American and Philippines demographic engineering against Moro Muslims

[Wholegrain]

The situation in Zamboanga appears to be over.

Rebel Standoff in the Philippines Ends - WSJ.com

Philippines: Deadly rebel hostage standoff is over - Asia news - Boston.com

During the Japanese invasion of Mindanao, the Moros used the Juramentado (suicide attack, Parrang Sabil) against both Japanese and American troops. They were engaged in a rebellion against the Americans right up to 1941 when Japan invaded, they then fought Japan and the Americans and after the Philippines became independent in 1946, the Moros revolted against the Filipinos.

The Japanese were frustrated by the Moro suicide attackers (who flew into a state where thry would stab as many enemies as possible), and they responded by slaughtering the entire community from where the Juramentados came from.

Sultans, Shamans, and Saints: Islam and Muslims in Southeast Asia - Howard M. Federspiel - Google Books

America and Guerrilla Warfare - Anthony James Joes - Google Books

A Muslim archipelago: Islam and politics in Southeast Asia - Max L. Gross, Center for Strategic Intelligence Research (U.S.) - Google Books

MAR | Data | Assessment for Moros in the Philippines

A Handbook of Terrorism and Insurgency in Southeast Asia - Google Books

During the Commonwealth Period (1935–46), some Moro leaders participated in the 1935 National Assembly Election. ... But only two Muslim leaders won their seats, prompting the Muslim groups to continue their fight for independence. But it was only the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941 'that more or less blunted the Moro independence movement', which resulted in the Japanese invasion of the Philippines.26 During the Japanese occupation, Moros joined anti-Japanese resistance groups. It has been argued that six months before US forces led by General Douglas MacArthur landed in Leyte to retake the Philippines, 'the Muslim territories in Mindanao were already free of the Japanese'.

Midnight on Mindanao: Wartime Remembances 1945-1946 - Dds Mel Amler - Google Books

Just as they were feared by the Spanish, they were now hated by the Filipinos. There was such animosity between the Moros and the Filipinos that small villages were divided into two separate entities – Moro and Christian. They were, at the same time, actually at war with the Japanese and Filipinos and barely tolerated the Americans.

Many Japanese and American soldiers were killed by Moro warriors who stabbed them (Moro warriors would wield the Keris, a weapon native to southeast asia).

Midnight on Mindanao: Wartime Remembances 1945-1946 - Dds Mel Amler - Google Books

Midnight on Mindanao: Wartime Remembances 1945-1946 - Dds Mel Amler - Google Books

Midnight on Mindanao: Wartime Remembances 1945-1946 - Dds Mel Amler - Google Books

http://www.fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/sword.htm

RECLAIMING BANGSAMORO HUMANITY FROM FOREIGN COLONIZERS-MNLF Official Website

Igorot and moro National Reemergence: The Fabricated Philippine State.

Igorot and moro National Reemergence: The Fabricated Philippine State.

http://booksandjournals.brillonline...est&checksum=2DDB2ED2CA41121645100F8CFF870FEF

Filipino Heritage: The Spanish colonial period (late 19th century) - Alfredo R. Roces - Google Books

Filipinas - Google Books

Until the middle of the 19th century, however, the holy war was a group obligation. It was organized and led — with a good bit of the internal strife which has always been a part of Tausug politics — by the sultan and other officials of the Tausug....

A second form of parrang sabbil is said to have occurred every time a Tausug was killed in a battle with a non-Muslim. All Tausug thus killed by the Spaniards, Americans or Filipinos were automatically sabbil. The parrang sabbil occurrences reached its climax in the period of cotta warfare with the Americans. A large number of Tausug would fortify themselves...

Fiction and Fact Following are some points of interest on the juramentado : Myth: The juramentado was exclusively anti-Christian.

It was born in the 19th century, when Muslim power in the southern seas was almost as great as that of Spain. The fiction part of the juramentado myth say that the Muslims were treacherous and untrustworthy in their dealing with the Christians, that they were likely to run amuck at a moment's notice, killing men, women and children, and that they were fanatics who would do anything for the glory of their God.

Fact: The juramentado 's act was never done against members of ethnic groups not considered military enemies of the Tausug, or against those not actively attempting to take the Tausug away from the Islam faith. The juramentado's act was occasionally performed against the Japanese during World War II —and the Japanese were clearly defined as enemies. The juramentado never went after Chinese residents in spite of the fact that the Chinese were non-Muslim.

 

[Zero_wing]

Again full of bull with half truths and whole lies typical anti filipino racism

 

[p3avi8tor69]

Again full of bull with half truths and whole lies typical anti filipino racism

The refute them with your citation unless you are too lazy or too ignorant to look up facts. But based on your history, I say you are lazy and ignorant.

 

[noname1]

The US when they killed a Moro would slit open the belly of a large hog and stick the Moro in it an bury him and the hog. Muslims could not wrap their head around that happening to them when they died. US also developed the colt 45 to stop Moros. They were usually high on drugs when they attacked.

Palace defends use of US drones in PH | Inquirer Global Nation

Lot of travel in Philippines by boat, Philippine or CIA assets have been attaching a miniature tracking device to boats carrying terrorist and then when well out to sea a drone or even a US aircraft comes along and sends them to Paradise.

The government seems to be getting the upper hand.

 

[noname1]

As Obama plans Asia tour, postcard Philippines isle symbolizes U.S. pivoters
Andrew R.C. Marshall and Manuel Mogato 2 hours ago

U.S. President Obama takes his seat after arriving to address the 68th United Nations General Assembly in New York
.

U.S. President Barack Obama takes his seat after arriving to address the 68th United Nations General …
Andrew R.C. Marshall and Manuel Mogato

OYSTER BAY, Philippines (Reuters) - Its mangrove-fringed coral reefs support an abundant fish population. Its deep, blue waters are unmuddied by the monsoons that batter the western Philippines coastline.

But a planned visit by U.S. President Barack Obama to Asia starting this weekend could herald the start of dramatic changes to Oyster Bay, a postcard-perfect cove on Palawan Island that the Philippines expects to transform into a port for its naval frigates and eventually for American warships - all overlooking the disputed South China Sea.

Developing this remote island paradise into a military facility could exacerbate tensions with China, whose sovereignty claims over the vast, mineral-rich South China Sea, one of the world's most important waterways, set it directly against U.S. allies Vietnam and the Philippines. Brunei, Taiwan and Malaysia also claim parts of the sea.

Obama is scheduled to leave on Saturday on a four-nation, week-long tour to Asia. But the uncertainty caused by a government shutdown that began on Tuesday could force him to postpone his plans. "You know, we'll see obviously what happens as the week unfolds," White House spokesman Jay Carney said on Monday.

At the moment, however, Obama is scheduled to round off his tour with a stopover in Manila, which is seen as a strong signal of U.S. support for the Philippines despite Washington's professed neutrality in the South China Sea dispute.

Rebuilding ties with the Philippines, including helping to upgrade its ill-equipped military, has been an important part of a U.S. rebalancing of its strategic focus towards Asia that is seen as a bid to check China's growing power.

President Benigno Aquino has launched a $1.8 billion modernization program and revived plans to build new air and naval bases at Subic Bay, the largest U.S. military installation in Southeast Asia before it was shuttered in 1992.

Also on the cards is the development of Oyster Bay, which lies about 550 km (340 miles) southwest of Manila.

"It will be a mini-Subic," Commodore Joseph Rostum O. Peña, commander of the Philippines' western navy, said in the first public comments about converting Oyster Bay into a major naval base.

A future port here would extend the reach of the navy's two frigates, both former U.S. Coast Guard cutters, over the disputed Spratly Islands, in the southern part of the South China Sea, he said in an interview from his office overlooking the mouth of the bay.

Long-held plans to develop the port were resurrected by Aquino after the U.S. donated the frigates, now the Philippine Navy's largest ships, in 2011 and 2012.

Oyster Bay is about 160 km (100 miles) from the Spratlys.

