharan’s merger with Pakistan & proclaimed: “People of Kharan are independent from Kalat & will die for Pakistan.”

The Princely State of Lasbela was ruled by Jam Ghulam Qadir Khan, grandfather of current CM #Balochistan Jam Kamal. He also repeatedly wrote to Quaid a Azam regarding pressure politics of Khan of Kalat after British rule ended & demanded a quick accession of Lasbela to Pakistan.

The Princely State of Makran was ruled by Nawab Bai Khan Gichki who insisted on Quaid e Azam to accept an immediate accession of Makran to Pakistan & upon delays, grew impatient & threatened that: “If Pakistan doesn’t accept Makran’s accession soon, then we may approach others.”

Princely State of Kalat mere 26% of today’s province of Balochistan was ruled by Mir Ahmed Yar Khan who was close to Quaid e Azam, his legal adviser. Kalat had a nominated parliament dominated by pro Congress & anti Muslim League politicians of Kalat State National Party.

Khan of Kalat knew that independence wasn’t an option for him & princely states were to eventually choose b/w accession to Pakistan/India & accession to India wasn’t feasible due to the geography. He negotiated with Quaid e Azam to get max influence upon accession to Pakistan.

After Standstill agreement, Khan e Kalat asked Kalat’s parliament to vote on accession where politicians of Kalat State National Party Malik Saeed Khan Dehwar, Gul Khan Naseer, Alijah Ghous Bux Mengal, Ghous Bux Bizenjo allied with Indian Congress & voted against accession.

Khan of Kalat refused to ratify this vote of Kalat’s houses of parliament, instead lobbied for accession to Pakistan, while attempting to use this vote in negotiations with Quaid e Azam as leverage to maximise his own influence in any future political setup as part of Pakistan.

These negotiating tactics by Khan e Kalat delayed the accession to Pakistan till Feb 1948. It disappointed Quaid e Azam in Ahmed Yar Khan & he eventually accepted pending accession requests of Kharan Lasbela & Makran. It isolated Kalat being landlocked in the middle of Balochistan.

On top of Kalat’s isolation, on 27th March 1948 an All India Radio Broadcast announced: “Kalat requested accession to India, which Nehru has rejected” This humiliated Khan of Kalat, he denied making such a request & hurriedly announced Kalat state’s accession to Pakistan.

Another gross misrepresentation of historical facts by nationalists is that Ahmed Yar Khan signed Kalat’s accession to Pakistan under Pakistan Army’s gunpoint! He was indeed arrested, not in 1948 but on 6 Oct 1958, after his public opposition to the One-Unit by Ayub Khan Govt.

But in 1948 not only was KhaneKalat not arrested, but he was also honoured by Pakistan with a royal title & appointed as the ceremonial ‘KhaneAzam’ of a newly created Tribal Council of Balochistan called Balochistan States Union comprising states of Kharan, Makran, Lasbela & Kalat.

Nationalist leaders of Kalat, Mir Ghous Bux Bizenjo, Mir Gul Khan Naseer & Mir Ahmed Yar Khan himself have written books & they haven’t even remotely alluded to the accession as being forced in any way. KhaneKalat’s family themselves linked his decision to a dream of his.

Balochistan’s accession to Pakistan | Busting Myths & Propaganda by Foreign Proxies

Source:

• [1] Mir Ghous Bux Bizenjo, In Search of Solutions An Autobiography, Edited by B.M Kutty.
• [2] Mir Gul Khan Naseer, Tarikhe Balochistan, Quetta.
• [3] Mir Ahmed Yar Khan, Inside Baluchistan: Political Autobiography of Khan-e-Azam.
• [4] People of Pakistan: An Ethnic History, Yuri V Gankovsky
• [5] Back to the Future Khanate of Kalat & Genesis of Balochistan, Martin Axmann.
• [6] Accession of Kalat, Professor Dushku Sayyid Wolfson College University of Cambridge.
• [7] Balochistan Problem, by Imtiaz Ali.
• [8] History of Baloch Race & Balochistan by Sardar Mohammad K Baluch.
• [9] Problem of Greater Baluchistan by Inayatullah Baluch.
• [10] Searchlights on Baloch & Balochistan, by Mir Khuda Buksh Baloch.
• [11] Baloch Nationalism: Origins & Development, Taj Mohammad Breseeg
• [12] Good for one but not the other: The Sandman System, by Christian Tripodi
• [13] Sir Robert Sandeman: Peaceful Conqueror of Balochistan by ALP Tucker.
• [14] Baloch in Search of Identity, by Naimatullah Gichki.

