Major Shaitan Singh
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An earlier picture of the INS Sindhukirti, the 'Dry Dock Queen' stripped and rusted at HSL
NEW DELHI: This is the biggest news coming out of the government-owned Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL) in a very long time. The Kilo class submarine, INS Sindhukirti, has been undocked after over eight years in dry dock for repair and refit. This earned this Kilo-class submarine the mocking sobriquet of the ‘Dry Dock Queen', and HSL an unenviable reputation.
INS Sindhukirti was finally floated on Nov. 4 , 2014. The shipyard still has to work on the submarine's water-tight integrity and finish the equipment refit before it hits sea trials. The Navy reckons that the process will take at least another year before the submarine is back in service. This means that the INS Sindhukirti would have been in one single refit for an astounding 10 years before becoming operational again, marking the longest dry docking of any Indian in-service naval vessel.
The Navy has budgeted close to Rs.800 crore (Rs.8 billion/$130 million) for this mid-life refit involving repair of the outer hull and replacement of sonars, sensors, machinery, operations and fire control systems.
The Russians have taken between 24 and 28 months for similar mid-life refits on six other Indian Navy Kilo class submarines at approximately the same cost. The Russian yard is reported to have deployed a 200-strong workforce round-the-clock to deliver the upgrades in these time frames. HSL's output was, obviously, glacial.
HSL has not produced any warship. The only other time it took on a major military refit project was for the long decommissioned Foxtrot class submarines. Incidentally, that refit was delayed too. It was given the Sindhukirti refit contract with the stated objective of developing indigenous capability. The Navy was not too happy that an important project was handed to an out-of-work public sector shipyard to keep it going. The Navy was unhappy with patronage for public sector getting precedence over operational availability of a frontline submarine for a decade.
At the moment, HSL is making Bollard Pull Tugs and Inshore Patrol Vessels, besides working on the Sindhukirti. It has declared the value of its production as Rs.104.88 crore (Rs. 1.05 billion/$17 million) for the current fiscal (April-September). Value of production for previous years has been declared as Rs 564.04 crore (Rs 5.65 billion/$92 million), Rs.483.84 crore (Rs.4.84 billion/$79 million) and Rs.453.40 crore (Rs.4.54 billion/$74 million) for the years 2011-12, 2012-13 and 2013-14 respectively.
The Indian Navy's submarine force levels are in free fall due to obsolescence and accidents. It needs at least 18 conventional submarines. Not a single new conventional submarine has been added to the fleet in the last 15 years.
At the moment, the Indian Navy is down to eight Kilos (INS Sindhurakshak was lost in an internal explosion on Aug. 14, 2013), four HDWs, and a solitary Akula-class SSN on lease from Russia.
A recent report of the Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG) disclosed that the operational availability of submarines is down to fewer than 50 per cent due to ageing and the proportional increase in time for repairs and refit.
The scheduled phase-out of the Kilo class submarines beginning 2015 makes the picture look even more desperate. It's that of a depleted, ageing fleet tripping from one life extension to another.
In his annual press conference on Dec 3, 2014, Indian Navy chief R.K. Dhowan appeared to suggest that there would be no further delay on the Scorpenes, the first of which would be handed over in September 2016. Six Scorpenes are on order with the Mumbai-based Mazagon Docks Limited (MDL) with assistance rendered by French DCNS.
The Project 75 (I) tender (RFP in defense parlance) for the second line of the post-Scorpene submarines is still some distance away, as the defense establishment will take its time evaluating the capability of Indian shipyards for the ‘Buy and Make' (Indian) venture under the Defense Procurement Procedure. The grapevine has it that the Navy leadership's preference for the German alternative will have to stand the test of stretched timelines.
Arming India