"In Manila, the leaders must move behind rhetorical blandishments about a new spirit of partnership and start to detail specific actions that will strengthen Philippine defense capabilities," said Patrick Cronin, an Asia-Pacific security expert at the Center for a New American Security in Washington.

That includes building a permanent home for the Philippines' two big warships. It also means finding strategic areas where the United States could rotate troops, ships and naval aircraft — all within easy reach of territory claimed by Beijing.

"Oyster Bay may be the best choice," said Cronin.

INCREASINGLY ASSERTIVE

China has grown increasingly assertive in the South China Sea dispute, one of Asia's biggest security headaches. On Sept 3 the Philippines accused China of preparing to build a new structure on a shoal in the sea in violation of the Declaration of Conduct, a non-binding confidence-building agreement on maritime conduct signed in 2002 by China and the 10-member Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

These maritime tensions provide an uneasy backdrop to Obama's Asian tour that includes a regional summit where he is expected to urge China and Southeast Asian nations to resolve differences over the South China Sea.

Efforts to ease the tensions by agreeing a binding Code of Conduct (CoC) between ASEAN nations and China have advanced at a painfully slow pace, with no major breakthrough expected at the East Asia Summit in Brunei that Obama will attend.

China has repeatedly warned the United States to stay out of the South China Sea dispute. Washington has not publicly taken sides, but in July Secretary of State John Kerry reiterated his country's strategic interest in freedom of navigation through the busy sea and its eagerness to see a CoC signed.

The proposed code would not touch on countries' territorial claims, but would set rules governing the behavior of ships to reduce the risk of misunderstandings that could cause conflict.

China is in "no rush" to sign the CoC, said its Foreign Minister Wang Yi in August. Talks between Chinese and ASEAN officials in Beijing in late September went nowhere. Chinese state media warned in June that a "counter-strike" against the Philippines was inevitable if it continued to provoke Beijing.

China's foot-dragging on the CoC has firmed Manila's resolve to strengthen its military, said a senior Philippine diplomat.

"Of course, we are for peaceful means to resolve dispute," he said, also requesting anonymity. "However, we want a capability that would make other states think twice before they do something foolish in the disputed areas."

In Manila, U.S. and Philippine officials are thrashing out a framework agreement which would improve the Asian nation's ability to protect its maritime borders and increase the number of American ships, planes and troops temporarily stationed there. A fourth round of talks began on Tuesday.

The two sides hope to conclude the deal by Obama's arrival, but a senior Philippine military officer familiar with the negotiations said this was looking unlikely. "There are some legal issues they have to untangle," he said, speaking on condition of anonymity.

A former U.S. colony, the Philippines is ambivalent about the presence of American military personnel, as the populist Aquino is acutely aware.

His late mother Corazon was president when the Philippine Senate voted in 1991 to terminate the Military Bases Agreement, which forced American military personnel to leave the giant Subic Bay facility the following year.

Aquino has vowed to radically boost the Philippines' ability to defend itself by the time he leaves office in 2016. This requires U.S. help, and analysts say the U.S. "pivot" toward Asia could allow him to seek it on more equal terms.

NO FISHING HERE

Oyster Bay's initial upgrade will cost an estimated 500 million pesos ($11.5 million) and is due to be finished by 2016, the year Aquino leaves office, said Commodore Peña.

Transforming Oyster Bay into a major naval base will cost much more, said some officials.

Current budget constraints prevent the United States from building ports, said Cronin, although some money for Oyster Bay could be sourced from a contingency budget aimed at supporting exercises and defense cooperation.

Last year, U.S. and Philippine commandos staged a mock amphibious assault near Oyster Bay as part of annual military exercises. Local people, who subsist from fishing, are resigned to further disturbances.

"We not allowed to fish in the bay anymore," said Jesus Agpao, 48, head of a local fishermen's cooperative, pointing to where four small Philippine Navy vessels were already moored. He fears bigger ships will pollute the bay and scare away their catch.

Local resident Lorenzo Layacan, 67, said four of the area's five village chiefs opposed the new naval base, fearing the bars and brothels that sprang up around Subic Bay to serve U.S. sailors on shore leave would come up in Oyster Bay as well.

"They are afraid the young women will become prostitutes," said Layacan.

 

[Zero_wing]

The refute them with your citation unless you are too lazy or too ignorant to look up facts. But based on your history, I say you are lazy and ignorant.

So basically you just told everyone about yourself good for you then

 

[Wholegrain]

Two dynasties ruled Sulu, both had good relations with China.

A King (Rajah) of Sulu also died in Dezhou in Shandong while on a diplomatic mission to the Ming. He left behind two sons who were raised by Chinese Muslims. Their descendants are Muslims, and hold the surnames of An and Wen and they still live in Shandong today.

The current Hashemite dynasty of the Sulu Sultanate was descended from the Arab Shari'ful Hashem Syed Abu Bakr, marrying a daughter of the Rajah of Sulu, so the Sultans are also descended from the first dynasty.

Hashemite Sulu Sultan Jamalul Kiram III has visited the descendants of the first Sulu royal family in Dezhou in Shandong.

The Great Explorer Cheng Ho: Ambassador of Peace - Google Books

Origins of Chinese Names - Google Books

Moro in my Blood: Sulu-China connection



Zheng He's Voyages Down the Western Seas - Google Books

State and Society in the Philippines - P. N. Abinales, Donna J. Amoroso - Google Books

Connecting and Distancing: Southeast Asia and China - Google Books

In Our Image: America's Empire in the Philippines - Stanley Karnow - Google Books

Turning Points I' 2007 Ed. - Antonio, Et Al - Google Books

Pre-Sultanate Period | Moro Bloggers Central Aggregator

Bilder & Wahrnehmungen - Google Books

Cheng Ho: penyebar Islam dari China ke Nusantara - Tan Ta Sen, Abdul Kadir, Abdul Kadir - Google Books



Migration, Indigenization and Interaction: Chinese Overseas and Globalization - Google Books

There was a big Chinese community in Sulu.

Migration, Indigenization and Interaction: Chinese Overseas and Globalization - Google Books

THE CHINESE COMMUNITY IN SULU SULTANATE

http://www.yuchengcomuseum.org/press-room/Beyond the Currents - The Power of Sulu.pdf

http://sovereignsulu.webs.com/Short History-Sulu Sultanate.pdf

The Sulu Zone, 1768-1898: The Dynamics of External Trade, Slavery, and ... - James Francis Warren - Google Books

http://kyoto-seas.org/pdf/35/2/350201.pdf

AL QALAM | SULU TREATIES

Sulu at first allied with the Dutch against Spain, but later engaged in war against both the Spanish and the Dutch and decisively defeated the Dutch when they tried to take territory from Sulu.

http://www.czipm.org/sulu-holandija-eng.html

@nufix you see how the Moros can use the colonialists against each other properly?

The Chinese government appointed descendants of Arab merchants as diplomats and traders in Brunei.

The golden history of Islam in Brunei | The Brunei Times

Book Traces History Of Brunei- China Relations - Asean China Free Trade Area Business Portal

Malay history: What?s missing from the textbooks

MNLF Home Page

Sejarah dan tamadun bangsa Melayu - Ahmad Jelani Halimi - Google Books

Arkeologi Islam Nusantara - Uka Tjandrasasmita - Google Books

Secondary Cities & Urban Networking in the Indian Ocean Realm, c. 1400-1800 - Hall - Google Books

The World of Khubilai Khan: Chinese Art in the Yuan Dynasty - Google Books

Focus Ace Spm 2009 Sejarah - Akashah Ismail - Google Books

During the Song and Ming dynasties, China developed close trading and diplomatic relations with Brunei.

The Report: Brunei Darussalam 2009 - Oxford Business Group - Google Books

One of the Kings of Brunei died while on a diplomatic visit to Ming China around the same time as the Sulu Rajah came to China. His tomb is near Nanjing.