Without going into much controversy....Simple question on your article. Where it is written, "11 Aug 1947 when Khan of Kalat signed a Standstill AG with Jinnah to negotiate terms of accession Kharan, Makran, Lasbela categorically rejected Kalat’s claims of suzerainty. Jinnah signed in good faith expecting all states to ultimately accede".

I have a Baluch friend in NZ from college time, whose parents took asylum in Switzerland. He was raised partly in Pakistan (Balochistan) and rest in Switzerland.
Per him this treaty was forced. The treaty is just 2 pages long..with Jinnah signed on it on 8 Aug, 1947 in Karachi and Nawab on 11 Aug, 1947 in Kalat.....No neutral agencies, countries were present there.....This was more of occupation and hence even Mountbatten refused to endorse." How true is this thing?

 

[ejaz007]

This matter has been discussed before if I remember correctly in a different thread.

Here is the instrument of accession.

Balochistan is now part of Pakistan and no further discussion is needed.

 

[Adonis]

This matter has been discussed before if I remember correctly in a different thread.

Here is the instrument of accession.

View attachment 630288 View attachment 630289

Balochistan is now part of Pakistan and no further discussion is needed.

No body is saying it is not part of Pakistan now.....But you can see for yourself...dates of the two signatories is different implying that did not happen face to face.....so what my friend said..has some substance.

 

[ejaz007]

No body is saying it is not part of Pakistan now.....But you can see for yourself...dates of the two signatories is different implying that did not happen face to face.....so what my friend said..has some substance.

There is a procedure that needs to be followed for legal documents especially instruments of accession to be signed by President/Governor General. Perhaps that is why the dates are different.

I am sure the document of this importance goes through Law ministry before it is vetted by the President/Governor General.

 

[peagle]

No body is saying it is not part of Pakistan now.....But you can see for yourself...dates of the two signatories is different implying that did not happen face to face.....so what my friend said..has some substance.

If you read the information above, you'll get clarity. You mentioned your friend said August 1947. Your friend and you got the day, month, and the year wrong, what else is made up?

It is easy to create stories, so let us stick with facts, they have been clearly explained above. Whether it was signed face to face is not relevant, negotiations have their own timelines, and the signing of treaties also happens as situation demands.

Sardar Patel is known as the man who got most of the princely states to accede to India one way or another, Nehru as Prime Minister and Mountbatten as the Governor-General were not the lead actors, should we assume all the princely states in India were forced to accede at gunpoint?

Please don't introduce people's fantasies, when the facts have been so clearly explained above.

 

[Adonis]

If you read the information above, you'll get clarity. You mentioned your friend said August 1947. Your friend and you got the day, month, and the year wrong, what else is made up?

It is easy to create stories, so let us stick with facts, they have been clearly explained above. Whether it was signed face to face is not relevant, negotiations have their own timelines, and the signing of treaties also happens as situation demands.

Sardar Patel is known as the man who got most of the princely states to accede to India one way or another, Nehru as Prime Minister and Mountbatten as the Governor-General were not the lead actors, should we assume all the princely states in India were forced to accede at gunpoint?

Please don't introduce people's fantasies, when the facts have been so clearly explained above.

Ok. Now to correct you on your Moral lecture....please just don't go by what is "fed" to you but try to use technology to fetch information from different sources and educate yourself with all the perspective....as it is said...no one is perfect.

Below are excerpts from you own newspaper.....The Nation.

Referring to a telegram of October 17, 1947 from Grafftey-Smith, the Political Department, in a note on Pakistan-Kalat negotiations, says that Jinnah had second thoughts regarding the recognition of Kalat as an independent sovereign state, and was now desirous of obtaining its accession in the same form as was accepted by other rulers who joined Pakistan. The same note mentioned that an interesting situation is developing as Pakistan might accept the accession of Kalat’s two feudatories, Lasbela and Kharan.


By October 1947, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah had a change of heart on the recognition of Kalat as an “Independent and a Sovereign State”, and wanted the Khan to sign the same form of instrument of accession as the other states which had joined Pakistan. The Khan was unwilling to abandon the nominally achieved independent status but ready to concede on defence, foreign affairs and communications. However, he was unwilling to sign either a treaty or an Instrument, until and unless he had got a satisfactory agreement on the leased areas. Fears were also being voiced that officials of the Government of Pakistan might start dealing with the two feudatories of Las Bela and Kharan, and accept their de facto accession.

