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http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/08/14/sports/olympics-medal-doping.html?_r=0
Athletes Who Were Denied
Their Olympic Medal Moments
Because Others Were Doping
By NICOLE HE, K.K. REBECCA LAI and PAUL MURRAY AUG. 14, 2016 RELATED ARTICLE
When an Olympic medalist is caught doping, any medals he or she has won are usually ordered returned, to be awarded to the next finisher in line.
In many cases, however, a change to the official record does not take place until years after the medal ceremonies have ended. Some of the athletes here, later declared Olympic champions, went home from the Games with lesser medals. Others never got the chance to stand on the podium at all.
Since 1968, in at least 25 cases,
athletes should have won gold but
did not receive the medal until later.
In at least 41 cases, athletes were
upgraded to the silver medal, sometimes
long after the official medals ceremony.
In at least 54 cases, athletes who were eventually
awarded a bronze missed out on the chance to
stand on the podium as an Olympic medalist.
Here are the athletes whose medals
were taken away because of doping.
When gold medalists are caught doping, the effect of changing the official records is multiplied because every medal in their event is reassigned. Seven years after the 2000 Summer Olympics, Marion Jones was stripped of all five of her medals, three gold and two bronze. That ultimately affected the standing of seven other athletes.
Sometimes it takes years for
athletes to receive their medals.
Before the 2000 Sydney Games, most of the doping violations were caught during or shortly after the Olympics. More recently, old samples have been retested using modern methods of analysis, leading officials to reassign medals long after the Games ended.
In total, 42 medals were stripped after the Olympics ended. In 31 cases, medals were stripped more than a year after the end of the Games.
Chinese athletes were cheated out of 10 medals,
but never had to surrender one because of doping.
Since 1968, Olympic medalists from Russia and the United States were caught doping the most, but those countries also gained a similar number of upgraded medals.
Notes: Stripped medalists only include those who had their medals revoked after the Olympic medals ceremony, due to doping, and does not include medals that have been reinstated. Upgraded medalists only include those who did not receive their new medal at the official Olympic medals ceremony. In the case of team medals, one medal is counted per team.
Cases are based on International Olympic Committee statements as of June, 2016. Other biographical information from “Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement: 5th edition” by John Grasso, Bill Mallon and Jeroen Heijmans; Sports-reference.com.
Athletes Who Were Denied
Their Olympic Medal Moments
Because Others Were Doping
By NICOLE HE, K.K. REBECCA LAI and PAUL MURRAY AUG. 14, 2016 RELATED ARTICLE
When an Olympic medalist is caught doping, any medals he or she has won are usually ordered returned, to be awarded to the next finisher in line.
In many cases, however, a change to the official record does not take place until years after the medal ceremonies have ended. Some of the athletes here, later declared Olympic champions, went home from the Games with lesser medals. Others never got the chance to stand on the podium at all.
Since 1968, in at least 25 cases,
athletes should have won gold but
did not receive the medal until later.
In at least 41 cases, athletes were
upgraded to the silver medal, sometimes
long after the official medals ceremony.
In at least 54 cases, athletes who were eventually
awarded a bronze missed out on the chance to
stand on the podium as an Olympic medalist.
Here are the athletes whose medals
were taken away because of doping.
When gold medalists are caught doping, the effect of changing the official records is multiplied because every medal in their event is reassigned. Seven years after the 2000 Summer Olympics, Marion Jones was stripped of all five of her medals, three gold and two bronze. That ultimately affected the standing of seven other athletes.
Sometimes it takes years for
athletes to receive their medals.
Before the 2000 Sydney Games, most of the doping violations were caught during or shortly after the Olympics. More recently, old samples have been retested using modern methods of analysis, leading officials to reassign medals long after the Games ended.
In total, 42 medals were stripped after the Olympics ended. In 31 cases, medals were stripped more than a year after the end of the Games.
Chinese athletes were cheated out of 10 medals,
but never had to surrender one because of doping.
Since 1968, Olympic medalists from Russia and the United States were caught doping the most, but those countries also gained a similar number of upgraded medals.
Notes: Stripped medalists only include those who had their medals revoked after the Olympic medals ceremony, due to doping, and does not include medals that have been reinstated. Upgraded medalists only include those who did not receive their new medal at the official Olympic medals ceremony. In the case of team medals, one medal is counted per team.
Cases are based on International Olympic Committee statements as of June, 2016. Other biographical information from “Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement: 5th edition” by John Grasso, Bill Mallon and Jeroen Heijmans; Sports-reference.com.