 

[Wholegrain]

@Lux de Veritas

Some Moro warriors would fight both Japanese, Americans, and Filipinos, stabbing both Japanese and American soldiers when they went into juramentado mode. Japan got so angry at the juramentado attacks that they started massacring entire villages of Moro civilians.)

Midnight on Mindanao: Wartime Remembances 1945-1946 - Dds Mel Amler - Google Books

Midnight on Mindanao: Wartime Remembances 1945-1946 - Dds Mel Amler - Google Books

The Moros even fought against Japanese pirates before the Spanish ever entered the Philippines.

Swish of the Kris, the Story of the Moros, Authorized and Enhanced Edition - Vic Hurley - Google Books

These were the traditional weapons used by Moro fighters against the Spanish, Americans, and Japanese.

The Moros used the Kris and Barong to deadly effect against their enemies, both Americans and Japanese were in danger of getting slashed by the Moros.

Islamic Identity, Postcoloniality, and Educational Policy: Schooling and ... - Jeffrey Ayala Milligan - Google Books

The Butchers, the Baker: The World War II Memoir of a United States Army Air ... - Victor L. Mapes, Scott A. Mills - Google Books

The Butchers, the Baker: The World War II Memoir of a United States Army Air ... - Victor L. Mapes, Scott A. Mills - Google Books

Cruise of the Lanikai: Incitement to War - Kemp Tolley - Google Books

Midnight on Mindanao: Wartime Remembances 1945-1946 - Dds Mel Amler - Google Books

Mitsui Madhouse: Memoir of a U.S. Army Air Corps POW in World War II - Herbert Zincke - Google Books

The Moro armed struggle in the Philippines: the nonviolent autonomy alternative - Macapado Abaton Muslim, Philippines. Office of the President, Mindanao State University. College of Public Affairs - Google Books

The arms that these groups had were mostly home-made guns and bladed weapons like the traditional Moro Kris and Kampilan, and some dilapidated and obsolete vestiges of the war against the Japanese in the early 1940s. There were also

The Bud Dajo massacre was an infamous atrocity carried out by American soldiers against hundreds of Moros.

HONOR FOR THE FLAG: The Battle of Bud Dajo - 1906 & The Moro Massacre - Robert A. Fulton - Google Books

New Home Page - morolandhistory.com

http://louisdimarco.com/Occupations/reviewFultonMoroland.pdf

The Moro War: How America Battled a Muslim Insurgency in the Philippine ... - James R. Arnold - Google Books

Moroland, 1899-1906: America's First Attempt to Transform an Islamic Society - Google Books

Black Jack: The Life and Times of John J. Pershing - Frank Everson Vandiver - Google Books

After Postcolonialism: Remapping Philippines-United States Confrontations - E. San Juan Jr - Google Books

Soldier of Fortune: Adventuring in Latin America and Mexico with Emil Lewis ... - Douglas V. Meed - Google Books

My Life before the World War, 1860--1917: A Memoir - John J. Pershing - Google Books

Although the main Moro resistance movements fought Japan in Mindanao and Sulu, there were also Moros in colonial British Borneo (in Sabah) who played a small role in the resistance in Borneo.

The Suluks (Moro Tausugs) in Sabah suffered immensely from Japan in WW2. The Japanese machine gunned Suluk women and children at a mosque after killing their men in a horrific massacre. Almost the entire Suluk population from Suluk island off the coast of Sabah was wiped out. The Suluks had participated in an assault on the Japanese on the first day of the uprising, and the Chinese mostly took over after that, but it didn't stop Japan from committing their brutal slaughter on the Suluks, Bajau and other Muslim natives

The Second World War: A Complete History - Martin Gilbert - Google Books

War Crimes: Japan's World War II Atrocities - Malcolm Joseph Thurman, Christine Sherman - Google Books

The Knights of Bushido: A History of Japanese War Crimes During World War II - Edward Frederick Langley Russell Baron Russell of Liverpool, Lord Russell of Liverpool - Google Books

Tears of a teen-age comfort woman - Swee Lian - Google Books

The dragon and the maple leaf: Chinese Canadians in World War II - Marjorie Wong - Google Books

Kinabalu Guerrillas: An Account of the Double Tenth 1934 [i.e. 1943 - Maxwell J. Hall - Google Books

The Suluk leader Panglima Ali led Suluk forces to fight the Japanese in coordination with a Chinese led uprising in Sabah, led by the Chinese agent Guo Hengnan (Albert Kwok) . Panglima coordinated a naval assault by flotillas. This is what led the Japanese to start the massacres upon the Chinese, Suluks, and other natives of the area.

The Japanese Occupation of Borneo, 1941-45 - Ooi Keat Gin - Google Books

Southeast Asian Minorities in the Wartime Japanese Empire - Google Books

A Sudden Rampage: The Japanese Occupation of Southeast Asia, 1941-1945 - Nicholas Tarling - Google Books

The Tokyo war crimes trial: index and guide - International Military Tribunal for the Far East, Donald Cameron Watt - Google Books

The Tokyo war crimes trial: the pursuit of justice in the wake of World War II - Yuma Totani - Google Books

Masa Jepun: Sarawak Under the Japanese, 1941-1945 - Bob Reece - Google Books

Ring of fire: Australian guerrilla operations against the Japanese in World ... - Dick Crofton Horton - Google Books



A cargo of spice, or Exploring Borneo - R. A. M. Wilson - Google Books

Historical Sabah: The Chinese - Danny Tze-Ken Wong - Google Books

Under Five Flags - Ronald J. Brooks - Google Books

Malaysia; prospect and retrospect: the impact and after-math of colonial rule - Richard Allen - Google Books

Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society - Google Books

A Suluk Imam from Sulu, named Imam Marajukim united the Suluks with the other Muslim natives of Sabah like the Bajau to join the Chinese revolt against Japan.

The transformation of an immigrant society: a study of the Chinese of Sabah - Danny Tze-Ken Wong - Google Books

*****'s in the well: Japanese occupation of Sarawak, 1941-1945 - Julitta Shau Hua Lim - Google Books

Rangkaian tawarikh negeri sabah - Muhammad A. Rahman - Google Books

L'Asie du Sud-Est: Par Françoise Cayrac-Blanchard (o.fl.a.). - Françoise Cayrac-Blanchard - Google Books

Imam Marajukim and Guo (Albert Kwok) were forced to seek aid from the American-Philippine occupiers due to the extreme situation, with Marajukim communicating with the Filipino guerilla Lt. Col Alejandro Suarez and Kwok requesting supplies.

Sabah (North Borneo): Under the Rising Sun Government - Stephen R. Evans - Google Books

Under Five Flags - Ronald J. Brooks - Google Books

Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society - Google Books

The Sultans of Sulu, Panglima Ali, Imam Marajukim, and Nur Misuari are all ethnic Tausug Moros.

 

[Wholegrain]

Philippines were used as a base by Spain to conquer and Catholicize other countries in asia. Spain launched attacks from Luzon and Visayas against the Moros on Sulu and Mindanao, and also upon the Maluku islands which used to be ruled by the Muslim Ternate Sultanate, and Taiwan, with the intent of territorial conquest and conversion of the Muslim and Animist natives of those places to Catholicism.

One Spanish Governor General of the Philippines even thought of invading China and forcibly converting the country to the Catholic religion, but the invasion was called off, since China was no Aztec Empire which could be easily overrun. The Spanish then decided to colonize Taiwan to both convert the aboriginals to Catholicism and used the island as a base to also convert China to Catholicism.

The Manila-Acapulco Galleons : The Treasure Ships of the Pacific: With An ... - Shirley Fish - Google Books

Ancestors, Virgins, & Friars: Christianity as a Local Religion in Late ... - Eugenio Menegon - Google Books

The Maluku islands were conquered by Spain after the Portuguese ruled it and the Spanish also spread Catholicism there through military outposts and settlements. However, China set off a chain reaction which forced Spain to end its colonization of Taiwan, the Malukus, Mindanao, and Sulu.