By February 1948, the discussions between Kalat and the Government of Pakistan were coming to a head. The Quaid wrote to the Khan of Kalat: “I advise you to join Pakistan without further delay…and let me have your final reply which you promised to do after your stay with me in Karachi when we fully discussed the whole question in all its aspects.” On February 15, 1948, Jinnah visited Sibi, Baluchistan and addressed a Royal Durbar, where he announced that until the Pakistan Constitution is finally written in about two years’ time, he would govern the province with the help of an advisory council that he would nominate. However, the main reason for Jinnah’s visit was to persuade the Khan of Kalat to accede to Pakistan. As it transpired, the Khan failed to turn up for the final meeting with him, pleading illness. In his letter to Jinnah, he said that he had summoned both Houses of the Parliament, Dar-ul-Umara and Dar-ul-Awam, for their opinion about the future relations with the Dominion of Pakistan, and he would inform him about their opinion by the end of the month.

When the Dar-ul-Awam of Kalat met on February 21, 1948, it decided not to accede, but to negotiate a treaty to determine Kalat’s future relations with Pakistan. On March 9, 1948 the Khan received communication from JInnah announcing that he had decided not to deal personally with the Kalat state negotiations, which would henceforth be dealt with by the Pakistan Government. So far there had not been any formal negotiations but only an informal request made by Jinnah to the Khan at Sibi.

The US Ambassador to Pakistan in his dispatch home on March 23, 1948 informed that on March 18, “Kharan, Lasbela and Mekran, feudatory states of Kalat” had acceded to Pakistan. The Khan of Kalat objected to their accession, arguing that it was a violation of Kalat’s Standstill Agreement with Pakistan. He also said that while Kharan and Lasbela were its feudatories, Mekran was a district of Kalat. The British Government had placed the control of the foreign policy of the two feudatories under Kalat in July 1947, prior to partition.

On March 26, 1948, the Pakistan Army was ordered to move into the Baloch coastal region of Pasni, Jiwani and Turbat. This was the first act of aggression prior to the march on Kalat by a Pakistani military detachment on April 1, 1948. Kalat capitulated on March 27 after the army moved into the coastal region and it was announced in Karachi that the Khan of Kalat has agreed to merge his state with Pakistan. Jinnah accepted this accession under the gun. It should be noted that the Balochistan Assembly had already rejected any suggestion of forfeiting the independence of Balochistan on any pretext. So even the signature of the Khan of Kalat taken under the barrel of the gun, was not viable, because the parliament had rejected the accession and the accession was never mandated by the British Empire either, who had given Balochistan under Kalat independence before India. The sovereign Baloch state after British withdrawal from India lasted only 227 days. During this time Baluchistan had a flag flying in its embassy in Karachi where its ambassador to Pakistan lived.

https://nation.com.pk/05-Dec-2015/how-balochistan-became-a-part-of-pakistan-a-historical-perspective

 

[peagle]

Ok. Now to correct you on your Moral lecture....please just don't go by what is "fed" to you but try to use technology to fetch information from different sources and educate yourself with all the perspective....as it is said...no one is perfect.

Below are excerpts from you own newspaper.....The Nation.

Referring to a telegram of October 17, 1947 from Grafftey-Smith, the Political Department, in a note on Pakistan-Kalat negotiations, says that Jinnah had second thoughts regarding the recognition of Kalat as an independent sovereign state, and was now desirous of obtaining its accession in the same form as was accepted by other rulers who joined Pakistan. The same note mentioned that an interesting situation is developing as Pakistan might accept the accession of Kalat’s two feudatories, Lasbela and Kharan.


By October 1947, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah had a change of heart on the recognition of Kalat as an “Independent and a Sovereign State”, and wanted the Khan to sign the same form of instrument of accession as the other states which had joined Pakistan. The Khan was unwilling to abandon the nominally achieved independent status but ready to concede on defence, foreign affairs and communications. However, he was unwilling to sign either a treaty or an Instrument, until and unless he had got a satisfactory agreement on the leased areas. Fears were also being voiced that officials of the Government of Pakistan might start dealing with the two feudatories of Las Bela and Kharan, and accept their de facto accession.