In the 1620s Ming dynasty China defeated the Dutch on the Pescadores (Penghu islands) and forced them to move their fort to Taiwan, then the Dutch came to Taiwan and drove the Spanish colonists out, in turn, the Dutch were driven out of Taiwan by Chinese Ming loyalists under Koxinga in 1662, and then when Koxinga threatened to invade the Philippines, the Spanish were forced to abandon their military garrisons and colonies on Mindanao, Sulu, and the Maluku islands in 1663, in order to concentrate their forces on Manila to defend against the threatened invasion.

The Chinese Ming forces expelled the Dutch from the Pescadores and forced them to Taiwan in the 1620s. The retreating Dutch expelled Spain from Taiwan.

Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368-1644 - Association for Asian Studies. Ming Biographical History Project Committee - Google Books

Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368-1644 - Association for Asian Studies. Ming Biographical History Project Committee - Google Books

Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting - Google Books

Pentecost of the Hills in Taiwan: The Christian Faith Among the Original ... - Ralph R. Covell - Google Books

The Cambridge History of China - Google Books

The Cambridge History of China - Google Books

Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China - Gang Deng - Google Books

Leyden Studies in Sinology: Papers Presented at the Conference Held in ... - Google Books

Statecraft and Political Economy on the Taiwan Frontier, 1600-1800 - John Robert Shepherd - Google Books

Twentieth century impressions of Hongkong, Shanghai, and other treaty ports ... - Arnold Wright - Google Books

Amoy and the Surrounding Districts: Compiled from Chinese and Other Records - George Hughes (of Amoy.) - Google Books

China, Her History, Diplomacy, and Commerce: From the Earliest Times to the ... - Edward Harper Parker - Google Books

Dutch Formosa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In the 1660s Spain launched offensives against the Moros on Jolo and around Lake Lanao on Mindanao and were making progress in their operations.

However, because of China, Spain had to withdraw. The Chinese Ming loyalist Koxinga had conquered Taiwan from the Dutch in 1662. Koxinga then threatened an invasion of the Spanish Philippines in 1662, and Chinese in the Philippines rebelled in 1663, Spain was forced to withdraw its military garrisons from Sulu, Mindanao (from forts around Zamboanga), and withdraw from the Maluku islands. The withdrawn soldiers were relocated to Manila to defend against Koxinga's planned liberation and to fight the Chinese rebels.

Spain lost all its positions on Mindanao and Maluku islands and only had Luzon and Visayas because of this incident.

That is how the Spanish presence in Maluku ended and why Spain failed to gain a significant foothold in Mindanao against the Moros earlier. However unfortunately Koxinga died, and the attack on Manila was called off.

Although the rebellion failed and Koxinga died before he could attack, the tens of thousands of martyrs of the Chinese rebellion managed to prevent Spain from advancing on the Moros in Sulu, Mindanao and the people of the Maluku islands.

It was only in the 19th century, with the introduction of the steamboat, that the Spanish were finally able to outsail the Moro ships and make headway in conquering more land in Mindanao, after China forced them to abort their attempt in the 17th century.

History of South-East Asia - Daniel George Edward Hall - Google Books

Moro depredations and enabled the Spaniards to take the offensive against the Moro baes at Jolo and on Lake Lanao in northern Mindanao. Neither side, however, could win an outright victory, and when the Chinese leader Koxinga, having ousted the Dutch from Formosa in 1 661, went on to threaten Manila in the following year, Zamboanga was evacuated by the Spaniards and

Aristocrats of the Malay Race: A Historic of the Bangsa Moro in the Philippines - Nasser A. Marohomsalic - Google Books

12 CONFLICT OF SUCCESSION AND RIVALRY The withdrawal of Spanish forces in Zamboanga and other outposts in Mindanao for Manila in 1 663 to meet the threat of a Chinese attack by Koxinga left Mindanao all to the Moros, to the internal dissensions among the ranks of its covetous nobility who harbored every ambition to royal paramountcy

Aristocrats of the Malay Race: A Historic of the Bangsa Moro in the Philippines - Nasser A. Marohomsalic - Google Books

and the speedy colonization of Moroland. Spain abandoned Zamboanga in 1663 to reinforce Manila against the threat of Chinese Koxinga, and they returned in 1718 to occupy again the settlement. In 1720-1721, Iranun and M'ranao Moros numbering 3000 warriors led by the King of Butig stormed and laid siege to the Fort for five months but the Fort stood its defenses. A saga of their race, the event is recorded and preserved in the salsila of the Maranaos by their lyricists, and it is sang and recited in rhapsody during important occasions.

Dansalan Quarterly - Google Books

The Christian occupation of the north coast of Mindanao was just being consolidated when, in 1662, a new threat to the whole Philippine enterpise brought the labors to a halt. Koxinga, the Chinese war-lord who had taken over Formosa, threatened Manila, and Governor Bobadilla sent out orders calling in all the Spanish forces in Mindanao, including those of lligan and Zamboanga, to defend the capital.38 This ... and furtive expeditions of our Jesuits," who were prevented from doing more by the "bloody piracies of the Moros

Aristocrats of the Malay Race: A Historic of the Bangsa Moro in the Philippines - Nasser A. Marohomsalic - Google Books

The Spaniards retaliated the following year, 1656, burning Kudarat's town and some Moro towns in Sibugay Bay and destroying a Dutch fleet allied with the Moros. Kudarat's fort stood and repulsed Spanish offensive even while the Moros were raiding the coasts of Mindoro and Marinduque. Datu Salicula scoured the Philippine seas, entering Manila Bay in 1657 and capturing over 1000 natives. In 1660, Jolo and Tawi-Tawi Moros raided the coasts of Bohol, Leyte and Mindoro and, in 1662, sacked and burned a great many towns in the Visayas. 1 12 CONFLICT OF SUCCESSION AND RIVALRY The withdrawal of Spanish forces in Zamboanga and

Rizal and the emergence of the Philippine nation - José S. Arcilla - Google Books



International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania - Google Books

In order to protect their share in the China trade, the Spanish came to Zamboanga in 1635. ... In 1663 Manila, the Spanish capital, was under threat from a Chinese attack, and all Spanish resources in Zamboanga were withdrawn to Luzon...With the American arrival in the Philippines in 1898, many aspects of life in Zamboanga and its neighboring regions changed...Muslims began to be outnumbered by Christian immigrants; today the Muslim population of Mindanao and Sulu accounts for only 23 percent of the region's total. Luzon

Annual Report of the Secretary of War - United States. War Dept - Google Books



The Story of the Philippines: For Use in the Schools of the Philippine Islands - Adeline Knapp - Google Books



A History of the Philippines ... - David Prescott Barrows - Google Books



The Encyclopedia Americana: A Library of Universal Knowledge - Google Books

the encyclopedia americana - 1919 The Encyclopedia Americana Corporation - Google Books



The progressing Philippines : - Charles Whitman Briggs - Google Books

Another event of importance during the seventeenth century resulted from the overthrow of the Ming Dynasty in China by the Manchus. During the change of power and consequent disorders there, a Chinese adventurer, Koxinga, raised a pirate army in south China and drove the Dutch out of Formosa. He then sent an ambassador to Manila demanding the surrender of the Islands to him. The colony was weak and unprepared for defense, and consequently terrified. There were twenty-five thousand Chinese living in Pari-an, north of the Pasig River, in Manila. Fearful lest these Chinese cooperate in the designs of Koxinga, they were all ordered to leave the Islands. Unable to do so at once, and fearful of massacre, they arose in rebellion and assaulted the city of Manila. The result was a terrible massacre, which cost the lives of twenty-two thousand of the Chinese; the remaining three thousand built frail boats and fled to Formosa. The death of Koxinga occurred before his expedition reached the Philippines

Aristocrats of the Malay Race: A Historic of the Bangsa Moro in the Philippines - Nasser A. Marohomsalic - Google Books

1597, Spain built a fort at La Caldera (now Recodo, Zamboanga City) and abandoned it later. They reoc- cupied the city in 1635 and built therein the Nuestra Senor del Pilar Fort with support flotilla to check Moro sorties to Visayas and Luzon and effect speedy colonization of Moroland. Spain abandoned Zamboanga in 1663 to reinforce Manila against the threat of Chinese Koxinga, and they returned in 1718 to occupy again the settlement. In 1720-1721, Iranun and M'ranao Moros numbering 3000 warriors led by the King of Butig stormed and laid siege to the Fort for five months but the Fort stood its defenses. A saga of their race, the event is recorded and preserved in the

Aristocrats of the Malay Race: A Historic of the Bangsa Moro in the Philippines - Nasser A. Marohomsalic - Google Books

The Spaniards retaliated the following year, 1656, burning Kudarat's town and some Moro towns in Sibugay Bay and destryoying a Dutch fleet allied with the Moros. Kudarat's fort stood and repulsed Spanish offensive even while the Moros were raiding the coasts of Mindoro and Marinduque. Datu Salicula scoured the Philippine seas, entering Manila Bay in 1657 and capturing over 1000 natives. In 1660, Jolo and Tawi-Tawi Moros raided the coasts of Bohol, Leyte and Mindoro and, in 1662, sacked and burned a great many towns in the Visayas. 1 12 CONFLICT OF SUCCESSION AND RIVALRY The withdrawal of Spanish forces in Zamboanga and other outposts in Mindanao for Manila in 1 663 to meet the threat of a Chinese attack by Koxinga left Mindanao all to the Moros, to the internal dissensions among the ranks of its covetous nobility who harbored every ambition to royal paramountcy.

Armed separatism in Southeast Asia - Joo-Jock Lim, Vani Shanmugaratnam - Google Books

which culminated in the construction Fort Pillar in Zamboanga (La Caldera); 4. The efforts to subjugate Mindanao and Sulu from 1635 to 1663 when the Spanish garrison at the La Caldera was abandoned on account of Koxinga's threat in Luzon

Annual Reports of the Secretary of War - United States. War Dept - Google Books

Annual Reports of the War Department - United States. War Dept - Google Books



The Spirit of '76: Devoted to the Principles, Incidents, and Men of '76 and ... - Google Books



The Philippine Islands: A Political, Geographical, Ethnographical, Social ... - John Foreman (F.R.G.S.) - Google Books



A Pronouncing Gazetteer and Geographical Dictionary of the Philippine ... - United States. Bureau of Insular Affairs, De Benneville Randolph Keim - Google Books

ISt Moro pirates numbering 15,000 lay waste the Visayan Islands, and sacked the capital of Tayabas, Luzon. 1S5. Foundation of the fort of Zamboanga, Mindanao, to hold in check the piracy of the Moros..S Uprising of the Chinese at Calamba. Laguna. Their forays against San Pedro Macate.Taytay, and Antipolo and ultimate defeat and submission. College of San Juan de Letran founded under the Dominicans. Don Francisco de A tienza conquered the Moros of Lanaoand took possession of the celebrated lake bearing this name. Victories of Don Pedro de Almonte over the Moros In Mindanao and Sulu...'prising in the provinces of Pampanga and Pangasinan, Luzon, quelled without bloodshed, "tt Chinese pirate Koseng demanded the submission of the archipelago, with serious threats. Upris, tag of the Chinese in the suburbs of Manila and their subsequent submission. Koseng died."

Koxinga - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Maluku Islands - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

[Wholegrain]

The Philippines was free of religious conflict before the Spanish came. The ancestors of the Filipinos, the Moros, and Chinese all lived in peace until Spain arrived.

Raja Sulaiman was No Carabao: Understanding the Muslim Question - Melba Padilla Maggay - Google Books

Spanish friars even in the 19th century claimed the Spanish campaigns against the Moros were a "holy war in the name of religion"

The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: The nineteenth and twentieth centuries - Google Books

Spanish and British gunboats destroyed Sulu villages in the name of "antipiracy".

In Search of Southeast Asia: A Modern History - Google Books

Maynila and Tondo Kingdoms in Luzon were both ruled by Muslim Rajahs.

Struggle for Freedom' 2008 Ed. - C. Duka - Google Books

An Arab American Christian named Najeeb Mitry Saleeby served as a medical officer in the American army in the Philippines. He was born in either Lebanon or Syria, and studied medicine at the American University of Beirut, then moved to America. He researched and interacted with the Moros extensively, studying their language, culture, law, history, and religion, and mase recommendations on how to proceed to the American colonial regime in the Philippines. He wrote several books on the Moro history and law.

The Moro problem; an academic discussion of the history and solution of the problem of the government of the Moros of the Phillipine Islands, by Najeeb M. Saleeby ...

Moroland, 1899-1906: America's First Attempt to Transform an Islamic Society - Google Books

Studies in Moro History, Law, and Religion

Studies in Moro History, Law, and Religion - Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Studies in Moro history, law, and religion: by Najeeb M. Saleeby.

The history of Sulu - Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

American account of the Sulu Sultan

A woman's journey through the Philippines on a cable ship that linked ... - Florence Kimball Russel - Google Books

History and family tree of maguindanao sultans.

Ethnological Survey publications - Philippines Ethnological Survey, Philippines. Dept. of the Interior - Google Books

Publications - Philippines. Bureau of Science. Division of Ethnology - Google Books

Publications - Philippines. Ethnological Survey - Google Books

Division of Ethnology Publications - Google Books

Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics - Google Books

Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics: Volume 1. A - Art. Part 1. A - Algonquins - Google Books

Handbook of Ethnic Conflict: International Perspectives - Google Books

Dr. Saleeby's views on education

New-York Observer - Google Books

Report of Government Laboratories of the Philippine Islands - Philippines. Bureau of Government Laboratories - Google Books

The Language of Education of the Philippine Islands - Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Dearborn Independent Magazine October 1925-December 1926 - Henry Ford - Google Books

Philippine English: Linguistic and Literary Perspectives - Maria Lourdes S. Bautista, Kingsley Bolton - Google Books

Report of the United States Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War ... - United States. Philippine Commission, 1900-1916 - Google Books

Madrasah education in the Philippines and its role in national integration ... - MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology. Coordination Center for Research and Development - Google Books

The government of the Philippine Islands: its development and fundamentals - George A. Malcolm - Google Books

Saleeby's views on Moro identity

The American Colonial State in the Philippines: Global Perspectives - Google Books

Comparative Studies on Muslim Societies: Everyday Politics & Armed Separatism - Thomas M. McKenna - Google Books

Fighting Words: Language Policy and Ethnic Relations in Asia - Google Books

Hefner: Islam in an Era Paper - Robert W. Hefner, Robert W. Hefner Patricia Horvatich - Google Books

Islamic Identity, Postcoloniality, and Educational Policy: Schooling and ... - Jeffrey Ayala Milligan - Google Books

Moroland: The History of Uncle Sam and the Moros 1899-1920 - Robert A. Fulton - Google Books

Biographical information on Dr. Najeeb Mitry Saleeby

http://www.hcs.harvard.edu/~hapr/winter07_gov/mckenna2.pdf

Najeeb M. Saleeby, The Moro Problem (Manila: Bureau of Printing). Saleeby was a Syrian-born physician, a Christian Arabic speaker who became fascinated with Philippine Muslims.

A History of Islamic Societies - Ira M. Lapidus - Google Books

The history of Sulu: by Najeeb M. Saleeby.