By February 1948, the discussions between Kalat and the Government of Pakistan were coming to a head. The Quaid wrote to the Khan of Kalat: “I advise you to join Pakistan without further delay…and let me have your final reply which you promised to do after your stay with me in Karachi when we fully discussed the whole question in all its aspects.” On February 15, 1948, Jinnah visited Sibi, Baluchistan and addressed a Royal Durbar, where he announced that until the Pakistan Constitution is finally written in about two years’ time, he would govern the province with the help of an advisory council that he would nominate. However, the main reason for Jinnah’s visit was to persuade the Khan of Kalat to accede to Pakistan. As it transpired, the Khan failed to turn up for the final meeting with him, pleading illness. In his letter to Jinnah, he said that he had summoned both Houses of the Parliament, Dar-ul-Umara and Dar-ul-Awam, for their opinion about the future relations with the Dominion of Pakistan, and he would inform him about their opinion by the end of the month.

When the Dar-ul-Awam of Kalat met on February 21, 1948, it decided not to accede, but to negotiate a treaty to determine Kalat’s future relations with Pakistan. On March 9, 1948 the Khan received communication from JInnah announcing that he had decided not to deal personally with the Kalat state negotiations, which would henceforth be dealt with by the Pakistan Government. So far there had not been any formal negotiations but only an informal request made by Jinnah to the Khan at Sibi.

The US Ambassador to Pakistan in his dispatch home on March 23, 1948 informed that on March 18, “Kharan, Lasbela and Mekran, feudatory states of Kalat” had acceded to Pakistan. The Khan of Kalat objected to their accession, arguing that it was a violation of Kalat’s Standstill Agreement with Pakistan. He also said that while Kharan and Lasbela were its feudatories, Mekran was a district of Kalat. The British Government had placed the control of the foreign policy of the two feudatories under Kalat in July 1947, prior to partition.

On March 26, 1948, the Pakistan Army was ordered to move into the Baloch coastal region of Pasni, Jiwani and Turbat. This was the first act of aggression prior to the march on Kalat by a Pakistani military detachment on April 1, 1948. Kalat capitulated on March 27 after the army moved into the coastal region and it was announced in Karachi that the Khan of Kalat has agreed to merge his state with Pakistan. Jinnah accepted this accession under the gun. It should be noted that the Balochistan Assembly had already rejected any suggestion of forfeiting the independence of Balochistan on any pretext. So even the signature of the Khan of Kalat taken under the barrel of the gun, was not viable, because the parliament had rejected the accession and the accession was never mandated by the British Empire either, who had given Balochistan under Kalat independence before India. The sovereign Baloch state after British withdrawal from India lasted only 227 days. During this time Baluchistan had a flag flying in its embassy in Karachi where its ambassador to Pakistan lived.

https://nation.com.pk/05-Dec-2015/how-balochistan-became-a-part-of-pakistan-a-historical-perspective

I am glad you were able to take a lesson on morality, but I had no intention of giving a moral lecture, I called you up on your honesty and you have been found out.

Rather than play up the drama of a fictitious friend said something, and mentioning a false date when you already knew that date to be incorrect. If you want a discussion then learn to be honest and not peddle your false lies hiding behind false stories.


Now back to your original point, nothing in this article changes anything. There is no new information, just self-imposed conjectures, so obviously ignoring the facts.


1. First to deal with your original post you said “8 Aug, 1947 in Karachi and Nawab on 11 Aug, 1947 in Kalat” > this has so clearly been proved wrong

2. “please just don't go by what is "fed" to you but try to use technology to fetch information from different sources and educate yourself with all the perspective” >> please read your own advice before giving it to someone else. If you are going to lie, at least make an effort or you’ll end up looking like a fool

3. The article proves what said in my post above, “negotiations have their own timelines, and the signing of treaties also happens as situation demands” this is exactly what has been mentioned in the article you sent.

4. There are so many stupidities in this article but I will try to answer a few, it keeps referring to Baluchistan as the other party whereas the other party was the Princely state of Kalat, not Baluchistan. Kharan, Lesbela, and Makran were also separate Princely states and free to choose their own future, Pakistan army only moved in after they acceded to Pakistan by choice, and Kalat had acceded to Pakistan before the army moved in. The article clearly mentions that Kalat was willing to accede to Pakistan but were playing for better terms; the issue of force does not arise.

Stop your lies and stick with the facts as they are, not how you would like them to be.