The History of Sulu : Najeeb Mitry Saleeby , Ethnological Survey for Philippine Islands : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive

BARNES & NOBLE | najeeb mitry saleeby, Books

Amazon.com: Najeeb Mitry Saleeby: Books

Formats and Editions of Sulu reader, for the public schools of the Moro province. [WorldCat.org]

Studies in Moro history, law, and religion - Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Studies in Moro History, Law, and Religion - Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Report of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War - United States. Philippine Commission (1899-1900) - Google Books

United States Congressional serial set - Google Books

Report of the United States Philippine commission to the secretary of war ... - United States. Philippine Commission, 1900-1916 - Google Books

Congressional serial set - United States. Government Printing Office - Google Books

Northwestern University Law Review - Google Books

Illinois law review - Google Books

Illinois Law Review - Google Books

Different Aspects of Islamic Culture: Vol.3: The Spread of Islam Throughout ... - UNESCO - Google Books

The Qur'anic Concept of Umma - George C. Decasa - Google Books

Arabic Romanic Transliteration and Arabic Reading - Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Welcome to the official website of the Royal House of Sulu

Sixto Y. Orosa, MD (1931), "The Sulu archipelago and its people", New York: Yonkers-on-HudsonNajeeb M. Saleeby (1908), "The History of Sulu", Manila: Bureau of PrintingDatu Andres Linholm (2011), "The recorded genealogy of Royal House of Sulu", London

From Saleeby's book

The Moro problem; an academic discussion of the history and solution of the problem of the government of the Moros of the Phillipine Islands, by Najeeb M. Saleeby ...

4. The Question of Religion. Religion as a governmental difficulty can easily be brushed aside; yet indeed it can be encouraged and promoted to the advantage of either side. the government and the people. Religion has never been a cause of hostility between Americans and Moros. Datu Utu and his whole household knew Iwas a Christian, yet they tookconsiderable pleasure in my attendance at some of their religious ceremonies and festivities. Datu Mastura gave me free access to his whole library most of which were religious manuscripts and books on law and magic. There was no book on religion, law, or history in the possession of Datu Ali that I could not get, and the Sultan of Sulu placed his precious Luntar in my hands. The Moros have not that bigotry and religious fanaticism which we observe in India, Western Asia, and Africa. They do not understand the principal doctrines of Mohammedanism, and have so little religion at heart that it is impossible for them to get enthusiastic and fanatic on this ground. They do not know the five prayers and seldom enter a mosque. Some of the panditas attend the Friday service once a week and pray for the Sultan and the whole nation. "Juramentados" are not religious fanatics. Not one juramentado in ten could say his prayers or knew the doctrines of his creed. There has been no greater misunderstanding by Spaniards and Americans on any one Moro subject than on this-the juramentado question. The juramentado is not actuated by a religious feeling. It is fierce patriotism that excites his rashness and provokes his craziness. A juramentado's state of mind during the execution of his purpose is a condition of frenzy or temporary insanity closely allied in its nature to that of being amuck. A man who runs amuck in a manner avenges himself and his personal grievances, but the iuramentado avenges his people and his chief. His chief's call for vengeance rings in his ears and he immediatly comes forward as the hero and avenger of the datuship and gets ready for his treacherous fray. No one, however, faces death without religious wakening and fear, and the reckless juramentado can not advance towards his grave without performing the last rites of his creed. He would not otherwise be allowed to proceed even if he wanted to. Religion plays a secondary role in this case and no blame can attach to the juramentado's creed. Let the Moro be heathen and he will "go juramentado" on the strength of his faith in wooden idols before he yields to a master or gives up his home. The juramentado is a forerunner of hostilities and an evil sign of the times.

Lost Time and Untold Tales from the Malay World - Jan van der Putten, Mary Kilcline Cody, Mary Kilcline Cody - Google Books

The Muslim South and Beyond - Samuel K. Tan - Google Books

Filipino Muslim Perceptions of Their History and Culture As Seen Through Indigenous Written Sources[/QUOTE]

Conversion of the sulu island to islam

State And Society In The Philippines - Patricio N. Abinales, Donna J. Amoroso, Donna J. Amoroso - Google Books

Malay Muslim: The History and Challenge of Resurgent Islam in Southeast Asia - Robert Day McAmis - Google Books

Philippine History Module-based Learning I' 2002 Ed. - Ongsotto, Et Al - Google Books

Genealogies of the sulu sultans

Publications - Philippines. Bureau of Science. Division of Ethnology - Google Books

Division of Ethnology Publications - Google Books

Readings on Islam in Southeast Asia - Google Books

Religionen - Google Books

Study Skills in English for a Changing World' 2001 Ed. - Flores, Et Al - Google Books

My Country and My People 5 - Carpio, Et Al - Google Books

A Handbook of Philippine Folklore - Mellie Leandicho Lopez - Google Books

Religious Glimpses of Eastern Asia - Google Books

Islam in Southeast Asia: Political, Social and Strategic Challenges for the ... - K. S. Nathan, K. S. Nathan and Mohammad Hashim Kamali, editors - Google Books

Turning Points I' 2007 Ed. - Antonio, Et Al - Google Books

Dr. Najeeb Mitry Saleeby (a lebanese christian american) wrote many books on moro history and laws, due to his command in arabic he could read some moro documents. he was in charge of public education in moro areas during the american administration.

Studies in Moro history, law, and religion - Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Studies in Moro history, law, and religion - Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Studies in Moro history, law, and religion - Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Publications - ALBERT ERNEST JENKS, EMERSON BREWER CHRISTIE, NAJEEB M. SALEEBY , OTTO SCHEERER, Philippines. Bureau of Science. Division of Ethnology, WILLIAM ALLAN REED - Google Books

The history of Sulu - Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Sulu reader: for the public schools of the Moro province - Moro Province. Superintendent of Schools, Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Magindanaw reader, for the Public Schools of the Moro Province - Moro Province. Superintendent of Schools, Najeeb Mitry Saleeby - Google Books

Islamic Identity, Postcoloniality, and Educational Policy: Schooling and ... - Jeffrey Ayala Milligan - Google Books

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS - GEORGE A. MALCOM - Google Books

Islam in South-East Asia - Google Books

Saleeby's tranlations of moro genealogies (the genealogies were written in tausug and other moro languages in arabic script, so he actually had to learn both languages)

Different Aspects of Islamic Culture: Vol.3: The Spread of Islam Throughout ... - UNESCO - Google Books

Readings on Islam in Southeast Asia - Google Books

The Muslim South and Beyond - Samuel K. Tan - Google Books

The Qur'anic Concept of Umma - George C. Decasa - Google Books

Religionen - Google Books

Hefner: Islam in an Era Paper - Robert W. Hefner, Robert W. Hefner Patricia Horvatich - Google Books

A History of the Philippines - Samuel K. Tan - Google Books

Malay Muslim: The History and Challenge of Resurgent Islam in Southeast Asia - Robert Day McAmis - Google Books

Pandita schools

Islamic Identity, Postcoloniality, and Educational Policy: Schooling and ... - Jeffrey Ayala Milligan - Google Books

Saleeby's brother

SULU WRITING An Explanation of the SULU-ARABIC SCRIPT - C.R. CAMERON - Google Books

Dr. Saleeby sympathized with the moros and argued that the english version of the treaty between sulu and america was interpreted wrongly in favor of america.

Moroland: The History of Uncle Sam and the Moros 1899-1920 - Robert A. Fulton - Google Books

The treaty signed between the sulu sultanate and america

Triumphant plutocracy: the story of American public life from 1870 to 1920 - Richard Franklin Pettigrew - Google Books

History of sulu's relations with spain and america

Census of the Philippine Islands Taken Under the Direction of the Philippine ... - Philippines. Census Office, Felipe Buencamino, Ignacio Villamor - Google Books

Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor - Keat Gin Ooi - Google Books

The Talibanization of Southeast Asia: Losing the War on Terror to Islamist ... - Bilveer Singh - Google Books

Alexander Dalrymple (1737-1808) and the Expansion of British Trade - Howard T. Fry - Google Books

E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936: Supplement - Google Books

Outdated orientalist anthropological studies on the moros

Elihu Root collection of United States documents relating to the Philippine ... - Elihu Root, United States - Google Books

Moro laws

The Qur'anic Concept of Umma - George C. Decasa - Google Books

English sulu dictionaries

English-Sulu-Malay vocabulary: with useful sentences, tables, and c - Andson Cowie, William Clark Cowie - Google Books

English, Sulu, and Malay vocabulary - Thomas Henry Haynes - Google Books

English-Sulu-Malay vocabulary: with useful sentences, tables, and c - Andson Cowie, William Clark Cowie - Google Books

Maguindanaon language

A grammar of the Maguindanao tongue according to the manner of speaking it ... - Jacinto Juanmartí, United States. War Dept. General Staff - Google Books

A Grammar Of the Maguindanao Tongue. - Google Books

Primer and Vocabulary of the Moro Dialect, by R.S. Porter - United States. Insular Affair Bureau. War Dept - Google Books

Sulu arabic alphabet

Sulu Writing, an Explanation of the Sulu-Arabic Script As Employed in ... - C. R. (Charles Raymond) Cameron - Google Books

An account of the lease of north borneo to british citizens by sultan jamalul of sulu

Where in the World Is the Philippines?: Debating Its National Territory - Rodolfo C Severino - Google Books

The sulu sultan Jamalul Kiram II claimed that the british stole north borneo

The Sultan of Sulu tells how England "stole" North Borneo - Aleko E. Lilius, Jamalul Kiram II (Sultan of Sulu) - Google Books

The treaty sulu signed with spain differed radically in its spanish and tausug texts

Iraq, Terror, And The Philippines' Will To War - James A. Tyner - Google Books

Medicinal Plants of the Phillipines - T. Pardo de Tavera - Google Books

Chinese pottery in the Philippines - Fay-Cooper Cole, Berthold Laufer - Google Books


Filipinos may have learned circumcision from Moros.

Journal of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States - Google Books

American Journal of Dermatology and Genito-urinary Diseases - Google Books

The Moros had an education system under the Pandita schools in pre colonial times.

Islamic Identity, Postcoloniality, and Educational Policy: Schooling and ... - Jeffrey Ayala Milligan - Google Books

 

[Wholegrain]

Moro warriors and weapons.

 

[Wholegrain]

A misleadingly positive outlook on America's relations with the Moros before the war broke out between them.

The Deseret News - Google News Archive Search

The Americans tried to pay off the Sultan if he agreed to American rule

The Philadelphia Record - Google News Archive Search

American travel articles about Moroland.

The Deseret News - Google News Archive Search

St. Joseph Herald - Google News Archive Search

Americans realize that war is coming.

MORE TROOPS NEEDED IN THE PHILIPPINES - Demands on Gen. MacArthur from Every Department. REBELS FIGHT BEHIND WOMEN Bolomen and Riflemen In the Rear Lines -- The Church a Troublesome Factor in Some Districts. - Article - NYTimes.com

Lawrence Daily World - Google News Archive Search

The Bryan Times - Google News Archive Search

Atlanta News, Sports, Atlanta Weather, Business News | ajc.com

This is an American account of the Sultan

Atlanta News, Sports, Atlanta Weather, Business News | ajc.com

These are accounts of the Moro insurgency against Japan

Warsaw Daily Union - Google News Archive Search

Moros Pledge Fight to End On Japanese in Philippines

St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search

St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search

Spokane Daily Chronicle - Google News Archive Search

Youngstown Vindicator - Google News Archive Search

The Calgary Herald - Google News Archive Search

Warsaw Daily Union - Google News Archive Search

Sarasota Herald-Tribune - Google News Archive Search

The News and Courier - Google News Archive Search

The Lewiston Daily Sun - Google News Archive Search

The Vancouver Sun - Google News Archive Search

Reading Eagle - Google News Archive Search

The Telegraph-Herald - Google News Archive Search

Herald-Journal - Google News Archive Search

Youngstown Vindicator - Google News Archive Search

The Lewiston Daily Sun - Google News Archive Search

Lewiston Evening Journal - Google News Archive Search

JAPANESE SET BACK - Hit All Along the Line by Bataan Defenders-Lose Outposts in Reverse GUERRILLAS ALSO ACTIVE Attack Enemy in Other Parts of Luzon -- 'Desultory Fighting' Goes On in Mindanao - Front Page - NYTimes.com

REICH-MADE PLANES SEEN OVER BATAAN - Japanese Believed Dipping Into Reserves to Keep Up Bombing of Philippine Defenders LANAO MOROS LOYAL TO US Leaders of 10,000 Pledge They Will Never Give Up Fighting Till Invaders Are Defeated - Article - NYTimes.c

The Palm Beach Post - Google News Archive Search

The Deseret News - Google News Archive Search

Painesville Telegraph - Google News Archive Search

The Montreal Gazette - Google News Archive Search

Ottawa Citizen - Google News Archive Search

Herald-Journal - Google News Archive Search

Schenectady Gazette - Google News Archive Search

The News and Courier - Google News Archive Search

St. Joseph Gazette - Google News Archive Search

Daytona Beach Morning Journal - Google News Archive Search

Youngstown Vindicator - Google News Archive Search

American Force Bombed by Planes, Shelled by Light Artillery -- Igorotes, Moros Help Armored Force in Holding Peninsula - Article - NYTimes.com

The Evening Independent - Google News Archive Search

Spokane Daily Chronicle - Google News Archive Search

Spokane Daily Chronicle - Google News Archive Search

Lawrence Journal-World - Google News Archive Search

Spokane Daily Chronicle - Google News Archive Search

St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search

Herald-Journal - Google News Archive Search

St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search

The Rock Hill Herald - Google News Archive Search

The Vancouver Sun - Google News Archive Search

MOST OF MINDANAO HELD BY GUERRILLAS - Article - NYTimes.com

The Milwaukee Journal - Google News Archive Search

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette - Google News Archive Search

JAPANESE HALTED IN BATAAN ATTACK - Fighting Dwindles After the Repulse of Enemy Drive -- Planes Harry Defenders - Article - NYTimes.com

BACK TO THE SULUS - Editorial - NYTimes.com

The News and Courier - Google News Archive Search

The Sydney Morning Herald - Google News Archive Search

The Age - Google News Archive Search

The Evening Independent - Google News Archive Search

Outrages Cause Anger - FLOTILLA IS SIGHTED OFF LUZON'S COAST - Front Page - NYTimes.com

Youngstown Vindicator - Google News Archive Search

Meriden Record - Google News Archive Search

Sarasota Herald-Tribune - Google News Archive Search

The Telegraph-Herald - Google News Archive Search

Nevada Mail - Google News Archive Search

The STRATEGIC SLANT

AMERICANS STRIDE IN MINDANAO DRIVE - Push to Vital Road Junction 32 Miles From Illana Bay---- Win Cagayan Key on Luzon - Article - NYTimes.com

U.S. Forces Strike Inland In Mindanao Invasion Drive

ROXAS ESTIMATES PHILIPPINE DEFICIT - Government Expected to Run in Red by $124,000,000 Next Year and Rely on Loans - Article - NYTimes.com

The Spokesman-Review - Google News Archive Search

Spokane Daily Chronicle - Google News Archive Search

Bates Treaty

Whether the Bates treaty made a difference in later years, it is worth mentioning that there was a very critical translation error from English to Tausug. The word sovereignty was not used anywhere in the Tausug version. Article I of the Treaty in the Tausug version states "The support, aid, and protection of the Jolo Island and Archipelago are in the American nation," whereas the English version read "The sovereignty of the United States over the whole Archipelago of Jolo and its dependencies is declared and acknowledged." Najeeb Saleeby, an American of Lebanese descent who was assigned to Mindanao and Sulu, caught the translation flaws and charged Charlie Schuck, son of a German businessman, for deliberately mistranslating the treaty. Schuck was acquitted of all legal charges. Whether mistranslated, the wording of the treaty provided the justification for the U.S. decision to incorporate the Sulu Archipelago into the Philippine state in 1946.

Muslim Rulers and Rebels

Whether the Bates treaty made a difference in later years, it is worth mentioning that there was a very critical translation error from English to Tausug. The word sovereignty was not used anywhere in the Tausug version. Article I of the Treaty in the Tausug version states "The support, aid, and protection of the Jolo Island and Archipelago are in the American nation," whereas the English version read "The sovereignty of the United States over the whole Archipelago of Jolo and its dependencies is declared and acknowledged." Najeeb Saleeby, an American of Lebanese descent who was assigned to Mindanao and Sulu, caught the translation flaws and charged Charlie Schuck, son of a German businessman, for deliberately mistranslating the treaty. Schuck was acquitted of all legal charges. Whether mistranslated, the wording of the treaty provided the justification for the U.S. decision to incorporate the Sulu Archipelago into the Philippine state in 1946.

The history of Sulu : Saleeby, Najeeb M. (Najeeb Mitry), b. 1870 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive

Hefner: Islam in an Era Paper - Robert W. Hefner, Robert W. Hefner Patricia Horvatich - Google Books

Comparative Studies on Muslim Societies: Everyday Politics & Armed Separatism - Thomas M. McKenna - Google Books

Southeast Asia Over Three Generations: Essays Presented to Benedict R. O'G ... - Benedict R. O'G. (Benedict Richard O'Gorman) Anderson, James T. Siegel, Audrey R. Kahin - Google Books

Moroland: The History of Uncle Sam and the Moros 1899-1920 - Robert A. Fulton - Google Books

The War of 1898, and U.S. Interventions, 1898-1934: An Encyclopedia - Benjamin R. Beede - Google Books

The Outlook - Ernest Hamlin Abbott, Lyman Abbott, Francis Rufus Bellamy, Hamilton Wright Mabie - Google Books

 

[Zero_wing]

Ladies and gentlemen other of bullgrain propaganda bull lectures thank you for reading nonsense

 

[Snomannen]

A misleadingly positive outlook on America's relations with the Moros before the war broke out between them.

The Deseret News - Google News Archive Search

The Americans tried to pay off the Sultan if he agreed to American rule

The Philadelphia Record - Google News Archive Search

American travel articles about Moroland.

The Deseret News - Google News Archive Search

St. Joseph Herald - Google News Archive Search

Americans realize that war is coming.

MORE TROOPS NEEDED IN THE PHILIPPINES - Demands on Gen. MacArthur from Every Department. REBELS FIGHT BEHIND WOMEN Bolomen and Riflemen In the Rear Lines -- The Church a Troublesome Factor in Some Districts. - Article - NYTimes.com

Lawrence Daily World - Google News Archive Search

The Bryan Times - Google News Archive Search

Atlanta News, Sports, Atlanta Weather, Business News | ajc.com

This is an American account of the Sultan

Atlanta News, Sports, Atlanta Weather, Business News | ajc.com

These are accounts of the Moro insurgency against Japan

Warsaw Daily Union - Google News Archive Search

Moros Pledge Fight to End On Japanese in Philippines

St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search

St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search

Spokane Daily Chronicle - Google News Archive Search

Youngstown Vindicator - Google News Archive Search

The Calgary Herald - Google News Archive Search

Warsaw Daily Union - Google News Archive Search

Sarasota Herald-Tribune - Google News Archive Search

The News and Courier - Google News Archive Search

The Lewiston Daily Sun - Google News Archive Search

The Vancouver Sun - Google News Archive Search

Reading Eagle - Google News Archive Search

The Telegraph-Herald - Google News Archive Search

Herald-Journal - Google News Archive Search

Youngstown Vindicator - Google News Archive Search

The Lewiston Daily Sun - Google News Archive Search

Lewiston Evening Journal - Google News Archive Search

JAPANESE SET BACK - Hit All Along the Line by Bataan Defenders-Lose Outposts in Reverse GUERRILLAS ALSO ACTIVE Attack Enemy in Other Parts of Luzon -- 'Desultory Fighting' Goes On in Mindanao - Front Page - NYTimes.com

REICH-MADE PLANES SEEN OVER BATAAN - Japanese Believed Dipping Into Reserves to Keep Up Bombing of Philippine Defenders LANAO MOROS LOYAL TO US Leaders of 10,000 Pledge They Will Never Give Up Fighting Till Invaders Are Defeated - Article - NYTimes.c

The Palm Beach Post - Google News Archive Search

The Deseret News - Google News Archive Search

Painesville Telegraph - Google News Archive Search

The Montreal Gazette - Google News Archive Search

Ottawa Citizen - Google News Archive Search

Herald-Journal - Google News Archive Search

Schenectady Gazette - Google News Archive Search

The News and Courier - Google News Archive Search

St. Joseph Gazette - Google News Archive Search

Daytona Beach Morning Journal - Google News Archive Search

Youngstown Vindicator - Google News Archive Search

American Force Bombed by Planes, Shelled by Light Artillery -- Igorotes, Moros Help Armored Force in Holding Peninsula - Article - NYTimes.com

The Evening Independent - Google News Archive Search

Spokane Daily Chronicle - Google News Archive Search

Spokane Daily Chronicle - Google News Archive Search

Lawrence Journal-World - Google News Archive Search

Spokane Daily Chronicle - Google News Archive Search

St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search

Herald-Journal - Google News Archive Search

St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search

The Rock Hill Herald - Google News Archive Search

The Vancouver Sun - Google News Archive Search

MOST OF MINDANAO HELD BY GUERRILLAS - Article - NYTimes.com

The Milwaukee Journal - Google News Archive Search

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette - Google News Archive Search

JAPANESE HALTED IN BATAAN ATTACK - Fighting Dwindles After the Repulse of Enemy Drive -- Planes Harry Defenders - Article - NYTimes.com

BACK TO THE SULUS - Editorial - NYTimes.com

The News and Courier - Google News Archive Search

The Sydney Morning Herald - Google News Archive Search

The Age - Google News Archive Search

The Evening Independent - Google News Archive Search

Outrages Cause Anger - FLOTILLA IS SIGHTED OFF LUZON'S COAST - Front Page - NYTimes.com

Youngstown Vindicator - Google News Archive Search

Meriden Record - Google News Archive Search

Sarasota Herald-Tribune - Google News Archive Search

The Telegraph-Herald - Google News Archive Search

Nevada Mail - Google News Archive Search

The STRATEGIC SLANT

AMERICANS STRIDE IN MINDANAO DRIVE - Push to Vital Road Junction 32 Miles From Illana Bay---- Win Cagayan Key on Luzon - Article - NYTimes.com

U.S. Forces Strike Inland In Mindanao Invasion Drive

ROXAS ESTIMATES PHILIPPINE DEFICIT - Government Expected to Run in Red by $124,000,000 Next Year and Rely on Loans - Article - NYTimes.com

The Spokesman-Review - Google News Archive Search

Spokane Daily Chronicle - Google News Archive Search

Bates Treaty



Muslim Rulers and Rebels



The history of Sulu : Saleeby, Najeeb M. (Najeeb Mitry), b. 1870 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive

Hefner: Islam in an Era Paper - Robert W. Hefner, Robert W. Hefner Patricia Horvatich - Google Books

Comparative Studies on Muslim Societies: Everyday Politics & Armed Separatism - Thomas M. McKenna - Google Books

Southeast Asia Over Three Generations: Essays Presented to Benedict R. O'G ... - Benedict R. O'G. (Benedict Richard O'Gorman) Anderson, James T. Siegel, Audrey R. Kahin - Google Books

Moroland: The History of Uncle Sam and the Moros 1899-1920 - Robert A. Fulton - Google Books

The War of 1898, and U.S. Interventions, 1898-1934: An Encyclopedia - Benjamin R. Beede - Google Books

The Outlook - Ernest Hamlin Abbott, Lyman Abbott, Francis Rufus Bellamy, Hamilton Wright Mabie - Google Books

Wow you surely have been spending a lot of time on reading.

 

[Zero_wing]

Propaganda nothing more really